1603 résultats pour "objectif"

• Le traité de Maastricht

  Viennent alors trente pages qui décrivent le programme devant conduire en trois étapes à une Union économique et monétaire.On y détaille le statut et le fonctionnement de la future Banque centrale européenne (BCE) ainsi que celui de l'Institut monétaireeuropéen (IME) qui doit être mis en place le 1 er janvier 1994. Le lecteur s'appesantira sur l'article 109 j, qui fut l'objet de négociations serrées et raconte en deux pleines pages, comment s'opérera le passage à la troisième étape de l'UEM, cel...

• philosophie politique - philosophie.

  5. 1 Thomas Hobbes Autonomisée par rapport à la morale, la sphère du politique se voit confrontée, dès le XVIe siècle, à des perspectives radicalement nouvelles, puisqu’il faut expliquer l’apparition et la pérennisation du pouvoir, sa légitimité même, autrement qu’en faisant intervenir un principe transcendant. Ainsi, Thomas Hobbes expose, dans Léviathan , la fiction d’un contrat social selon lequel, afin d’échapper à la tyrannie des passions individuelles, chacun renonce à sa liberté, à ses...

• raisons pratiques pour croire en ésthétique.Rehault

  Raisons pratiques de croire en esthétique S. R É H A U L T I l existe en esthétique un débat désormais devenu classique, celui qui op- pose les réalistes et les antiréalistes sur la question de l'existence des pro- priétés esthétiques. Il s'agit d'une question ontologique importante qui a de multiples conséquences, notamment sur la nature de l'expérience et du ju- gement esthétiques, ainsi que sur la question de la valeur de l'art. Plutôt que de m'intéresser aux raisons épistémiques en faveur de...

• MADAME BOVARY - LECTURE ANALYTIQUE

  On comprend donc qu'Emma n'est pas digne d'être sauvée, qu'elle ne le mérite pas d'un point de vue de morale etreligieux , et pourtant le champ lexical de la religion est présent partout. 2. La deuxième partie ( De Tout à coup, qui traduit l'arrivée d'un élément déclencheur, jusqu'à la fin)· Elle marque l'arrivée de l'aveugle qui réapparaît juste au moment de la mort d'Emma et s'impose comme l'élémentperturbateur soudain. Il apparaît à chaque moments importants (ou tournants) de la vie d'Emma :...

• Pyramids (Egypt) - history.

  out, to the king’s burial chamber, which ideally was located directly underneath the pyramid’s center point. Sometimes, in addition to the burial chamber, there werestorage chambers within the pyramid. These chambers held objects used in burial rituals as well as items for the deceased to use in the afterlife. Some of these items werevaluable, and in later years people robbed many of the pyramids and stole the objects. Pyramid of Khafre at GizaThe pyramids at Giza in Egypt are among the best-kno...

• Jean « Magic » Messier

  côtoie d'autres quadragénaires comme Eric Besson, député PS de la Drôme, Patricia Barbizet, bras droit de François Pinault ouPhilippe Germond, devenu président de Cegetel. Après son départ, l'influent associé-gérant Antoine Berheim confieraperfidement : « Messier a coûté très cher en déjeuners à Lazard ». Cet activisme lui permet de rencontrer Didier Pineau-Valencienne, dit DPV, le patron de Schneider, et d'obtenir le mandatpour l'achat de la société américaine d'équipements électriques Squar...

• La belle et bonne alliance franco-soviétique

  engagements, conventions, abstractions, et l' " arithmétique ", les forces, les territoires, le concret. Comment parvenir au but Dès le premier entretien, au soir du 2 décembre, lorsque le général de Gaulle expose ses plans pour la Ruhr et la Rhénanie,Staline se réfugie derrière ses deux grands alliés. " Sans eux, on ne peut résoudre un tel problème. " Les frontières, ajoute-t-il,c'est une chose. Mais la sécurité repose sur de bonnes armées, ainsi que sur " l'alliance des puissances anti-alle...

