545 résultats pour "west"

• Crusades.

  modern Lebanon; the Principality of Antioch, in modern Syria; and the County of Edessa, in modern northern Syria and southern Turkey. IV CRUSADES OF THE 12TH CENTURY The Crusades of the 12th century, through the end of the Third Crusade in 1192, illustrate the tensions and problems that plagued the enterprise as a whole. For thelords of Outremer a compromise with the residents and Muslim powers made sense; they could not live in constant warfare. And yet as European transplants theydepended on...

• Crusades .

  modern Lebanon; the Principality of Antioch, in modern Syria; and the County of Edessa, in modern northern Syria and southern Turkey. IV CRUSADES OF THE 12TH CENTURY The Crusades of the 12th century, through the end of the Third Crusade in 1192, illustrate the tensions and problems that plagued the enterprise as a whole. For thelords of Outremer a compromise with the residents and Muslim powers made sense; they could not live in constant warfare. And yet as European transplants theydepended on...

• Haiti - country.

  Haitian Creole and French are the official languages of Haiti. Haitian Creole, a French-based Creole with influences from West African languages, was made an officiallanguage under the 1987 constitution. It is the mother tongue for nearly the entire population of Haiti and the language of instruction in schools. French is spokenmainly as a second language by a small section of the population. B Religion About 80 percent of Haiti’s people are nominal Roman Catholics, many of them combining an Af...

• Colombia - country.

  In Bogotá the average high temperature in January is 20°C (68°F), and in July the average high is 19°C (65°F). The highs for the same months in Barranquilla are 32°C(89°F) and 33°C (91°F). Throughout the year, three-month periods of rain and dry weather alternate. Along the Pacific coast precipitation is heavy. At Bogotá the annual rainfall averages about1,060 mm (about 42 in), and in Barranquilla it averages about 800 mm (about 32 in). Dry weather prevails on the slopes of the Cordillera Orient...

• Argentina - country.

  Patagonia lies in the rain shadow of the Andes and so receives little moisture. As a result it is used primarily for grazing sheep, although some crops are grown on smallfarms in irrigated valleys. Several major oil fields also are in Patagonia. At the southern tip of Patagonia is Tierra del Fuego, a large mountainous island shared byArgentina and Chile. B Rivers and Lakes Most of Argentina’s rivers empty into the Atlantic Ocean. Three rivers—the Paraná, Paraguay, and Uruguay—flow generally sou...

• WEST SIDE STORY de Robert WISE et Jerome ROBBINS

• SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organization).

• AGNEAU NOIR ET LE FAUCON GRIS (L’) Rebecca West (résumé)

• AU TEMPS DU ROI EDOUARD de Victoria Sackville-West (résumé)

• Togo - country.

  corn, millet, and sorghum. The leading export crops are coffee, cotton, groundnuts, and cacao. Livestock, chiefly sheep and goats, are raised on the northern plateau.Fish are caught in Togo’s rivers and in the Gulf of Guinea. B Mining and Manufacturing Togo is a leading producer of phosphates, which are by far the country’s most significant mineral product. In 2004, 400,000 metric tons of phosphate rock were mined.Industrial activity is limited but growing. The leading manufactures include ceme...

• Pan-Africanism.

  (in New York City). These congresses were attended by increasing numbers of representatives from the United States, Europe, Africa, and the Caribbean. Severalimportant factors affected the growing popularity of the congresses. First, many delegates were sponsored by international labor movements, which were growing insize and power in the 1920s. A second factor was the growth of the black nationalist movement of Marcus Garvey. The Garvey movement was important in the UnitedStates as a popular ex...

• Greece - country.

  minerals, such as chromium, copper, uranium, and magnesium, are relatively small. Greece’s small petroleum deposits, located under the Aegean Sea near the island ofThásos, are rapidly being depleted. There are no significant reserves of natural gas. Greece’s forests, probably abundant in ancient times, have been significantly depleted. Subsequent soil erosion has made reforestation efforts difficult. Although muchof Greece’s soil is rocky and dry, the country’s mountains are interspersed with sm...

• Tokyo - geography.

  room for new facilities and container terminals, and improvements to storage and distribution facilities. The largest categories of exports from the port of Tokyo aremachinery, automotive parts, and chemical products. Imports include lumber, machinery, fruits and vegetables, processed foods and beverages, and marine products. Muchof Tokyo’s trade also goes through the port of Yokohama. That city has a better natural harbor and was developed after 1858 for the specific purpose of serving Tokyo wi...

• Scramble for Africa - history.

