459 résultats pour "usa"
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Acropolis - USA History.
The Erechtheum is one of the most elaborate buildings on the Acropolis. Its plan is irregular, probably because of the sloping site and the need to preserve earlier placesof worship on the site or nearby. Porches project from three sides of the Erechtheum, but they are at different heights and are not centered on each side. GracefulIonic columns support the porches on the eastern and northern sides. Elegant caryatids (columns carved in the shape of draped female figures) support the Porch of t...
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Assyria - USA History.
villages and cities were ransacked and razed, but no attempt was made to annex their territories. In the course of time this pattern of conquest changed, and the Assyrian rulers began to make Assyria the center of a new empire by incorporating the conquered landsinto their domain, although probably not according to a conscious plan. Toward the end of the 10th century BC, for example, Adad-nirari II annexed the Aramaean state centering on Nisibis, east of the Habur River. His son, Tukulti-Ninurt...
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Babylonia - USA History.
Pharmacology, too, doubtless had made considerable progress, although the only major direct evidence of this comes from a Sumerian tablet written several centuriesbefore Hammurabi. C Legal System and Writing Law and justice were key concepts in the Babylonian way of life. Justice was administered by the courts, each of which consisted of from one to four judges. Often theelders of a town constituted a tribunal. The judges could not reverse their decisions for any reason, but appeals from their...
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Vermont - USA History.
Forests cover 78 percent of Vermont. Most of the trees are deciduous, principally the maple, elm, birch, beech, oak, hickory, ash, cherry, and butternut. The state treeis the sugar maple, which provides Vermont’s famous maple syrup. Conifers are common in some mountain areas and include mainly the white pine, red spruce,hemlock, and cedar. A great variety of ferns have been found within the state. Among the more common wildflowers that grow in Vermont are anemones, arbutuses,violets, lilacs, dai...
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Connecticut - USA History.
The state’s shoreline, when all the bays and inlets are taken into account, has a total length of 995 km (618 mi). The coastline is deeply indented by long estuaries androcky inlets, and there are many sandy beaches and stretches of tidal marsh. There are several good harbors along the coast, the most important of which is at NewHaven. A few small islands lie offshore in Long Island Sound. D Climate Connecticut has long, hot summers and cold winters. The climate does not vary greatly from place...
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Maine - USA History.
temperatures range from 17° to 21°C (62° to 70°F) with the southern interior being the warmest and the east coast and north the coolest. However, daytime summertemperatures may reach the lower 30°s C (lower 90°s F), and temperatures in winter have fallen as low as -44°C (-48°F) in the interior. D2 Precipitation Precipitation (rainfall and snowfall) in Maine is evenly distributed throughout the year. Most areas receive from 860 to 1,020 mm (34 to 40 in) yearly, although parts ofthe coast are som...
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Delaware - USA History.
D Climate Delaware has generally hot and humid summers and mild winters. D1 Temperature In July, average daytime temperatures are usually in the upper 20°s to lower 30°sC (80°sF) or even higher. But because summer nights tend to be cooler than thedays, July averages are about 24°C (about 75°F). In addition, onshore sea breezes can reduce daytime temperatures along the coast by 3 to 6 Celsius degrees (5 to 10Fahrenheit degrees). January averages range from -1°C (31°F) at Newark, in the north, t...
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Arkansas - USA History.
temperature rises to the upper 30°s C (lower 100°s F). C2 Precipitation Arkansas receives about 1,000 to 1,300 mm (about 40 to 50 in) of precipitation a year, and some areas receive even more. Most of the rain comes during winter andspring and at times is so heavy as to cause flooding. Snow is rare in the south but amounts to more than 250 mm (10 in) a year in the mountains. C3 Growing Season Arkansas has a long growing season. It averages 211 days for the state as a whole and ranges from 241...
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Colorado - USA History.
Although the rivers of Colorado are navigable only by small boats, they are important as a source of irrigation water for use in Colorado and adjoining states. However,the water level of the rivers fluctuates seasonally and from year to year. The level is generally low in winter and high in spring and summer, during the runoff of meltedsnow from the mountains. Colorado has no large lakes of natural origin, but there are numerous small lakes in the mountains. The largest bodies of water in Colora...
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Montana - USA History.