• Faut-il penser à la mort ?

  seules pensées qu'on peut avoir sur la mort, sont dirigées par l'angoisse de ne rien pouvoir faire pour y échapper, etla peur de passer dans un état qu'on ne connaît pas. A trop y penser, la mort nous paralyse, nous fait devenirparanoïaque, on la voit partout et rester cloitrer chez soi semble être la seule solution pour ne pas y être confronté.La pensée de la mort nous empêche de vivre, et sa nécessité prive la pensée de ses cheminements, de sa liberté.Penser à la mort n'apporte rien que l'ango...

• A-t-on raison d'accuser la technique ?

  jamais été aussi élevés qu'aujourd'hui (dans les pays techniquement avancés) et il est évident que ces avantagessont dus au progrès technique. Ainsi, l'idée que la nature (ou que les dieux) nous puniraient parce que nous voulonstransformer l'ordre originel est tout simplement une idée fausse et démentie par l'histoire. De plus, cette supposition serait en quelque sorte insultante vis-à-vis de la nature ou des dieux. Elle supposerait eneffet une nature ou des dieux mesquins. On peut démontrer pa...

• Hegel et l’esprit du monde

  s'occupe pas du futur.Un autre soleil se lève en Europe qui est le soleil de l'intériorité, de l'intelligence, de l'intériorité, de l'individualité. Donc l'occidentc'est où se lève le « soleil intérieur ».C'est l'eurocentrisme (l'Europe a le bon rôle). Mais si on revient à la mondialisation, il y en a d'autres :- L'Orient « archaïque »: est une figure réputée enfantine et dépassée. Lieu de l'archaïsme, un lieu figé, quitté par la raison. Il estréduit complètement. Mais ceci a un caractère relati...

• Cavour est désespéré par ces atermoiements, l'Autriche a la bonne idée, le 20 avril, d'adresser - contre toute raison -- un ultimatum au Piémont, lui enjoignant de désarmer.

  manquait dematériel adapté,étaitenproie aucholéra etladysenterie. Deplus, Louis Napoléon avaitété bouleversé parlespectacle duchamp debataille. Fleurylui-même, quines'émeut paspour rien,aexprimé son dégoût :« Ces boucheries nesont plusdenotre temps !» Surtout, plusquetout, laPrusse, subitement, menaçaitdemobiliser surleRhin. Sielle attaquait dansl'Est,la route deParis luiétait grande ouverte. Ilétait hors dequestion desebattre surdeux fronts. Mieuxvalaitdonc prévenir queguérir. Tout compte fait,...

• Définition du terme: CRITIQUE2, adjectif.

  dans l'oeuvre ne relève pas de l'intelligence critique (FRANÇOIS MAURIAC, Mémoires intérieurs, 1959, page 108 ). B.— [En parlant d'activités d'ordre intellectuel] Qui implique l'examen objectif, raisonné auquel on soumet quelqu'un ou quelque chose en vue de discerner ses mérites et défauts, ses qualités et imperfections. 1. [En parlant des facultés de jugement et de discernement d'une personne dans un domaine intellectuel, littéraire ou scientifique] Attitude, jugement, opinion critique. Dans le...

• Lincoln: "A House Divided" At the 1858 state Republican convention in Springfield, Illinois, the Republican Party's United States Senate candidate for Illinois and future president Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous "House Divided" speech.

  First, That no negro slave, imported as such from Africa, and no descendant of such slave can ever be a citizen of any state in the sense of that term as used in theConstitution of the United States. This point is made in order to deprive the negro, in every possible event, of the benefit of that provision of the United StatesConstitution which declares that 'The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.' Secondly, That, 'sub...

• psychothérapie - Mécedine.

  D’autres disciples de Freud s’opposent à lui sur des points importants de la théorie et de la technique thérapeutique et fondent leurs propres écoles. 5.1 Jung Une école influente est celle du psychiatre suisse Carl Gustav Jung, pour lequel Freud a exagéré l’importance des instincts sexuels en tant que moteur du comportement ;l’individu doit aussi réaliser ses potentiels non sexuels, sous peine de névrose. Jung élabore la psychothérapie analytique, qui tient compte du caractère de l’individu(in...

• Excerpt from Northanger Abbey - anthology.

