World Chess Champions, 1859-present The world chess champion was an informal title from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.
Publié le 11/05/2013
Extrait du document
World Chess Champions, 1859-present The world chess champion was an informal title from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century. The Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) held the first official World Chess Championship in 1948.. Player Year Men Adolf Anderssen (Germany) 1859-1866 Wilhelm Steinitz (Bohemia) 1866-1894 Emanuel Lasker (Germany) 1894-1921 José Raúl Capablanca (Cuba) 1921-1927 Alexander Alekhine1 (Russian-born) 1927-1935 Max Euwe (The Netherlands) 1935-1937 Alexander Alekhine1 (Russian-born) 1937-1946 Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR) 1948-1957 Vassily Smyslov (USSR) 1957-1958 Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR) 1958-1960 Mikhail Tal (USSR) 1960-1961 Mikhail Botvinnik (USSR) 1961-1963 Tigran Petrosian (USSR) 1963-1969 Boris Spassky (USSR) 1969-1972 Bobby Fischer (United States) 1972-1975 Anatoly Karpov (USSR) 1975-1985 Garry Kasparov2, 3, 6 (USSR/Russia) 1985-2000 Anatoly Karpov4 (Russia) 1993-1999 Aleksandr Khalifman4 (Russia) 1999-2000 Viswanathan Anand4 (India) 2000-2001 Ruslan Ponomariov4 (Ukraine) 2001-2004 Rustam Kasimdzhanov4 (Uzbekistan) 2004-2005 Veselin Topalov (Bulgaria) 2005-2006 Vladimir Kramnik (Russia) 2006-2007 Viswanathan Anand (India) 2007- Women5 Vera Menchik (USSR) 1927-1944 Ludmilla Rudenko (USSR) 1950-1953 Elizaveta Bykova (USSR) 1953-1956 Olga Rubtsova (USSR) 1956-1958 Elizaveta Bykova (USSR) 1958-1962 Nona Gaprindashvili (USSR) 1962-1978 Maya Chiburdanidze (USSR) 1978-1991 Xie Jun (China) 1991-1996 Zsuzsa Polgár (Hungary) 1996-1999 Xie Jun (China) 1999-2001 Zhu Chen (China) 2001-2004 Antoaneta Stefanova (Bulgaria) 2004-2006 Xu Yuhua (China) 2006- Alekhine was a French citizen when he became world champion. He held the title when he died in 1946. 1 In 1993 Kasparov split with the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) to start his own organization but remained the world's top-ranked player. 2 3 Represented the USSR until its dissolution in 1991. 4 FIDE champion. 5 All women's champions determined by FIDE. In 2000 Kasparov competed in the Classical World Championship and was defeated by his pupil, Vladimir Kramnik. Kasparov retired from competitive chess in 2005. 6 Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Liens utiles
- World Chess Champions, 1859-present.
- Art Nouveau I INTRODUCTION Detail of Art Nouveau Decoration This detail of a door decoration from a building constructed in the early 20th century in Milan, Italy, illustrates the stylistic themes associated with art nouveau.
- Modern Art I INTRODUCTION American Gothic American Gothic was painted by the 20th-century American artist Grant Wood in 1930.
- Arabic Literature I INTRODUCTION Arabic Literature, literature written in the Arabic language, from the 6th century to the present.
- English Literature I INTRODUCTION English Literature, literature produced in England, from the introduction of Old English by the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century to the present.