(191 sq mi), is Montana’s largest lake, and the largest natural freshwater lake in the contiguous states west of the Mississippi River. C Climate Climatic regions in Montana coincide roughly with the two major physiographic regions. In western Montana, as compared with the eastern plains area, winters tend tobe milder while summers are cooler. Precipitation is more evenly distributed throughout the year in the west, and it is cloudier and somewhat more humid in all seasons.In addition, the grow...
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Idaho - USA History.
Idaho-Montana state line in the southern part of the Bitterroot Mountains. Consequently, nearly all the rivers in the state drain toward the Pacific. Most of Idaho lieswithin the drainage basin of the Columbia River system. The Snake River, which is the chief river in southern and central Idaho, follows a crescent-shaped course forabout 790 km (about 490 mi) across southern Idaho. It then swings northward along the Idaho state line and joins the Columbia River in Washington. Major tributariesof...
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Nevada - USA History.
The Truckee, Carson, and Walker rivers flow out of the Sierra Nevada, thread their way around several of the desert ranges, and also end in closed basins. The Walkerflows into Walker Lake, the Carson into Lahontan Reservoir. The major part of the Truckee’s flow is now diverted to Lahontan Reservoir, although as required by lawsome of it empties into Pyramid Lake. Because these three streams flow constantly, the lakes into which they empty never dry up. Winnemucca Lake formerly receivedoverflow w...
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Nebraska - USA History.
by natural resource districts to limit the rate of pumping for irrigation. C Climate Nebraska has a typical continental climate with wide seasonal variations in temperature. C1 Temperature Winter temperatures below -20°C (0° F) and summer temperatures in the upper 30°s C (lower 100°s F) are common. The average January temperature varies from about -7° C (about 20° F) in the northeast to about -2° C (about 29° F) in the southwest. The average for July, thehottest month, ranges from about 26° C...
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Utah - USA History.
Temperatures decrease from the south to the north in the state. In the mountains the average temperature drops about 0.5°C (about 1°F) for every about 300 m(about 1,000 ft) rise in elevation. Average July temperatures range from less than 16°C (60°F) in the mountains to more than 27°C (80°F) in a few locations insouthern Utah. At Salt Lake City average July temperatures range from a low of 18°C (64°F) to a high of 33°C (92°F). There is a great variation between daytime andnighttime temperatures,...
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Iowa - USA History.
Okoboji, Lost Island, Silver, and West Swan lakes. In addition, reservoirs have been created by damming several smaller Iowa rivers. There are a number of largereservoirs behind dams on the Mississippi River along the Iowa state line. C Climate Iowa’s climate is characterized by warm, generally moist summers and cold winters. Temperatures vary considerably from season to season and, at times, from day today. However, monthly averages are relatively uniform throughout the state and usually vary...
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Minnesota - USA History.
C Climate Minnesota’s climate is classified as humid continental because normally there is a sufficient amount of precipitation to provide at least some surplus for runoff, andbecause Minnesota’s temperature conditions are largely controlled by its location in the interior of the large landmass of North America. The result is extreme seasonaltemperature variations. The average January temperature is about -18°C (about 0°F) in the northwest and about -10°C (about 14°F) in the south, but thetherm...
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Oklahoma - USA History.
portion and the Panhandle are classified as a steppe, where precipitation, typically 250 to 500 mm (10 to 20 in), is the controlling characteristic. January is usually the coldest month with an average of about 3°C (38°F) and extremes from -33°C (-27°F), the lowest ever recorded, to 33°C (92°F). Summer arelong and hot with temperatures in the upper 30°s C (lower 100°s F) common from May until September across the state. The growing season varies from less than 180days in the western Panhandle to...
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Kentucky - USA History.
The climate of Kentucky is characterized by warm or hot summers and cool winters. Throughout the year, temperatures do not vary greatly from place to place,although they are generally slightly lower in the Appalachian Plateaus region than elsewhere in the state. Average July temperatures are usually from 24° to 27°C (76°to 80°F) in the central and western areas and from 23° to 24°C (74° to 76°F) in the east. January averages range from below 1°C (34°F) in the northern Bluegrassregion to more tha...
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Arizona - USA History.
of the Mogollon Rim, the Little Colorado draws very little water from a relatively large watershed, usually containing a mere trickle of water in its riverbed. The ColoradoRiver’s principal tributary is the Gila River, which flows all the way across the southern part of the state from New Mexico to the California border. From the mountainsand plateaus of central Arizona, the Gila River receives the Salt, Agua Fria, and Hassayampa rivers. The Salt River is itself fed by the Verde River. The Gila...