  “I will read you their names directly; here they are in my pocket-book. Castle of Wolfenbach, Clermont, Mysterious Warnings, Necromancer of the Black Forest, Midnight Bell, Orphan of the Rhine, and Horrid Mysteries. Those will last us some time.” “Yes; pretty well; but are they all horrid? Are you sure they are all horrid?” “Yes, quite sure; for a particular friend of mine, a Miss Andrews, a sweet girl, one of the sweetest creatures in the world, has read every one of them. I wis...

• BRETON André : sa vie et son oeuvre

  comme exclusivement esthétique-et celle du «hasard objectif» -dont le versant éthique est plus évident puisqu'aux « signes» qui nous sont faits, il convient seulement d'obéir. On commence seulement à convenir que l'approche des textes de Breton doit impérativement tenir compte d'une pratique poétique qui consiste à réin­ venter secondairement une mentalité « magique» pour obéir à des impératifs visionnaires ou éthiques. Encore faut-il lire Breton...

• Cours de Philosophie du Droit

  conséquences peut-être des bouleversements politiques et économiques qui provoquent les esprits à remettre en cause ce qui paraît acquis. Le développement des relations internationales a pu aussi y aider, montrant que cette discipline était cultivée et enseignée dans beaucoup de pays." Le droit est à la base de tout débat sur l'homme dans nos sociétés contemporaines Brimo , pour sa part, remarque que la philosophie du droit...

• Inuit.

  VII HOUSING, TRANSPORTATION, AND CLOTHING Inuit homes are of two kinds: walrus or sealskin tents for summer and huts or houses for winter. Winter houses are usually made of stone, with a driftwood orwhalebone frame, chinked and covered with moss or sod. The entrance is a long, narrow passage just high enough to admit a person crawling on hands and knees.During long journeys some Canadian Inuit build igloos, winter houses of snow blocks piled in a dome shape (the term igloo comes from the I...

• Exercise.

  broad, and most studies suggest a positive relationship between physical fitness and mental achievement. The relationship between regular aerobic exercise and cardiovascular health and longevity is well established. Regular exercise leads to a reduction in the risk ofcoronary heart disease, in which fatty deposits (plaque) form in blood vessels supplying the muscular wall of the heart, compromising oxygen delivery to the heartmuscle. In addition, with regular exercise the efficiency of the heart...

• OEUVRE POUR L'ORAL : PROPOSITIONS 1 à 6 - Kant : Idée d'une histoire universelle au point de vue cosmopolitique

  INTRODUCTION I) La problématique de l’histoire - Le mot histoire est dérivé d’un mot grec qui signifiait enquête. Ce mot possède deux significations principales. Il y a d’une part l’histoire qui est écrite par les historiens; son but est la connaissance du passé des sociétés humaines ou, comme l’écrit Raymond Aron, “ la science que les hommes s’efforcent d’élaborer de leur devenir ”. Il y a d’autre part l’histoire comme succession...

• Folktales I INTRODUCTION "Little Red Riding Hood" The popular children's story "Little Red Riding

  seemed important to them. Thus, the Grimms postulated a common Indo-European origin for folktales, and the German philologist Theodor Benfey as well as theScottish writer William Clouston believed that stories diffused by way of travelers migrating east and west from India. Such theories, however, have proven incompleteand inadequate. Nevertheless, the research of these and other scholars greatly stimulated interest in folklore and folktales. The German scholar Max Muller held thatmyths originat...

• Japanese Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Otani Oniji as Eitoku Otani Oniji as Eitoku is one of a number of woodblock prints created by the artist T? sh ?sai Sharaku between 1794 and 1795 during the Edo period in Japan.

  Jō mon PotteryJapan’s J ōmon people, who thrived from 10,000 to 300 bc, made distinctive pottery for boiling, steaming, and storing food.The pots were made with coils of clay and then decorated by rolling carved sticks, plant fibers, or braided cords over theouter surface. This cord-marked (j ōmon) pottery gave the culture its name.Scala/Art Resource, NY The first settlers of Japan, the J ōmon people (10,000?-300? BC), named for the cord markings that decorated the surfaces of their clay vessel...

• Apollo, programme - astronomie.