  Sir Henry Morton StanleyAnglo-American explorer Sir Henry Morton Stanley was a key figure in the Scramble for Africa. His late 19th-century exploration anddevelopment of the lower Congo River in the name of Belgian king Leopold II led to the creation of the huge Congo Free State asLeopold’s personal property.THE BETTMANN ARCHIVE European competition over African territory in the 1870s heightened once Belgian king Leopold II got involved. Merchants under French government protection had beenadvan...

• Honolulu - geography.

  Much of Honolulu’s growth and development has concentrated along the southern coast of Oahu. This area is framed to the east by the remnants of a large extinct volcanoknown as Diamond Head and includes Waikiki, located west of Diamond Head; the downtown area, situated near Honolulu Harbor; Honolulu International Airport; andnewer communities in the western part of the island. Two parallel mountain ranges of volcanic origin, the Koolau and Waianae mountains, run north to south across much ofthe i...

• Suriname (country) - country.

  Tongo, a Creole language. Also known as Taki-Taki, Sranang Tongo includes elements of several languages and is the vehicle for most interethnic communication. Otherlanguages spoken in Suriname include Hindi, Javanese, Chinese, English, and French. Small numbers of Native Americans still speak indigenous languages. The main religions in Suriname are Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. The majority of Christians are Roman Catholics, and members of the Moravian Church predominateamong Protestants. E...

• William McKinley.

  gold standard. McKinley voted for it in exchange for support for his tariff bill. His vote angered Eastern bankers and industrialists but helped lessen Western oppositionto his stand on the tariff. D Governor of Ohio Because he was a champion of protective tariffs, as well as an extremely popular politician, McKinley attracted the attention of a Cleveland industrialist, Marcus AlonzoHanna. Hanna was eager to be the maker of a president and to be the man who exercised power behind the scenes. In...

• William McKinley

  gold standard. McKinley voted for it in exchange for support for his tariff bill. His vote angered Eastern bankers and industrialists but helped lessen Western oppositionto his stand on the tariff. D Governor of Ohio Because he was a champion of protective tariffs, as well as an extremely popular politician, McKinley attracted the attention of a Cleveland industrialist, Marcus AlonzoHanna. Hanna was eager to be the maker of a president and to be the man who exercised power behind the scenes. In...

• Europe - geography.

  movement of a segment of the Earth’s crust against the stable shield during the Caledonian orogeny (about 500 to 395 million years ago) raised the mountains of Ireland,Wales, Scotland, and western Norway. Subsequent erosion has rounded and worn down these mountains in the British Isles, but the peaks of Norway still reach 2,472 m(8,110 ft). The second major geological region, a belt of sedimentary materials, sweeps in an arc from southwestern France northward and eastward through the Low Countri...

• White Clarence, 1871-1925, né à West Carlisle, photographe américain.

• Favonius (Favorable) Roman The god of the gentle west Wind.

• Barber Samuel , 1910-1981, né à West Chester (Pennsylvanie), compositeur américain.

• Wicksteed Philip, 1844-1927, né à Leeds (West Yorkshire), économiste britannique.

• Lodge Thomas , vers 1558-1625, né à West Ham (Essex), écrivain anglais.

• Barnard Christian, né en 1922 à Beaufort West (province du Cap), chirurgien sud-africain.

• Puccini, Giacomo - compositeur de musique.

  4 OPÉRA ET EXOTISME L’intérêt de Puccini pour les sujets passionnels se mêla à l’attrait de l’exotisme lorsqu’il découvrit le récit dramatique de John Luther Long, Madame Butterfly. Il tira de cette intrigue chinoise un opéra du même nom, sifflé le soir de sa création en 1904 à la Scala de Milan, mais qui triompha après remaniements. Lors d’un voyage aux États-Unis pour la production de ses opéras, Puccini se passionna pour un autre genre d’exotisme, celui de l’Ouest sauvage des pionniers am...

• Denver - geography.

  percent of Denver’s population, blacks 11.1 percent, Asians 2.8 percent, Native Americans 1.3 percent, and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders 0.1 percent. Peopleof mixed heritage or not reporting race made up 19.3 percent of the population. Hispanics, who may be of any race, were 31.7 percent of the people. In 2006, Denver'spopulation was estimated at 566,974. IV EDUCATION AND CULTURE Since the very beginning of Colorado’s settlement, Denver has been the region’s thriving cultural hub...

• McGregor Chris, 1936-1990, né à Somerset West, pianiste et chef d'orchestre sud-africain.