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Michigan - USA History.
The interior location of Michigan in the northern part of North America results in a continental climate, characterized by four definite seasons with moist, mild to hotsummers and snowy, cold winters. Winds off of Lakes Michigan and Superior in winter create heavy snow accumulations in nearby areas. The tempering effects of LakeMichigan account for the presence of the state’s famous fruit-growing belt along the lake’s shore. Since the water is colder than the land in spring, the westerly windspa...
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Oregon - USA History.
B Rivers and Lakes The Columbia River forms most of the Oregon-Washington boundary, and with its tributaries this great river drains a large portion of Oregon. From the point where theColumbia first touches the state, at Wallula Gap, the river runs in a shallow gorge, deepening as it approaches the Cascades. This part of the river once had manyrapids and falls, but is now navigable by large vessels because of dams and locks that have been built along much of its length. An important tributary o...
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Missouri - USA History.
Saint Francois Mountains, at the eastern end of the crest of the dome. Only in these mountains have the sedimentary rocks been sufficiently eroded away so that theunderlying igneous rocks are exposed. They form the rounded, knoblike peaks of an old mountain range. The peaks project, in isolation or in clusters, between 230 and300 m (750 and 1,000 ft) above the surrounding sedimentary basins. One of these knobs, Taum Sauk Mountain, reaches 540 m (1,772 ft) above sea level and is thehighest point...
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Maryland - USA History.
Maryland has no large natural lakes. The largest body of water is a reservoir, Deep Creek Lake, which has a surface area of only 18 sq km (7 sq mi). It lies on theAllegheny Plateau, behind a dam on a tributary of the Youghiogheny River. C Coastline The deeply indented shoreline has a length of 5,134 km (3,190 mi), of which only 50 km (31 miles) fronts on the Atlantic Ocean. The most significant coastal feature isChesapeake Bay. In the bay are many islands and Kent Island is the largest. The sta...
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Mississippi - USA History.
The climate of Mississippi is characterized by long, hot, and humid summers and generally mild winters. The higher lands in the northeast are usually cooler than otherareas of the state. D1 Temperature Average January temperatures range from about 6° C (about 42° F) in northeastern Mississippi to about 12° C (about 54° F) along the Gulf Coast. No part of the stateis entirely free from freezing temperatures, but prolonged periods of extreme cold rarely occur. Temperatures more than 15° C (30° F)...
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Louisiana - USA History.
lakes are on the Red River and its tributaries. In addition, small oxbow lakes are numerous in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. Oxbow lakes are formed when a river cutsthrough the neck of one of its loops, or meanders, thus establishing a shorter course and leaving the former loop as a lake separate from the river. Louisiana also hassome artificially created reservoirs. C Coastline Louisiana’s long and irregular coastline extends along the Gulf of Mexico from the Pearl River on the east to the S...
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Ohio - USA History.
conflict with modified Gulf air and causing frontal or cyclonic storms. Gulf air is dominant in summer. In fall, polar air passing over Lake Erie is modified, delaying thekilling frost along the adjacent shoreline. C1 Temperatures The mean annual temperatures for the state range from 9° C (48° F) in the northeast to 13° C (55° F) in the south. Average January temperatures range from -4° C(24° F) in the west to 2° C (35° F) in the south. July averages are 24° C (76° F) in the south and 23° C (73...
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Indiana - USA History.
Michigan in Michigan. There are about 1,000 small natural lakes in Indiana, chiefly in the northern part of the state. The largest is Lake Wawasee, which covers almost 13 sq km (5 sq mi). Inthe central part of the state there are several lakes that were created behind dams on a number of smaller streams. They include Monroe Lake, near Bloomington; Geistand Eagle Creek reservoirs, northeast and northwest of Indianapolis; and Mississinewa and Huntington reservoirs, north of Marion. C Climate Most...
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Kansas - USA History.
at the adjoining cities of Kansas City, Kansas, and Kansas City, Missouri. Its chief headstreams are the Republican and Smoky Hill rivers, which join to form the KansasRiver at Junction City. Each of the headstreams has numerous tributaries. The Kansas River proper is only 270 km (170 mi) long, but the Smoky Hill River has a lengthof 870 km (540 mi), and the Republican River has a length of 720 km (450 mi). The main tributary flowing into the Kansas River is the Big Blue River. The Arkansas Rive...
