Kazakhstan Facts and Figures.

Kazakhstan Facts and Figures. BASIC FACTS Official name Capital Area Republic of Kazakhstan Astana 2,717,300 sq km 1,049,200 sq mi PEOPLE Population 15,340,533 (2008 estimate) Population growth Population growth rate 0.37 percent (2008 estimate) Projected population in 2025 16,041,146 (2025 estimate) Projected population in 2050 15,099,700 (2050 estimate) Population density 5.7 persons per sq km (2008 estimate) 15 persons per sq mi (2008 estimate) Urban/rural distribution Share urban 56 percent (2005 estimate) Share rural 44 percent (2005 estimate) Largest cities, with population Almaty 1,209,000 (2007 estimate) Qaraghandy 434,300 (2000 estimate) S hymkent 359,600 (2000 estimate) Öskemen 311,300 (1999 estimate) Semey 269,800 (1999 estimate) Ethnic groups Kazakh (Qazaq) 46 percent Russian 35 percent Ukrainian 5 percent G erman 3 percent Uzbek 2 percent Tatar 2 percent O ther 7 percent Languages Kazakh (Qazaq, official language); Russian (language of interethnic communication) Religious affiliations Muslim 43 percent Atheist 11 percent Orthodox Christian Roman Catholic Nonreligious O ther 10 percent 3 percent 29 percent 4 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATION Life expectancy Total 67.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 73.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 62.2 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 27 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 258 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 130 people (2006) Literacy rate Total 99.6 percent (1995) Female 99.5 percent (1995) Male 99.7 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Number of years of compulsory schooling Number of students per teacher, primary school 3.2 percent (2002-2003) 11 years (2002-2003) 19 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENT Form of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution Armed forces Total number of military personnel Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) Adopted 6 September 1995; amended 1998 65,800 (2004) 1.5 percent (2003) ECONOMY Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$) $81 billion (2006) GDP per capita (U.S.$) $5,291.50 (2006) GDP by economic sector Agriculture, forestry, fishing 5.9 percent (2006) I ndustry 42.1 percent (2006) Services 52 percent (2006) Employment Number of workers 8,121,887 (2006) Workforce share of economic sector Agriculture, forestry, fishing 32 percent (2006) I ndustry 18 percent (2006) Services 49 percent (2004) Unemployment rate 7.8 percent (2006) National budget (U.S.$) Total revenue $13,616 million (2006) Total expenditure $11,844 million (2006) Monetary unit 1 tenge (T), consisting of 100 tein Major trade partners for exports Russia, Bermuda, Italy, China, and Germany Major trade partners for imports Russia, Germany, United States, Italy, and United Kingdom ENERGY, COMMUNICATIONS, AND TRANSPORTATION Electricity production Electricity from thermal sources 84.33 percent (2003 estimate) Electricity from hydroelectric sources 15.67 percent (2003 estimate) Electricity from nuclear sources 0 percent (2003 estimate) Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources 0 percent (2003 estimate) Number of radios per 1,000 people 395 (1997) Number of telephones per 1,000 people 167 (2004) Number of televisions per 1,000 people 233 (2000 estimate) Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people 13 (2003) Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people 30 (1996) Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people Paved road as a share of total roads 100 (2004) 84 percent (2006) SOURCES Basic Facts and People sections Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org). Health and Education section Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Government section Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance. Economy section Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the statistical bureaus of individual countries, latest Europa World Yearbook, and various United Nations and International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications. Energy, Communication, and Transportation section Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Note Figures may not total 100 percent due to rounding. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.