1588 résultats pour "years"

• Segregation in the United States - U.

  acts of discrimination. Writing for the court, Justice Joseph Bradley declared: “When a man has emerged from slavery, and by the aid of beneficent legislation ... theremust be some stage in the progress of his elevation when he takes the rank of a mere citizen, and ceases to be the special favorite of the laws, and when his rights as acitizen, or a man, are to be protected in the ordinary modes by which other men’s rights are protected.” Rather than being the “special favorites” of the law, blac...

• Christianity.

  history of architecture. See Basilica; Church; Early Christian Art and Architecture;Prayer. C Christian Life The instruction and exhortation of Christian preaching and teaching concern all the themes of doctrine and morals: the love of God and the love of neighbor, the twochief commandments in the ethical message of Jesus (see Matthew 22: 34-40). Application of these commandments to the concrete situations of human life, bothpersonal and social, does not produce a uniformity of moral or polit...

• Italian Literature I INTRODUCTION Italian Literature, literature written in the Italian language from about the 13th century to the present.

  Dante’s Inferno and PurgatoryThis illustration comes from a late Gothic edition of The Divine Comedy by the great Italian poet Dante Alighieri. Lucifer,the devil, is at the center of Earth, and the mouth of hell, the inferno, opens below him. At the opposite pole is a mountainleading to purgatory. The manuscript is in the National Library in Florence, Italy.Scala/Art Resource, NY Dante is one of the great figures of world literature. He is remarkable for the loftiness of his thought, the vividne...

• Uzbekistan - country.

  E Environmental Issues The evaporation of the Aral Sea is one of the worst ecological disasters in the world. The Aral has shrunk so much that it now holds only about one-fifth the volume ofwater it held in 1960. The shrinkage is due to irrigation withdrawals from the Amu Darya and Syr Darya, a practice that began on a massive scale in the early 1960s aspart of the Soviet Union’s ill-conceived drive to increase cotton yields in Central Asia. Growing cotton in the naturally arid and saline soil...

• Kangaroos.

  In captivity with plenty of food and water, large kangaroos can live up to 28 years. Smaller kangarooshave shorter lives. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

• Sujet 4 ♦ Sujet national, juin 2006, série L, LVI 5 10 15 Midway through the ninth year oflrma's employment,...

  Sujet 4 ♦ Sujet national, juin 2006, série L, LVI 5 10 15 Midway through the ninth year oflrma's employment, Dr Marilyn Lattimore came down with an uncharacteristic cold and was home for two days. lt was in the breakfast room that the conversation took place. Dr Marilyn sat reading the paper and sipping tea and dabbing at her red, drippy nose. Irma was in the adjoining kitchen, had removed the covers of the stove-burners and was scrubbing them single-mindedly. "Do you believe this, Irma? A w...

• William Faulkner.

  published shortly before his death the same year. Selected Letters of William Faulkner , edited by Joseph Blotner, was issued in 1977. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

• The Record Jump.

  circuit in the United States before retiring from competition. Eventually he would complete a degree in sociology and go on to be a coach and educator. It tookanother 15 years before his successors even reached the 8.53 m (28 ft) mark. And until 1991, when Mike Powell of the United States jumped 8.95 m (29 ft 4 1/2 in),Bob Beamon's extraordinary record had stood unsurpassed. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

• East India Company .

  French control to southern India, where it remained supreme until 1761, when the British captured Pondicherry. The operations of the company were finally suspendedby royal decree in 1769, and in the following year it turned over its capital of more than 500 million livres to the Crown. In 1785 a new company received commercialprivileges, but this company was abolished in 1794 during the time of the French Revolution. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights res...

• Tampa - geography.

  tennis. V ECONOMY Since 1980 metropolitan Tampa has become the foremost banking, commercial, and services center in the western part of the Florida Peninsula. The city is home to manyhigh-technology companies including biomedical and information technology firms and manufacturers of medical products. Large new office complexes have been built nearBrandon along interstates 75 and 4 in the eastern suburbs and most importantly at Westshore adjacent to Tampa International Airport in the west; downt...