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Florida - USA History.
accidentally introduced into the region in the 1880s, and it spread with alarming rapidity throughout the upper reaches of the river. The plant is very difficult toeradicate, and it has also clogged the channels of other Florida rivers. To increase drainage of the Everglades, which drain naturally to Florida Bay and the Gulf ofMexico, a number of drainage channels and canals have been built across southern Florida. Among the rivers flowing from the peninsula to the Gulf of Mexico are the Suwanne...
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Pennsylvania - USA History.
B Rivers and Lakes There are three major river basins in Pennsylvania: the Susquehanna, the Ohio, and the Delaware. Together they drain more than 90 percent of Pennsylvania’s landarea. Most of eastern and central Pennsylvania is drained by the Susquehanna and Delaware systems. The western part of the state is drained by the Allegheny andMonongahela rivers, which join at Pittsburgh to form the Ohio. In addition to the three major river basins, short streams flowing into Lake Erie drain the north...
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Illinois - USA History.
the state before joining the Mississippi River at Grafton. The Illinois has been deepened and straightened and forms part of the Illinois Waterway. The watershed between rivers that flow into the Mississippi river system and rivers that flow into the Great Lakes is low and in many places is not easily discernible. Inwhat is now the Chicago area, explorers had little difficulty portaging, or carrying, their canoes over the low watershed between the Des Plaines River, which flows intothe Illinois,...
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California - USA History.
The Basin and Range province is an arid area of mountain ranges, basins, and deserts. In California it is represented primarily by parts of the Great Basin and SonoranDesert sections. Within the Great Basin lies Death Valley, whose lowest elevation, 86 m (282 ft) below sea level, is the lowest point in the Western Hemisphere. TheSonoran Desert section is characterized by numerous flat plains separated by low but rugged ranges. It includes the extensive Mojave, or Mohave, Desert. Also in thisprov...
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Texas - USA History.
D Climate Eastern Texas has a humid subtropical climate, while a semiarid low latitude climate prevails in central areas, and an arid low latitude climate in the extreme west. Alongthe coast the climate is much milder, with fewer extremes in temperatures. Hurricanes sometimes hit the coastal areas of Texas from late July through September, andtornadoes are common in north-central Texas in April and May. D1 Temperature Summers are hot throughout the state, and temperatures exceeding 35°C (95°F)...
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Alaska - USA History.
depression surrounded by highlands and have the coldest winter and hottest summer temperatures in Alaska. Once the Kuskokwim River passes through theKuskokwim Mountains, it forms the southern edge of a vast lake-studded alluvial plain bounded on the north by the Yukon River. This water-logged lowland is a majorsummer nesting area for birds. Fairbanks is the major city in this region, while Fort Yukon is the major community in the Yukon Flats and Bethel the largest settlementon the Lower Kuskokwi...
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Le Nord-Est des USA, une primauté maintenue (histoire des USA)
Le Nord-Est, une primauté maintenue & Une géographie régionale en mutation ■ Régions traditionnelles et pôles de gravité récents. Le quart Nord Est du pays reste le cœur manufacturier des États-Unis, le siège des entreprises les plus puissantes. Mais cette primauté est entamée par des foyers industriels modernes qui se développent sur les façades littorales ou dans des centres d'innovation (technopoles et • parcs scientifiques •). ■ De nouveaux facteurs...
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Grönland - geographie.
Herstellung von Aluminium, Milchglas, Email und Fluor verwendet wird. Seit den späten siebziger Jahren sind die Vorkommen jedoch erschöpft. Auch Blei und Zink wurdenabgebaut, bis die Vorräte um 1990 ebenfalls zurückgingen. Vorkommen von Gold, Kohle und Uran sind bekannt. Der Außenhandel wird durch die 1774 gegründete,staatliche Königlich-Grönländische Handelsgesellschaft (Grønlands Handel) dominiert. Die wichtigsten Exportwaren sind Fisch und Fischprodukte, die Hauptimportgüter sind Energieträ...
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NATO - Politik.
