Devoir de Philosophie

droit de vote des femmes en angleterre

Publié le 24/04/2016

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Nowadays, women have fewer rights than men do. This is a fact even if the equality between men and women has progressed a lot since the XXth century. I chose to study how women won more rights in the past, especially the right to vote for women in the United-Kingdom. Indeed, in the IXX° century, women did not have any place in the politic scene. They were less paid than man (â…” less) and they did not have her own identity: women were attached to their husband. It was because men were in the public sphere, and women had to remain in the private space. The struggle for the right to vote was very difficult and they used very different means to acquire it. In spite of the repression, they succeeded and we'll see that the activist way is more efficient than the constitutional way. First, the NUWSS (National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies) was the constitutional way and it was founded in 1897. Then, the WSPU (Women's Social and Political Union) appeared in 1903 and it was the activist way. In 1884, a law granted the right to possess their own body to women. It was a great progress but several inequalities persisted. It was the beginning of the struggle for the right to vote. A movement was created in 1897 by Millicent G...
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« linked to it.

This event is the departure of some English people in South Africa to find gold.

Africaners  didn't recognize them as citizens.

The United-Kingdom decided to declare war to South Africa.

From this moment on, suffragists began to wonder: why does this government lead a war for Englishmen's rights in South Africa and for the same rights they refused to us? The NUWSS carried his movement on but some of the Suffragists found it not enough radical.

Then, in 1903 the movement split in half and from this division, a new movement was created.

Emmeline Pankhurst is the leader and the creator of the WSPU: Women's Social and Political Union. They are called “the suffragettes”.

They chose a strategy of confrontation.

The suffragists have been ignored by the government for twenty years.

The suffragettes wanted people to talk about themselves -in good or bad whatever.

With this aim in mind, they did forgivent protest march, or also chained themselves to the Parliament.

In 1906, there was an election.

The Conservatives lost, and the Liberal party won: the Prime Minister was Henry Campbell-Bannerman.

This election was a big hope for the Suffragettes because the Liberal party was most in favor of the women's right to vote than the Conservative party.

Unfortunately, they didn't give anything to women.

Actions became more and more violent.

In 1907, the Suffragettes organized a protest march which gathered 5 000 women.

But the Prime Minister said that it was not so much and not enough.

Then, in 1908 the Suffragettes organized another protest march and 50 000 women took part in it.

It was an incredible rallying of women: they had never seen that before! In 1910, on November 18th, Emmeline Pankhusrt went to the Parliament with 300 women because the project of women's right to vote has been given up.

The police repression was huge and 100 women were arrested.

Emmeline Pankhusrt's sister died of her damage four months after.

On March 1st 1912, women broke several shop windows to protest.

After that, they decided to attack official buildings.

On June 4th 1913, Emily Wilding Davison was at the Epsom Derby.

She pounced on the King's horse (she apparently wanted to hang a WSPU scarf to the horse), and she died 4 days after.

By this act, she showed the Suffragettes struggle to the entire world (The Epson Derby was filmed).

Her funeral was impressive: 250,000 people were on the road to see her coffin and to pay tribute to her.

It was the greatest feminist round-up never seen.

In 1914, it was the beginning of the First World War.

Emmeline Pankhurst negotiated with the government for the liberation of all the Suffragettes in jail.

In exchange, she accepted to stop the violent actions and to participate to the war effort.

In 1916 a new Prime Minister was elected.

In 1918,. »

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