• Gehrig Bids Farewell.

  “We want Lou! We want Lou!” the crowd chanted. The emcee looked over to Gehrig. Gehrig slowly shook his head from side to side. Workers began removing thesound equipment. Gehrig headed for the dugout but then turned around. McCarthy said something to him, which the New York Times lip-read as, “Come on, Lou, just rap out another.” Gehrig held up his hand to get the crowd's attention, swallowed hard, and forced a smile. Fiddling with his cap and scratching at the turf with his cleats, he spo...

• Basketball Hall of Fame.

  Lanier, Bob 1992 Lapchick, Joe 1966 Lemon, Meadowlark 2003 Lieberman-Cline, Nancy 1996 Lloyd, Earl 2003 Lovellette, Clyde 1988 Lucas, Jerry 1979 Luisetti, Angelo (Hank) 1959 Macauley, C. Edward 1960 Malone, Moses 2001 Maravich, Peter P. 1987 Marcari, Hortência de Fátima 2005 Martin, Slater 1981 McAdoo, Bob 2000 McCracken, Branch 1960 McCracken, Jack 1962 McDermott, Bobby 1988 McGuire, Dick 1993 McHale, Kevin 1999 Meneghin, Dino 2003 Meyers, Ann 1993 Mikan, George L. 1959 Mikkelson, Vern 1995 Mil...

• Basketball Hall of Fame Players.

  Lanier, Bob 1992 Lapchick, Joe 1966 Lemon, Meadowlark 2003 Lieberman-Cline, Nancy 1996 Lloyd, Earl 2003 Lovellette, Clyde 1988 Lucas, Jerry 1979 Luisetti, Angelo (Hank) 1959 Macauley, C. Edward 1960 Malone, Moses 2001 Maravich, Peter P. 1987 Marcari, Hortência de Fátima 2005 Martin, Slater 1981 McAdoo, Bob 2000 McCracken, Branch 1960 McCracken, Jack 1962 McDermott, Bobby 1988 McGuire, Dick 1993 McHale, Kevin 1999 Meneghin, Dino 2003 Meyers, Ann 1993 Mikan, George L. 1959 Mikkelson, Vern 1995 Mil...

• Brown v.

  In April 1955 the court heard 13 hours of arguments over four days on how to end segregation in the public schools. Ultimately, in what is popularly known as Brown II (1955), the Supreme Court turned the implementation of desegregation over to the federal district courts in the South. The district courts were ordered to desegregateschools with “all deliberate speed,” an ambiguous phrase that allowed many Southern judges to avoid desegregation for years. Linda Brown did not attend an integrateds...

• The Undefeated Dolphins.

  The Dolphins weren't seriously challenged during the remainder of the regular season. They defeated the St. Louis Cardinals, 31-10; the Patriots, 37-21; the NewYork Giants, 23-13; and the Colts, 16-0. In the playoffs Miami defeated the Cleveland Browns, 20-14, and then captured the American Football Conference (AFC)championship by downing the Pittsburgh Steelers, 21-17. Miami's opponent in Super Bowl VII was the Washington Redskins. The Redskins had finished the regular season with an 11-3 r...

• Biographie Cristiano Ronaldo anglais

  For me, Ronaldo is the best current forward; he managed to get the Ballon d’Or this year yet. He is a good football player on the field but also outside, he helps children and he gave a lot of money to charity. He always gives himself thoroughly whether during matches and training. So certainly he is arrogant, but he is an example for the entire football community. - How did he learn football? - How many Ballon d’Or did he win? - Who was his model? And why? - Are you wor...

• Mohandas Gandhi I INTRODUCTION Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948), Indian nationalist leader, who established his country's freedom through a nonviolent revolution.

  released two years later because of failing health. By 1944 the Indian struggle for independence was in its final stages, the British government having agreed to independence on condition that the two contendingnationalist groups, the Muslim League and the Congress Party, should resolve their differences. Gandhi stood steadfastly against the partition of India but ultimately hadto agree, in the hope that internal peace would be achieved after the Muslim demand for separation had been satisfied....