• Atlantic Ocean - Geography.

  the Atlantic than in the other oceans. A remarkable example of plant life is found in the Sargasso Sea, the oval section of the North Atlantic lying between the West Indies and the Azores and bounded onthe west and north by the Gulf Stream. Here extensive patches of brown gulfweed ( Sargassum ) are found on the relatively still surface waters. Actively mined mineral resources in the Atlantic include titanium, zircon, and monazite (phosphates of the cerium metals), off the eastern coast of Flori...

• Scramble for Africa.

  additional territorial grabs. The most significant of these rules stated that colonial powers were obligated to notify each other when they claimed African territory.Further, subsequent “effective occupation” of the claimed area was necessary for the claim to remain valid. Through it all, as Europeans negotiated their rights toAfrican territory, not a single African was present. Once the conference was over, it was clear that a European Scramble for African territories was underway. Southern Afr...

• Navarro ( Theodore Navarro, dit Fats), 1923-1950, né à Key West (Floride), trompettiste américain.

• St. John's (city, Newfoundland and Labrador) - Geography. I INTRODUCTION St. John's (city,

  coast of Newfoundland and Labrador have brought some hope of potential economic upturn for the port. St. John’s has an international airport, which connects the city to mainland Canada and points outside the country. The city is also the eastern terminus of the Trans-Canada Highway. Although traffic through the city’s harbor has diminished considerably, the port of St. John’s continues to serve as an important Canadian Coast Guarddepot and port of call for container ships. Passenger service on t...

• Willy Brandt - Geschichte.

  5.1 Ost- und Deutschlandpolitik Im Zentrum der Außenpolitik der Regierung Brandt stand die Weiterentwicklung der Ost- und Deutschlandpolitik. Am 12. August 1970 unterzeichneten er und dersowjetische Ministerpräsident Aleksej Kossygin den „Moskauer Vertrag über Gewaltverzicht und Unverletzlichkeit der bestehenden Grenzen”, in dem die Bundesrepublik u. a.de facto die polnische Westgrenze anerkannte und auf ihren Alleinvertretungsanspruch für alle Deutschen verzichtete. Das politische Ziel der Bun...

• Senegal - country.

  Although most of the population works in agriculture, Senegal has a growing industrial sector, one of the largest in West Africa. Nevertheless, two cash crops remain atthe foundation of the economy—peanuts and cotton. Important technical and economic assistance has been provided by France and other countries of the EuropeanUnion and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank). In 2006 the gross domestic product (GDP) was $9.2 billion, or $760.90 a person. A Agriculture...

• Milwaukee - geography.

  acts ranging from alternative rock to country music. During the rest of the summer months, the park is the site of weekend festivals staged by Milwaukee’s majorethnic groups: Italian, Irish, German, African American, Polish, Mexican, Native American, and Asian. The Great Circus Parade, featuring the world’s largest collection ofornate circus wagons, is another staple of Milwaukee’s festival season. The Wisconsin State Fair is held annually in nearby West Allis. V RECREATION The largest single u...

• Indo-Pakistani Wars - History.

  wrest Jammu and Kashmīr from India through the use of force. This effort failed as India held its ground, and the war ended in a stalemate after almost two months ofarmed conflict. Although the second war over the territory was shorter than the first, the increased firepower of the two nations resulted in a more deadly war, with atotal of about 6,800 battle casualties. A Events Before the War A number of factors precipitated the second conflict over Jammu and Kashm īr. In the wake of a border w...

• History of United States Business.

  their lives. But the rewards were worth it; a few lucrative voyages and a merchant could buy a townhouse, a carriage, perhaps a summer retreat. The merchant couldclimb the social ladder and circulate among the powerful in this highly materialistic society. This prospect of riches and the honor that accompanied them made Americancolonists willing to engage in highly speculative enterprises, such as shipping flour to the West Indies or importing goods from England by the thousands without beingcer...

• John Quincy Adams.

  man of my whole country.” When President Thomas Jefferson requested Senate approval of his treaty for the purchase of the French colony of Louisiana, Adams was the only New EnglandFederalist to vote in favor of it. He realized that the power and influence of his own New England would be reduced if the vast territory were added to the nation, but hewas convinced that the national interest would best be served by the purchase of Louisiana ( see Louisiana Purchase). Adams again broke with his New...

• John Quincy Adams

  man of my whole country.” When President Thomas Jefferson requested Senate approval of his treaty for the purchase of the French colony of Louisiana, Adams was the only New EnglandFederalist to vote in favor of it. He realized that the power and influence of his own New England would be reduced if the vast territory were added to the nation, but hewas convinced that the national interest would best be served by the purchase of Louisiana ( see Louisiana Purchase). Adams again broke with his New...

