Numa Pompillius
Publié le 22/02/2012
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Roman The legendary second
king of Rome, who succeeded Romulus to the
throne; eventually seen as an agricultural deity.
Upon the death of Romulus, the legendary
founder of the city of Rome, the citizens and senate
of the city invited Numa to be their king. At that
time, Numa, who was about 40 years old, was living
a life of seclusion in a Sabine town, mourning the
death of his wife. He had established himself as a man
of peace, fairness, and justice. After the warlike beginning
of their city under the powerful and military
influence of Romulus, and a year of oppression under
the alternating rule of the senators, the people sought
a leader to establish order and justice. Numa, legend
tells, had the traits they needed. In addition, his birth
as a Sabine would help unite the different peoples
living in the expanding city at that time.
Numa's first objective was to establish order in
Rome. He divided conquered lands equitably among
people and established boundaries. He introduced
the people to the god Terminus, who helped them
learn to respect borders and property lines.
Then Numa turned his attention to establishing
religious rites. In this work Numa received magical
help from the Nymph Egeria, with whom he had a
close relationship. Egeria was his teacher and mentor.
She provided Numa with the ceremonies he would
need to give to his people and taught him how to
properly worship the gods and goddesses.
Numa also had magical powers. He could summon
gods, contain them at his feasts and festivals and
coerce them into helping him. At one feast, he mixed
wine with water and used it to summon and trap
Faunus and Picus, two rural gods, who then taught
him how to summon the great god Jupiter. Once
Numa had Jupiter in his grasp, the king persuaded
the god to stop requiring human sacrifices.
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