  3 LES MISSIONS APOLLO La technique de rendez-vous orbital utilisée pour les missions Apollo comporte plusieurs étapes : lancement du vaisseau spatial sur une orbite terrestre stable ; envoi versla Lune ; mise en orbite autour de la Lune ; alunissage du Lem ; décollage du Lem de la Lune et mise en orbite lunaire ; jonction et amarrage avec le CSM ; et enfin retourdu vaisseau spatial sur Terre. Au cours du retour vers la Terre, le vaisseau spatial est freiné par la résistance de l’air à l’entrée...

• livre du professeur 4eme

  2 Les compétences du socle commun (palier 3) dans le manuel COMPÉTENCE 1 La maîtrise de la langue française 1.1 Lire ▶ Repérer les informations dans un texte à partir des éléments expli- cites et des éléments implicites nécessaires ▶ Dégager, par écrit ou oralement, l’essentiel d’un texte lu ▶ Manifester, par des moyens divers, sa compréhension de textes  variés 1.2 Écrire ▶ Rédiger un texte bref, cohérent et ponctué, en réponse à une ques- tion ou à partir de consignes données 1.3 Di...

• Bat - biology.

  tomb bat has rather small ears. The shapes of bat ears are extremely varied. The wide ears of the Australian false vampire bat meet above the head and are fused.Many bats are able to turn their ears in the direction of faint noises. Bat hearing and its use in echolocation are highly developed. Some bats have large, conspicuous eyes, while others may have small beady eyes. This variation suggests that vision plays different roles in the lives of various species.Despite the familiar expression, 'b...

• Diving (underwater).

  compensator (or control) device (BCD or BC), which the diver wears as a vest. By adding air to the BCD, the diver becomes more buoyant and rises. By releasing air,the diver becomes less buoyant and sinks. With minor adjustments of air, the diver can achieve neutral buoyancy. A third hose attaches to pressure gauges that diversuse to monitor how much air remains in the tank. A fourth hose attaches to a backup breathing device called an alternate air source, or octopus. Divers also wear a belt w...

• Venus (planet) - astronomy.

  level winds circle the planet at 360 km/h (225 mph), making a complete rotation in only four days. These winds are said to super-rotate because they travel muchfaster than the rotation of the planet itself. These high-speed winds cover the planet completely, blowing toward the west at virtually every latitude from equator topole. The motions of descending probes, however, have shown that the bulk of Venus’s tremendously dense atmosphere, closer to the planet’s surface, is almoststagnant. From th...

• Cat Family - biology.

  cats have coats that are mainly brown, yellow, or gray, often with white underbellies. The cubs of many species of cats have spotted coats, which helps hide them ingrass and underbrush from predators. Adult cats that have mainly spotted patterns in their fur include cheetahs, leopards, clouded leopards, jaguars, ocelots, margays, Geoffroy’s cat, and servals. Singlecolor coats are found in lions, pumas, and jaguarundis. Some individuals among leopards and jaguars, and more rarely in other species...

• Spanish-American War.

  A Blockade of Cuba The Navy’s basic job was to blockade the island of Cuba. If the Spanish army could be cut off from seaborne supplies from Spain, it could not maintain itself for longagainst the Cuban insurgents, let alone prepare to fight the U.S. forces. To maintain a successful blockade, the U.S. Navy would have to control the sea approaches toCuba. To accomplish this, the United States determined that the Spanish navy had to be destroyed wherever it was found. Thus the U.S. war objectives...

• Han Dynasty - History.

  However, these reforms faced serious opposition. The feudal barons formed an alliance and rebelled against Wang Mang. They were joined by members of the Liufamily, who were descended from Jingdi (Ching-ti), a former Han emperor, and a civil war followed. As the empire fell into disorder, militant secret societies formedarmed bands and attacked villages and towns. Wang Mang had believed that proper institutions would eventually bring peace to China, but in AD 23, an army led by the Liu clan brea...

• Vladimir Lenin I INTRODUCTION Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924), Russian revolutionary leader and theorist, who presided over the first government of Soviet Russia and then that of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

  with Japan ( see Russo-Japanese War). A string of military defeats and the strains placed on society by the war made for a tense atmosphere in Saint Petersburg, and by the beginning of 1905 various segments of Russian society, including students and liberal members of the nobility, were calling for political reform. When an unarmedcrowd of workers marched to the city’s Winter Palace on January 9 (or January 22, in the Western, or New Style, calendar) to submit a petition to Emperor Nicholas II,s...