• Mohandas Gandhi.

  released two years later because of failing health. By 1944 the Indian struggle for independence was in its final stages, the British government having agreed to independence on condition that the two contendingnationalist groups, the Muslim League and the Congress Party, should resolve their differences. Gandhi stood steadfastly against the partition of India but ultimately hadto agree, in the hope that internal peace would be achieved after the Muslim demand for separation had been satisfied....

• Mohandas Gandhi - History.

  released two years later because of failing health. By 1944 the Indian struggle for independence was in its final stages, the British government having agreed to independence on condition that the two contendingnationalist groups, the Muslim League and the Congress Party, should resolve their differences. Gandhi stood steadfastly against the partition of India but ultimately hadto agree, in the hope that internal peace would be achieved after the Muslim demand for separation had been satisfied....

• Great White Shark - biology.

  The great white shark is a rare species that takes long to reach sexual maturity and that reproduces slowly. Populations cannot easily increase if depleted. The biggestthreat to great whites comes from being unintentionally caught in fishing nets. Some targeted fisheries and sport fishing for great white sharks also occur. Trade ingreat white shark products includes the jaws (which can sell for thousands of dollars as curios), individual teeth, and leather from its skin. Fins from all sharks, in...

• Winnipeg - Geography.

  about to become a territory of the Dominion of Canada, the Métis seized Upper Fort Garry because Canadian expansion was a threat to their own territorial claims andto their unique way of life. This began the Red River Rebellion, which ended with Canada’s 1870 agreement to make Manitoba a self-governing province. Winnipeg wasmade the provincial capital. The young city came into its own after 1885, when the Canadian Pacific Railway was extended to the Pacific Coast, but it did not really boom unti...

• Boxing Champions.

  1992 Riddick Bowe 1992-1994 Lennox Lewis 1994-1995 Oliver McCall 1995-1996 Frank Bruno 1996 Mike Tyson 1997-2001 Lennox Lewis 2001 Hasim Rahman 2001-2004 Lennox Lewis 2004-2005 Vitali Klitschko 2005-2006 Hasim Rahman 2006- Oleg Maskaev IBF Champions (Since 1983)1983-1985 Larry Holmes 1985-1987 Michael Spinks 1987 Tony Tucker 1987-1990 Mike Tyson 1990 James 'Buster' Douglas 1990-1992 Evander Holyfield 1992-1993 Riddick Bowe 1993-1994 Evander Holyfield 1994 Michael Moorer 1994-1995 George Foreman...

• Boxing Champions World Heavyweight Champions.

  1992 Riddick Bowe 1992-1994 Lennox Lewis 1994-1995 Oliver McCall 1995-1996 Frank Bruno 1996 Mike Tyson 1997-2001 Lennox Lewis 2001 Hasim Rahman 2001-2004 Lennox Lewis 2004-2005 Vitali Klitschko 2005-2006 Hasim Rahman 2006- Oleg Maskaev IBF Champions (Since 1983)1983-1985 Larry Holmes 1985-1987 Michael Spinks 1987 Tony Tucker 1987-1990 Mike Tyson 1990 James 'Buster' Douglas 1990-1992 Evander Holyfield 1992-1993 Riddick Bowe 1993-1994 Evander Holyfield 1994 Michael Moorer 1994-1995 George Foreman...

• THAT LONE.

  MY FEELINGS   They areannouncing flightsoverthespeakers. Wearenot listening. Theydonot matter tous, because weare not going anywhere. I miss youalready, Oskar.Imissed youeven when Iwas with you.That's beenmyproblem. Imiss what Ialready have, and Isurround myselfwiththings thataremissing. Every timeIput inanew page, Ilook atyour grandfather. Iam sorelieved tosee hisface. Itmakes mefeel safe. His shoulders arepinched. Hisspine iscurved. InDresden hewas agiant. I'mglad thathishands arestill rough....

