10 résultats pour "metaphysics"
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Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Suárez's Conception of Metaphysics
The difference between non-real beings and possible beings is that possible beings have an aptitude for existence,even though they do not exist, whereas non-real beings do not. A possible being like Misifus, has an aptitude suchthat it could exist even if it does not; but a non-real being like a goatstag, lacks such an aptitude and neitherexists nor can exist (31, 2, 10; 26, 232).Real being, then, includes possible, unactualized essences in addition to actualized ones. This means that the...
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Encyclopedia of Philosophy: METAPHYSICS (the system of aristotle)
study something as a being is to study something about which true predications can be made, precisely from thepoint of view of the possibility of making true predications of it. Aristotle's first philosopher is not making a study ofsome particular kind of being; he is studying everything, the whole of Being, precisely as such. Now an Aristotelian science is a science of causes, so that the science of Being qua being will be a science whichassigns the causes of there being any truths whatever abo...
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Aristotle
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INTRODUCTION
Aristotle (384-322
BC),
Greek philosopher and scientist, who shares with Plato and Socrates the distinction of being the most famous of ancient philosophers.
succession of individuals. These processes are therefore intermediate between the changeless circles of the heavens and the simple linear movements of the terrestrialelements. The species form a scale from simple (worms and flies at the bottom) to complex (human beings at the top), but evolution is not possible. C Aristotelian Psychology For Aristotle, psychology was a study of the soul. Insisting that form (the essence, or unchanging characteristic element in an object) and matter (the commonu...
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Aristotle.
succession of individuals. These processes are therefore intermediate between the changeless circles of the heavens and the simple linear movements of the terrestrialelements. The species form a scale from simple (worms and flies at the bottom) to complex (human beings at the top), but evolution is not possible. C Aristotelian Psychology For Aristotle, psychology was a study of the soul. Insisting that form (the essence, or unchanging characteristic element in an object) and matter (the commonu...
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Confucian philosophy, Korean
neglected by more traditional Confucianism. Read with new eyes, an entirely new level of meaning was uncovered in the ancient texts: they discovered a Confucian foundation for the meditative cultivation of consciousness that had been a particular strength of the Buddhists, and to frame it and provide an account of sagehood equal to Buddhist talk of enlightenment, they found a complete metaphysical system, a Confucian version of the kind of thinking that had been elaborated mainly under Daoist au...
- DISQUISITIO METAPHYSICA ADVERSUS CARTESIUM. GASSENDI (résumé et analyse)
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Western Philosophy.
the popular belief in personal deities, but he failed to explain the way in which the familiar objects of experience could develop out of elements that are totally differentfrom them. Anaxagoras therefore suggested that all things are composed of very small particles, or “seeds,” which exist in infinite variety. To explain the way in whichthese particles combine to form the objects that constitute the familiar world, Anaxagoras developed a theory of cosmic evolution. He maintained that the activ...
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Boutroux, Émile
entirely a priori, and because reality is incommensurable and irreducible to mathematical necessity. As mathematics is applied to experience, the laws become more determinate and particular, and thereby less necessitating. It is an error of scientism to confuse determinism with necessitarianism. Science, in its effort to reduce experience to the mathematical, loses its sense of the radical contingency at work in nature; it generalizes and takes things to extremes in transforming its useful regul...
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Plato
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INTRODUCTION
Plato (428?
one of the individuals escapes from the cave into the light of day. With the aid of the sun, that person sees for the first time the real world and returns to the cave withthe message that the only things they have seen heretofore are shadows and appearances and that the real world awaits them if they are willing to struggle free oftheir bonds. The shadowy environment of the cave symbolizes for Plato the physical world of appearances. Escape into the sun-filled setting outside the cave symbolize...
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Plato.
one of the individuals escapes from the cave into the light of day. With the aid of the sun, that person sees for the first time the real world and returns to the cave withthe message that the only things they have seen heretofore are shadows and appearances and that the real world awaits them if they are willing to struggle free oftheir bonds. The shadowy environment of the cave symbolizes for Plato the physical world of appearances. Escape into the sun-filled setting outside the cave symbolize...