• Holy Roman Empire I INTRODUCTION Holy Roman Empire, political entity of lands in western and central Europe, founded by Charlemagne in AD 800 and dissolved by Emperor Francis II in 1806.

  acquired the imperial title and an area running from the North Sea through Lotharingia (Lorraine) and Burgundy to northern Italy; Louis II received East Francia (theGerman duchies of Saxony, Swabia, and Bavaria). In 870 Lothair’s middle kingdom was divided by the Treaty of Mersen, which gave Lotharingia to East Francia and therest to West Francia. This division created the foundation for today’s states of Germany and France, respectively; however, in the 9th century these were highly fractured d...

• Holy Roman Empire .

  acquired the imperial title and an area running from the North Sea through Lotharingia (Lorraine) and Burgundy to northern Italy; Louis II received East Francia (theGerman duchies of Saxony, Swabia, and Bavaria). In 870 Lothair’s middle kingdom was divided by the Treaty of Mersen, which gave Lotharingia to East Francia and therest to West Francia. This division created the foundation for today’s states of Germany and France, respectively; however, in the 9th century these were highly fractured d...

• Latium Roman In ancient times, a region in west-central Italy, south and east of the Tiber River on the shores of the Tyrrhenian Sea.

• Nestor Greek King of Pylos (on the west coast of Messenia, in the Peloponnesus) and, at 60 years old, the oldest and most experienced of the chieftains who fought in the Trojan War.

• Hesperides (Daughters of the West) Greek The Dryads, or wood nymphs; sisters, who lived in the beautiful garden on the western edge of the world and helped guard the tree that grew the golden apples of the goddess Hera.

• Saskatoon - geography.

  The principal tourist attraction is Wanuskewin Heritage Park, just north of the city. The park has 19 archaeological sites representing more than 5,000 years of indigenousculture of the northern plains. The city is home to the Saskatoon Blades, an ice hockey team in the Western Hockey League. Annual events in the city include theShakespeare on the Saskatchewan Festival, the SaskTel Jazz Festival, Winterfest, and the ethnic celebrations of Folkfest. IV ECONOMY Saskatoon’s economy has fluctuated...

• St. Louis (city) - geography. I INTRODUCTION Skyline of St. Louis, Missouri St. Louis,

  The metropolitan counties to the east of the Mississippi River in Illinois are home to both industry and fertile farmlands. The only heavily urbanized sections lie close to theriver in St. Clair County, site of East Saint Louis, and Madison County. The economy of East Saint Louis has been depressed since the 1960s, and the city is plagued bycrime, deteriorated housing, and declining property values. Several small cities have split off from East Saint Louis, taking large factories and much of the...

• Slavery in Africa.

  The spread of Islam from Arabia into Africa after the religion’s founding in the 7th century AD affected the practice of slavery and slave trading in West, Central, and East Africa. Arabs had practiced slave raiding and trading in Arabia for centuries prior to the founding of Islam, and slavery became a component of Islamic traditions.Both the Qur'an (Koran) (the sacred scripture of Islam) and Islamic religious law served to codify and justify the existence of slavery. As Muslim Arabs conquered...

• Federal Republic of Germany - country.

  B Rivers and Lakes Rivers have played a major role in Germany’s economic development. The Rhine River flows in a northwesterly direction from Switzerland through much of westernGermany and The Netherlands into the North Sea. It is a major European waterway and a pillar of commerce and trade. Its primary German tributaries include theMain, Mosel, Neckar, and Ruhr rivers. The Oder (Odra) River, along the border between Poland and Germany, runs northward and empties into the Baltic; it provides an...

• St. Louis (city) - geography. I INTRODUCTION St. Louis (city) or Saint Louis,

  Between 1940 and 1990 the black population in metropolitan St. Louis nearly tripled. Blacks are most heavily concentrated in three areas in the St. Louis metropolitanregion: East Saint Louis, the North Side close to downtown, and an east-west belt extending from the waterfront to beyond Forest Park. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, areas to the north and south of the central business district were settled by immigrant working families from Germany, Ireland,and many Eastern European countrie...

• Sydney (Australia) - geography.

  blocks in the eastern suburbs and around railway stations elsewhere; and homes on large lots in the outer suburbs, especially those to the northwest. For publichousing, the state government built a number of high-rise apartment blocks in run-down inner suburbs after World War II (1939-1945). These housing projects weresoon deemed unsuccessful and were discontinued because they fostered crime and other social problems. More recently, public housing has taken the form of separateor semidetached ho...