Biographie George Orwell en Anglais + Resume court de Animal Farm

Eric Arthur Blair who used the pen name George Orwell was a British Writer. He was born in Motihari, India on the 25th June 1903. He moved to England with his mother and sister when he was one year old, and his father worked for the ‘Opium Department’ in the Indian Civil service. Eric wrote his first poem when he was 4 years old and had his first published poem at age 11, the poem was called ‘Awake young men of England’ in the ‘Henley and Youth Oxfordshire Standard’. He attended Eton College after receiving a scholarship, in that school, he developed Liberalist and Socialist political views. In 1922, after graduation he joined the ‘Burma Imperial Police Force’ but he resigned in 1927 due to his growing hatred of British imperialism. He moved back to Europe, and lived in Paris and London, living on minimum wage jobs, and living in poverty. In 1933 he released his first book ‘Down and Out in ParisLondon’ which told the stories of his current situation, In 1934 he published a second book “Burmese Days’ in the which he critizised british imperialism and the plot was based on his life while living in Burma. 1936 he went to Spain to fight in the Spanish Civil War, he was against Franco’s dictatorship and political ideology and fought for liberalism. During the war he was injured and had to flee the country due to charges of treason. He moved back to England and in 1938 he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. In England he worked for the BBC for a period of time but his political views differed from the radio’s ones and he resigned. In 1943 he became a journalist for the Tribune. In 1944 he discovered he was sterile, he therefore adopted a son but on the same year, his first wife Eileen, who he had been married to for 8 years, died. In 1949 he married Sonia Brownwell but he died a year later in 1950.   Animal Farm is a short political fable based on Joseph Stalin's betrayal of the Russian Revolution. It was published in 1945. The animals of the Manor Farm live in a bad situation because their farmer Mr. Jones, a mean and always drunk man, exploits them. One day Old Major, an old pig, called a meeting of all the animals and told them about a dream that he had had the previous night. He had dreamed about an old song 'Beasts of England' that started a resistance against the human beings. Everyone was very excited. But Old Major died a few days later and two young pigs, Snowball and Napoleon, started leading the preparations for the Rebellion. About three months later they revolted against Mr. Jones and they took over the farm. The purpose of the revolution was to create a fair society made only by animals and based on seven commandments like “Four legs good, two legs bad” and most important one: "All animals are equal". They also changed the name of the farm to "Animal Farm". Snowball, an inventive and vivacious pig and Napoleon, a big and cruel-looking pig, started to fight for leadership. In the meantime Mr. Jones wanted to get the farm back but the animals succeeded in the battle and Mr. Jones was forced to run away. One day, when Snowball announced his plans to build a windmill, Napoleon arrived in the farm with nine big and cruel dogs that made Snowball run away bleeding. From that day Napoleon was the real dictator of the farm; if an animal didn't agree with him, he was eaten up by his dogs. If something went wrong, Napoleon blamed it on Snowball, who, according to him, was sneaking around Animal Farm ruining everything. When the strongest horse in the farm lost his strength because of old age and fell while he was building a windmill, Napoleon sent him to be slaughtered. Now Napoleon had pity on no one. He and the pigs were like Mr. Jones - they exploited the other animals, they took advantage of their foolishness and they came into contact with human beings for business although they had said it was forbidden. In the end they became like human beings, they started to walk on their hind legs and they changed the old maxim with a new one: “Four legs good, two legs better”. In the end everything was back to how it was and their resistance seemed to be useless.