NATO darauf im Dezember 1979 mit dem auch im Westen umstrittenen NATO-Doppelbeschluss antwortete. Der im gleichen Monat beginnende Afghanistan-Krieg derSowjetunion führte zu einer weiteren Anspannung der internationalen Lage. 1983 begann die NATO mit der 1979 im Doppelbeschluss angedrohten Stationierung von US-amerikanischen nuklearen Mittelstreckenraketen in Europa. Im Zuge der von Michail Gorbatschow eingeleiteten epochalen Neuordnung der Ost-West-Beziehungen vereinbarten die Sowjetunion und d...
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Hawaii - geographie.
Hawaii wurde vermutlich im 12. oder 13. Jahrhundert von Tahiti aus besiedelt. An der Spitze der traditionellen hawaiianischen Gesellschaft standen die Adeligen, die ihreHerkunft auf Götter zurückführten und ihre Macht auf das Prinzip des kapu stützten. Das kapu erlaubt und verbietet bestimmte Handlungen bzw. den Zutritt zu bestimmten Orten. Den Adeligen folgten die Priester und das gemeine Volk. 7.1 Entdeckung Im Januar 1779 landete James Cook in Kauai. Er nannte die Inseln, auf denen mehre...
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Irak-Krieg - Geschichte.
bedingungslosen Zugang der Inspektoren zu allen relevanten Einrichtungen. September 1996: Die USA bombardieren irakische Verteidigungsstellungen, nachdem irakische Truppen in die Kurdengebiete im Norden des Landes vorgerückt waren. 21. Juni 1997: Nach neuerlichen Behinderungen der UN-Waffeninspektoren fordert der UN-Sicherheitsrat den Irak in der Resolution 1115 ein weiteres Mal zur bedingungslosen Zusammenarbeit auf und wiederholt diese Forderung in der Resolution 1134 vom 23. Oktober. 29. O...
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Kalifornien - geographie.
Auf Bundesebene wird Kalifornien durch zwei Senatoren und 53 Abgeordnete vertreten. Bei Präsidentschaftswahlen besitzt der Bundesstaat 55 Stimmen. 6 WIRTSCHAFT Wichtige Rohstoffe sind neben Erdöl und Erdgas Quecksilber, Wolfram, Asbest, Kies, Kupfer- und Eisenerze. Große wirtschaftliche Bedeutung hat die Land- und Forstwirtschaft: In Kalifornien werden größere Mengen an landwirtschaftlichen Produkten erzeugt als in irgendeinemanderen Bundesstaat. Zu den wichtigsten Anbaufrüchten gehören u. a. T...
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Filmgeschichte.
4 DER STUMMFILM Zwischen 1909 und 1912 wurde der neu entstandene Industriezweig vollständig durch die „Motion Picture Patents Company” kontrolliert, einem Trust, zu dem sich führendeProduzenten zusammengeschlossen hatten. Sie begrenzten die Filmlänge auf einen oder zwei Akte und weigerten sich, die Namen der Darsteller im Vor- oder Abspann zuerwähnen. Im Jahr 1912 bekam dieses Monopol jedoch Konkurrenz; unabhängige Produzenten gründeten in Europa und den USA ihre eigenen Produktions- undVorführ...
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Croissance et Mondialisation depuis 1850
Le développement économique de l'Europe s'appuie également sur l'adoption du libre échange* (Grande-Bretagne 1846, France 1860), et sur l'exploitation des ressources naturelles du reste du monde (empires coloniaux notamment) *: Droits de douanes, et taxes très faibles voire nulles. Qui dit moins de taxes dit produits moins chers donc plus de commerce. Les pays européens (Grande-Bretagne et France notamment) sont à la recherche de colonies (en Afriqu...
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Winter Olympics Medal Standings.
Norway NOR 4 3 3 10 Sweden SWE 4 3 3 10 Switzerland SUI 3 4 3 10 United States of America USA 3 4 2 9 France FRA 2 1 2 5 Canada CAN 2 0 1 3 Austria AUT 1 3 4 8 Finland FIN 1 3 2 6 Belgium BEL 1 1 0 2 Italy ITA 1 0 0 1 Hungary HUN 0 1 0 1 Czechoslovakia TCH 0 1 0 1 Great Britain GBR 0 0 2 2 Source: International Olympic Committee (IOC).. Oslo, 1952.Participant Abbreviation Gold Silver Bronze Total Norway NOR 7 3 6 16 United States of America USA 4 6 1 11 Finland FIN 3 4 2 9 Austria AUT...