• Vincent van Gogh I INTRODUCTION Church at Auvers by Van Gogh Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh spent the last months of his life in Auvers-sur-Oise, near Paris, under the care of Dr.

  III PARIS Van Gogh's Self-PortraitThe burning eyes of this Self-Portrait are an example of how 19th-century Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh attempted tocapture the human essence and emotions of his subjects. During the last several years of his life, van Gogh created anumber of self-portraits. The expressive brushstrokes and vibrant colors in these paintings are typical of this later style.Bridgeman/Art Resource, NY In 1886 van Gogh went to live with Théo in Paris, where he became familiar with...

• Nixon's Checkers Speech Under attack for having used a secret campaign fund for his personal expenses, Richard M.

  The first way is to be a rich man. I don't happen to be a rich man so I couldn't use that. Another way that is used is to put your wife on the payroll. Let me say, incidentally, my opponent, my opposite number for the Vice Presidency on the Democraticticket, does have his wife on the payroll. And has had her on his payroll for the ten years—the past ten years. Now just let me say this. That's his business and I'm not critical of him for doing that. You will have to pass judgment on that particul...

• Nova - astronomy.

  When first discovered, the spectrum of a nova shows that the expanding layers of gas that cause the brightening have temperatures of 40,000° to 50,000° C (70,000°to 90,000° F)—about eight times as hot as the surface of the Sun. By the time a nova reaches maximum brightness, the temperature of the material has fallen to about10,000° C (about 20,000° F), or lower. Just after maximum brightness, the escaping cloud of gas cools and expands enough to become transparent. This transparency allows astro...

• Great Lakes - Geography.

  of 1972 and 1978, have focused on water-quality problems in the Great Lakes. The International Joint Commission on the Great Lakes, established under the BoundaryWaters Treaty, implements and oversees these agreements and has limited authority to regulate obstructions or diversions of boundary waters that would affect thenatural level or flow of lake waters. B Exotic Species The fish populations of the lakes have changed dramatically in the 20th century; changes were wrought at first by overfis...

• Chiang Kai-shek - History.

  Even one of Chiang's allied commanders, Zhang Xueliang, who had been expelled from Manchuria after the Mukden Incident, came to doubt the wisdom of Chiang'sapproach. In 1936 Zhang held Chiang prisoner in Xi'an until Chiang agreed to join the Communists in an allied front against Japan. Chiang later denied making anyagreement. On July 7, 1937, near the Marco Polo Bridge on the outskirts of Beijing, a Chinese patrol and Japanese troops on a training exercise clashed, and full-scalewar broke out be...

• Domestic Violence.

  socialization teaches boys and girls a belief system that devalues women—especially unmarried women—and creates a sense of female responsibility for themaintenance of the family. Women who believe that the end of a relationship or of a marriage represents a personal failure are less likely to leave abusive relationships. V TREATMENT AND PREVENTION A variety of programs and services, both for victims and offenders, exist to treat and prevent domestic violence. Since 1964, more than 1800 shelters...

• Metropolitan Museum of Art.

  B Ancient Near Eastern Art The objects in this department range from a vast geographical area in southwest Asia and northeast Africa from around 5000 BC to around AD 600. Notable works include Assyrian reliefs from the palace of King Ashurnasirpal II at Calah (now Nimrud, Iraq), Sumerian sculpture, Anatolian ivories, Iranian bronzes, and Achaemenidand Sassanian works in silver and gold. C Arms and Armor This department is renowned for its collection of European armor from the Middle Ages (5t...

• Assisted Suicide.

  regardless of the fairness of the procedures used (substantive due process). In the Glucksberg case, the Court indicated that the liberty interest protected by the 14th Amendment does not encompass the right to determine the timing and manner of one’s own death. The Court’s decision means that each state may determine whetheror not to prohibit or permit (and otherwise regulate) assisted suicide. In 2006 the Court upheld Oregon’s law permitting physician-assisted suicide. In a 6-to-3 decision,...

• Genetic Engineering.

  Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterium. The genetically altered Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterium produces light in proportion to the amount of its activity in breaking down the naphthalene, thus providing a way to monitor the efficiency of the process ( see Bioremediation). A3 Medicine In 1982 the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the first time the medical use of a recombinant DNA protein, the hormone insulin, whichhad been cloned in large quantities by inserting th...

• Rio de Janeiro (city) - geography.

  were coronated; and Our Lady of Candelária Church, thought by some to be the city’s most beautiful church. Another building of interest is the Imperial Palace, located several blocks west of Santos Dumont Airport. Originally constructed as Brazil’s colonial governor’s capitol in1743, it was converted to the royal palace during the city’s period as an imperial capital. It has recently been restored and now houses a cultural center. Otherimpressive 19th-century palaces include Itamaraty and Catete...

• United States (Overview) - country.

  parts. IV UNITED STATES PEOPLE When Europeans first reached North America in the 1520s, they encountered other people—Native Americans—and they also encountered a new geography. Someimagined they were entering “a howling wilderness”—an environment filled with exotic flora and fauna but sparsely populated. In reality, they found their way to alandmass that was widely settled. But soon after the Europeans’ arrival, the population of the Americas plummeted, largely because Native Americans lacked...

• Central America - Geography.

  F Animal Life Most of the animal life of Central America is similar to that of South America, but some animals have ties with North America. The marley and opossum have links withSouth America, as do the jaguar, ocelot, jaguarundi, and margay, which are members of the cat family. In contrast, the puma, gray fox, and coyote are of NorthAmerican origin. The armadillo, anteater, and sloth have ties to the south, deer to the north. The large manatee, an aquatic plant eater, survives in the isolated...

• Athens (Greece) - geography.

  At the heart of the modern city is Syntagma (Constitution) Square, located east of the Acropolis. The square is bordered by the national Parliament Building, originally aroyal palace completed in 1842 for King Otto I. Nearby is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which features a daily changing of the guard. Several of the city’s principalhotels as well the offices of major banks and airline companies also face the square. Behind the Parliament Building is the National Gardens, a public park that i...

• Jupiter (planet) - astronomy.

  Beneath the supercritical fluid zone, the pressure reaches 3 million Earth atmospheres. At this depth, the atoms collide so frequently and violently that the hydrogenatoms are ionized—that is, the negatively charged electrons are stripped away from the positively charged protons of the hydrogen nuclei. This ionization results in asea of electrically charged particles that resembles a liquid metal and gives rise to Jupiter’s magnetic field. This liquid metallic hydrogen zone is 30,000 to 40,000 k...

• Renaissance Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Renaissance Composition During the Renaissance (15th and 16th centuries) artists discovered new ways to help them create more realistic and compelling images.

  with reliefs, had been familiar for centuries. A Early Renaissance Sculpture Ghiberti’s Gates of ParadiseThe Gates of Paradise are bronze doors created by Italian Renaissance sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti between 1425 and 1452for the east entrance to the baptistery of the Florence Cathedral in Italy. This detail, showing Isaac and Esau, is from oneof the doors' ten panels, each of which illustrates a story from the Bible. Ghiberti endowed the scenes with volume, depth,and movement, and helped initi...

• Wars of Yugoslav Succession.

  of Yugoslav succession was over. In January 1992 members of the European Community (EC; after 1993 the European Union, EU) recognized Slovenia’s independencealong with that of Croatia. The United States and other countries did so shortly thereafter. IV THE WAR IN CROATIA As the Yugoslav army withdrew from Slovenia in July 1991, a second and far more serious conflict erupted in Croatia. But the road to war in Croatia began more than ayear earlier. In April and May 1990 the Croatian Democratic U...

• Wars of Yugoslav Succession .

  of Yugoslav succession was over. In January 1992 members of the European Community (EC; after 1993 the European Union, EU) recognized Slovenia’s independencealong with that of Croatia. The United States and other countries did so shortly thereafter. IV THE WAR IN CROATIA As the Yugoslav army withdrew from Slovenia in July 1991, a second and far more serious conflict erupted in Croatia. But the road to war in Croatia began more than ayear earlier. In April and May 1990 the Croatian Democratic U...

