Neodymium - chemistry.

Neodymium - chemistry. Neodymium (Greek neos + didymos, "new twin"), symbol Nd, silvery metallic element with an atomic number of 60. Neodymium is one of the rare earth elements in the lanthanide series of the periodic table (see Periodic Law). Neodymium was isolated in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach, who separated it from praseodymium. Neodymium and praseodymium had previously been regarded as a single element, called didymium. Neodymium occurs in the minerals bastnasite and monazite, as do many of the rare earth elements. Neodymium ranks about 27th in order of abundance of the elements in Earth's crust. It forms trivalent salts, which are rose-red or reddish-violet in color. The metal's oxide, Nd2O 3, is used in the glass of color-television tubes to increase contrast, and in lasers. Neodymium melts at about 1021°C (about 1870°F), boils at about 3074°C (about 5565°F), and has a specific gravity of 7.01. The atomic weight of neodymium is 144.24. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.