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Dominikanische Republik - geographie.
Reformista Social Cristiano (PRSC, Christlichsoziale Reformpartei) und der Partido de la Liberación Dominicana (PLD, Dominikanische Befreiungspartei), der sich 1973 vom PRD abgespalten hatte. 7 WIRTSCHAFT Grundlagen der Wirtschaft sind der Tourismus, die Landwirtschaft und der Bergbau. Insbesondere die Einnahmen aus dem Fremdenverkehr sind in den vergangenen Jahrenstark angestiegen. Die Wirtschaft ist aber nach wie vor auf den Export landwirtschaftlicher Güter konzentriert. Neben dem Hauptan...
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Weltraumforschung im 20.
1980 Das Very Large Array bei Socorro (New Mexico) nimmt seinen Betrieb auf.Diese Antennenanlage besteht aus 27 Y-förmig angeordnetenRadioteleskopen (Durchmesser jeweils 25 Meter). 1980-1981 Erste detaillierte Aufnahmen des Saturn-Ringsystems durch die RaumsondeVoyager 1. 1981 Am 12. April startet der zum Teil wiederverwendbare Raumtransporter(Spaceshuttle, USA) zu seinem Erstflug.Nach vier Jahren Flugzeit erreicht die amerikanische Raumsonde Voyager 2den Saturn. 1983 Der Teleskopsatellit IRAS (...
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Moderne Kunst und Architektur.
Neue Sachlichkeit hervor. Vertreter dieser Richtung waren u. a. Alexander Kanoldt, Georg Schrimpf und Christian Schad. 2.5. 2 Kubismus Der Kubismus versuchte noch radikaler als die avantgardistischen Strömungen zuvor, eine Abstraktion von der äußeren Wirklichkeit zu erreichen. Picassos Gemälde Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907, Museum of Modern Art, New York) ist hierfür das viel zitierte Musterbeispiel (siehe oben). Im Kubismus etwa Picassos und Braques (zwischen 1907 und 1914) wird der zweidi...
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Europäische Union - Politik.
Europäische Rat, das institutionalisierte Treffen der Staats- und Regierungschefs der EU. 2.2 Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik Die Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik (GASP) entstand aus der 1969/70 entwickelten und erst 1986 in der Einheitlichen Europäischen Akte (EEA) vertragsrechtlichinstitutionalisierten Europäischen Politischen Zusammenarbeit (EPZ). Im Vertrag von Maastricht (Titel V) wurde die EPZ zur GASP weiterentwickelt. Die GASP, eines der dreizentralen Elemente der EU, b...
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Europäische Union - Geschichte.
Europäische Rat, das institutionalisierte Treffen der Staats- und Regierungschefs der EU. 2.2 Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik Die Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik (GASP) entstand aus der 1969/70 entwickelten und erst 1986 in der Einheitlichen Europäischen Akte (EEA) vertragsrechtlichinstitutionalisierten Europäischen Politischen Zusammenarbeit (EPZ). Im Vertrag von Maastricht (Titel V) wurde die EPZ zur GASP weiterentwickelt. Die GASP, eines der dreizentralen Elemente der EU, b...
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Chapitre 6 : De la guerre froide aux nouvelles conflictualités
- 1962- 1975 : On parle de la détente c’est -à -dire que les 2 grands (USA et URSS) décident de dialoguer plutôt que de risquer l’affrontement car ils sont tous les 2 détenteur de l’arme nucléaire. - 1975- 1985 : La période de tension reprend du fait de l’expansion soviétique en Afghanistan et de la réponse Américaine qui décide de se doter d’un nouvel arsenal technologique (« Guerre des étoiles ») - 1985- 1991 : L’URSS n’a plus les moyens financiers de suivre la course aux armem...
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Les relations économiques internationales
1- Les évolutions structurelles Les évolutions structurelles par produit, c'est ce que l'on appelle la division internationale du travail. La DIT s'est transformée au cours des 50 à 60 dernières annéesjusque dans les années 1990, la division du travail à l'échelle internationale consistait à ce que les pays industrialisés exportent des produits manufacturés etimportent des produits primaires en provenance essentiellement des pays en voie de développement. On parle alors d'ancienne DIT. Une divis...