• Vladimir Lenin.

  with Japan ( see Russo-Japanese War). A string of military defeats and the strains placed on society by the war made for a tense atmosphere in Saint Petersburg, and by the beginning of 1905 various segments of Russian society, including students and liberal members of the nobility, were calling for political reform. When an unarmedcrowd of workers marched to the city’s Winter Palace on January 9 (or January 22, in the Western, or New Style, calendar) to submit a petition to Emperor Nicholas II,s...

• Vladimir Lenin .

  with Japan ( see Russo-Japanese War). A string of military defeats and the strains placed on society by the war made for a tense atmosphere in Saint Petersburg, and by the beginning of 1905 various segments of Russian society, including students and liberal members of the nobility, were calling for political reform. When an unarmedcrowd of workers marched to the city’s Winter Palace on January 9 (or January 22, in the Western, or New Style, calendar) to submit a petition to Emperor Nicholas II,s...

• Skin. I INTRODUCTION Skin, outer body covering of an animal. The term skin

  III SKIN APPENDAGES In humans, the skin appendages, or structures embedded in the skin, include hair, nails, and several types of glands. Glands are groups of cells that produce andsecrete substances needed by other parts of the body. In other vertebrates, the skin appendages include scales (in fish and reptiles) and feathers (in birds). Together,the skin and the skin appendages are known as the integumentary system of the body. A Hair Hair is a distinguishing characteristic of mammals, a gro...

• Apollo Program - astronomy.

  Moon’s orbit; rendezvousing and docking with the CSM; and finally, setting a course home to Earth. On return to Earth, the spacecraft was slowed by drag from Earth’satmosphere and by parachutes (just before splashdown), before landing in the ocean. The transit time to and from the Moon was approximately three days each way.Depending on the specific mission, the time in lunar orbit ranged from less than one day for Apollo 8 to over six days for the final three missions, and the time on thelunar s...

• Apollo Program - U.

  Moon’s orbit; rendezvousing and docking with the CSM; and finally, setting a course home to Earth. On return to Earth, the spacecraft was slowed by drag from Earth’satmosphere and by parachutes (just before splashdown), before landing in the ocean. The transit time to and from the Moon was approximately three days each way.Depending on the specific mission, the time in lunar orbit ranged from less than one day for Apollo 8 to over six days for the final three missions, and the time on thelunar s...

• Ear. I INTRODUCTION Ear, organ of hearing and balance. Only vertebrates, or animals

  line or rotates in any direction. Each canal also contains sensory areas with sensory hair cells that project into a cone-shaped cap of gelatin. Two of the semicircularcanals are in a vertical position and are used to detect vertical movement, such as jumping or falling. The third canal is horizontal and detects horizontal movement,such as turning or spinning. The action of the canals depends on the inertia of the fluid inside. When the motion of the body changes, the fluid lags behind, causing...

• James Madison.

  In the spring of 1784 Madison again ran for election to the Virginia assembly, and won. He served nearly three years there, pursuing the same objectives he had foughtfor in Congress. He advocated strengthening the federal government, which was an unpopular position in Virginia, as it was in most of the states. He consistentlysupported measures, at both state and national levels, that would best safeguard the rights of the individual. Madison also continued to oppose any connection betweenchurch...

• James Madison

  In the spring of 1784 Madison again ran for election to the Virginia assembly, and won. He served nearly three years there, pursuing the same objectives he had foughtfor in Congress. He advocated strengthening the federal government, which was an unpopular position in Virginia, as it was in most of the states. He consistentlysupported measures, at both state and national levels, that would best safeguard the rights of the individual. Madison also continued to oppose any connection betweenchurch...

• James Madison - USA History.

  In the spring of 1784 Madison again ran for election to the Virginia assembly, and won. He served nearly three years there, pursuing the same objectives he had foughtfor in Congress. He advocated strengthening the federal government, which was an unpopular position in Virginia, as it was in most of the states. He consistentlysupported measures, at both state and national levels, that would best safeguard the rights of the individual. Madison also continued to oppose any connection betweenchurch...

• Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.

  A Religious Freedom Although religious freedom has not generally been curtailed in the United States, Roman Catholics, Jews, and members of such unconventional Protestant groups as theOneida Community and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have historically been discriminated against and sometimes have even been persecuted,although today overt discrimination has almost vanished. The federal Civil Rights Act of 1964, as well as many state and local laws, prohibits religious discrimi...

• Aboriginal Australians - History.

  Until Europeans began to settle in Australia in 1788, the Aboriginal way of life was supported by hunting, gathering, and fishing. Like other hunting and gatheringpeoples, Aboriginal people had an extremely detailed knowledge of their environment, especially plant ecology and animal behavior. The deep connection betweenAboriginal people and the natural world influenced every part of their culture, including their food gathering, tools, trade, religion, art, music, language, and socialorganizatio...

• Objections contre le droit de propriété. Communisme et socialisme ?

  solidairement des êtres de besoins et de désirs ? Dès lors, comment la relation à l'autre pourrait-elle faireabstraction du monde des choses ? Si l'activité humaine centrée sur le monde des choses les rabaisse au rangde marchandises, l'introduction des choses dans le champ des relations humaines ne les élève-t-elle pas aurang de signes ?¦ La vision marxienne du communisme Selon Marx, le travail, libéré de l'aliénation issue de la propriété privée des moyens de production, donneranaissance...

• Christopher Columbus I INTRODUCTION Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), Italian-born Spanish navigator who sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a route to Asia but achieved fame by making landfall in the Americas instead.

  explorers, adventurers, entrepreneurs, merchants, and any others who saw their fortunes tied to the trade winds and ocean currents. Columbus’s brother Bartholomewworked in Lisbon as a mapmaker, and for a time the brothers worked together as draftsmen and book collectors. Later that year, Columbus set sail on a convoy loadedwith goods to be sold in northern Atlantic ports. In 1478 or 1479 Columbus met and married Felipa Perestrello e Moniz, the daughter of a respected, though relatively poor, nob...

• Christopher Columbus.

  explorers, adventurers, entrepreneurs, merchants, and any others who saw their fortunes tied to the trade winds and ocean currents. Columbus’s brother Bartholomewworked in Lisbon as a mapmaker, and for a time the brothers worked together as draftsmen and book collectors. Later that year, Columbus set sail on a convoy loadedwith goods to be sold in northern Atlantic ports. In 1478 or 1479 Columbus met and married Felipa Perestrello e Moniz, the daughter of a respected, though relatively poor, nob...

• Christopher Columbus.

  explorers, adventurers, entrepreneurs, merchants, and any others who saw their fortunes tied to the trade winds and ocean currents. Columbus’s brother Bartholomewworked in Lisbon as a mapmaker, and for a time the brothers worked together as draftsmen and book collectors. Later that year, Columbus set sail on a convoy loadedwith goods to be sold in northern Atlantic ports. In 1478 or 1479 Columbus met and married Felipa Perestrello e Moniz, the daughter of a respected, though relatively poor, nob...

• Christopher Columbus - explorer.

  explorers, adventurers, entrepreneurs, merchants, and any others who saw their fortunes tied to the trade winds and ocean currents. Columbus’s brother Bartholomewworked in Lisbon as a mapmaker, and for a time the brothers worked together as draftsmen and book collectors. Later that year, Columbus set sail on a convoy loadedwith goods to be sold in northern Atlantic ports. In 1478 or 1479 Columbus met and married Felipa Perestrello e Moniz, the daughter of a respected, though relatively poor, nob...

• Réalisme et objectivité

  parallèles. Des peintres du cubisme et du fauvisme, comme Fernand Léger et André Derain, se rapprochent à nouveau, dans leurs toiles, de la réalité. 2

• Connaissance de soi et Objectivité

  La devise de Socrate « Connais-toi toi-même », gravée sur le fronton du temple de Delphes, n'invite-t-elle pas au contraire à dépasser cette connaissancede soi, pour se détacher et s'observer en tant qu'esprit pensant?

• La vérité est-elle l'objectivité ?