• Insect - biology.

  they almost always have six legs. In some insects, such as beetles, the legs are practically identical, but in other insects each pair is a slightly different shape. Still otherinsects have specialized leg structures. Examples are praying mantises, which have grasping and stabbing forelegs armed with lethal spines, and grasshoppers andfleas, which have large, muscular hind legs that catapult them into the air. Mole crickets’ front legs are modified for digging, and backswimmers have hind legs de...

• Rio de Janeiro (city) - geography.

  city’s architecture from the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries stands in dramatic contrast with its ultramodern Petrobras building, headquarters of the state petroleumcompany, and the avant-garde Metropolitan Cathedral. The city’s most famous landmarks are Pão de Açúcar (404 m/1,325 ft), which is situated on a peninsula jutting intoGuanabara Bay and is known as Sugar Loaf Mountain in English, and the massive (40 m/131 ft) Christ the Redeemer statue, which overlooks the city from the top ofCorcovado...

• Serbia Facts and Figures.

  Infant mortality rate 12 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Literacy rateTotal Not available Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling Not available GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution Adopted 8 November 2006 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military expenditures as a shar...

• Montenegro Facts and Figures.

  Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Not available Number of years of compulsory schooling Not available GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 19 October 2007 Armed forcesTotal number of military personnel Not available Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) Not available ECONOMYGross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$) 2.5 billion (2006...

• Dinosaurs.

  protected their necks. Ankylosaurus was about 33 feet (10 meters) long. ORNITHOPODS Ornithopods were once the most numerous plant-eating dinosaurs. There were many different kinds.Over time, ornithopods developed broad beaks. These later ornithopods are called duck-billed dinosaurs.Some ornithopods were small and ran fast. Others were huge. Iquanodon, for example, was 25 feet (7.5 meters) long. PACHYCEPHALOSAURS These dinosaurs walked on two feet. They had thick, dome-shaped skulls. Scienti...

• Sir Christopher Wren I INTRODUCTION Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723), English architect, scientist, and mathematician, who is considered his country's foremost architect.

  Saint Paul’s Cathedral, LondonSaint Paul’s Cathedral, a major London landmark and the greatest achievement of architect Sir Christopher Wren, is a fineexample of English Baroque architecture. It was completed in 1710 and replaced the older cathedral that had beendestroyed in the Great Fire of 1666.Courtesy of Liesel Stanbridge Wren's designs for St. Paul's Cathedral were accepted in 1675, and he superintended the building of the vast baroque structure until its completion in 1710. It ranks asone...

• Sierra Leone Facts and Figures.

  Literacy rateTotal 36.3 percent (2000) Female 22.6 percent (2000) Male 50.7 percent (2000) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 1 percent (1998-1999) Number of years of compulsory schooling Not available Number of students per teacher, primary school 30 students per teacher (1999-2000) GOVERNMENTForm of governmentA military coup toppled the civilian government (elected in February 1996) in May 1997; civilian rule returned in February 1998. Voting qualificat...

• Oman Facts and Figures.

  Infant mortality rate 18 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 758 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 500 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 78.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 70.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 84.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.8 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling Not available Number of students per teacher, primary school 21 students per teach...

• Walt Disney I INTRODUCTION Walt Disney Walt Disney, an American cartoonist and film producer, started an entertainment empire with his creation of animated movies and world-renowned amusement parks.

  Donald DuckDonald Duck waves to visitors at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida. The Disney Studios created the excitable duck in1934.Kelly-Mooney Photography/Corbis In 1923 Disney moved to Hollywood, California. He, his brother Roy O. Disney, and Iwerks began producing short animated films. In 1927 Disney created the cartooncharacter Oswald the Rabbit. A year later he produced another character, a mouse called Mortimer, but shortly after changed the name to Mickey. In 1928 MickeyMouse starred...