27 résultats pour "theology"
- THE TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC: THE CRITIQUE OF NATURAL THEOLOGY - KANT
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Barth, Karl
Movement for Social Justice' ), which identified Christianity with socialism. Barth claimed that ‘Jesus is the social movement and that the social movement is Jesus today' . The start of the First World War broke the spell. His confidence in Culture-Protestantism was shattered. Liberal theologians had failed to prevent a resurgence of barbarism, in spite of their repeated emphasis on the religious, moral and social commitments of the Christian. The open support given by leading German theo...
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Martin Luther
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INTRODUCTION
Martin Luther (1483-1546), German theologian and religious reformer, who
VI THEOLOGY Luther was not a systematic theologian, but his work was subtle, complex, and immensely influential. It was inspired by his careful study of the New Testament, but itwas also influenced in important respects by the great 4th-century theologian Saint Augustine. A Law and Gospel Luther maintained that God interacts with human beings in two ways—through the law and through the Gospel. The law represents God’s demands—as expressed, for example, in the Ten Commandments and the golden r...
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Martin Luther.
VI THEOLOGY Luther was not a systematic theologian, but his work was subtle, complex, and immensely influential. It was inspired by his careful study of the New Testament, but itwas also influenced in important respects by the great 4th-century theologian Saint Augustine. A Law and Gospel Luther maintained that God interacts with human beings in two ways—through the law and through the Gospel. The law represents God’s demands—as expressed, for example, in the Ten Commandments and the golden r...
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Aquinas, Thomas
part in an academic disputation. Having failed in his efforts to shake his best student's arguments on this occasion, Albert declared, 'We call him the dumb ox, but in his teaching he will one day produce such a bellowing that it will be heard throughout the world' . In 1252 Aquinas returned to Paris for the course of study leading to the degree of master in theology, roughly the equivalent of a twentieth-century PhD. During the first academic year he studied and lectured on the Bible; the...
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Roman Catholic Church.
comprehensiveness of its doctrinal tradition. Locating its beginnings in the earliest Christian communities and refusing to acknowledge any decisive break in its history,the Roman Catholic Church considers itself heir to the theological traditions of the apostolic, patristic, medieval, and modern periods. The church does not in principleexclude any theological method, and since the encyclical of Pope Pius XII Divino Afflante Spiritu (1943) it has officially sanctioned modern principles of exeg...
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Protestantism.
F England The Anglican Church became the established church in England when Henry VIII assumed (1534) the ecclesiastical authority over the English church that had previouslybeen exercised by the pope. Henry’s motive was to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragón rather than to reform church doctrine, and he imposed severe lawsupholding the major tenets of medieval Catholicism. Under King Edward VI and Queen Elizabeth, however, the Anglican Church developed a distinctly Protestant creedthat w...
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Western Philosophy.
the popular belief in personal deities, but he failed to explain the way in which the familiar objects of experience could develop out of elements that are totally differentfrom them. Anaxagoras therefore suggested that all things are composed of very small particles, or “seeds,” which exist in infinite variety. To explain the way in whichthese particles combine to form the objects that constitute the familiar world, Anaxagoras developed a theory of cosmic evolution. He maintained that the activ...
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Dr. Michael Hjälm. Liberation of the Ecclesia The Unfinished Project of Liturgical Theology (2011)
Liberation of the Ecclesia 1 2 Liberation of the Ecclesia The Unfinished Project of Liturgical Theology Michael Hjälm Uppsala University 3 Abstract Doctoral dissertation presented at the Department of Theology, Uppsala University, 2011 Hjälm, Michael. 2011. Liberation of the Ecclesia. The Unfinished Project of Liturgical Theology. Södertälje: Anastasis Media + 336 pp This dissertation is a critical study of the paradigm of Liturgical Theology. Focus in this systematic...
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Brunner, Emil
appointment there the following year; in 1924, he took the chair of systematic and practical theology. It was at this time that Brunner discovered Barth's Der Römerbrief (The Epistle to the Romans) (1919) and joined the 'theologians of crisis' contributing regularly to the journal Zwischen den Zeiten (Between the Times) (Barth, K. §§1-2). He subsequently became a major exponent of 'the theology of crisis' . Like Barth, Brunner found inspiration in Kierkegaard's warning against t...
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al-Tusi, Khwajah Nasir
al-Tusi's Isma‘ili period, but the break with this past was decisively accomplished in Masari‘ al-musari‘ (The Floorings of the Wrestler) , a refutation of an Isma‘ili Neoplatonic text by the crypto-Isma‘ili al-Shahrastani (d. AH 548/AD 1153) which attacked Ibn Sina for deviating from ‘prophetic theology'. Al-Tusi's vehemently anti-Isma‘ili defence ofIbn Sina is unreservedly polemical, using the same tactic of accusations of weak logic and feeble-mindedness whichhe had employed against al-Razi....
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Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Abelard, Peter
Ockham, writing around 1317, seems totally unaware of his work. 2 Works In order to understand and assess Abelard as a philosopher, it is important to consider not only his works on logicbut also his writings on theology. At risk of considerable over-simplification, his works may be divided into thosecomposed before his stay in the community near Quincy (1122-7) and those written during and after that stay. AsC.J. Mews (1985) has pointed out, this break seems to correspond with certain revisions...
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Bultmann, Rudolf ?
works he wrote. Most of his articles were collectively published in Glauben und Verstehen (Faith and Understanding) (1933-65). Bultmann retired in 1951. 2 History and myth As a member of the school of dialectical theology that Karl Barth (§§1-2) , Eduard Thurneysen and Emil Brunner (§1) had started in the early 1920s, Bultmann rejected the liberal way of treating Christian faith as a phenomenon of the history of religion. However, unlike Barth, he carried forward the tradition of biblic...
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Encyclopedia of Philosophy: METAPHYSICS (the system of aristotle)
study something as a being is to study something about which true predications can be made, precisely from thepoint of view of the possibility of making true predications of it. Aristotle's first philosopher is not making a study ofsome particular kind of being; he is studying everything, the whole of Being, precisely as such. Now an Aristotelian science is a science of causes, so that the science of Being qua being will be a science whichassigns the causes of there being any truths whatever abo...
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Raphael (painter)
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INTRODUCTION
Raphael's La Belle Jardinière
Completed in 1508 in Florence, La Belle Jardinière is one of the most famous Madonna portraits of Italian Renaissance
painter Raphael.
III ROMAN PERIOD Leo I and AttilaThis fresco by Italian Renaissance painter Raphael, Leo I Repulsing Attila (1512-1514, Vatican), depicts the confrontationbetween Pope Leo I and Attila the Hun outside Rome in the 5th century. Whereas the figures on the left exemplify theclassical poise typical of the High Renaissance, the tumultuous activity of the figures on the right prefigures the dynamicenergy of the later baroque style.Scala/Art Resource, NY In 1508 Raphael was called to Rome by Pope Juli...
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Jesus Christ
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INTRODUCTION
Jesus Christ (between 8 and 4
BC-AD
29?
Monday and Tuesday, according to the synoptists), he drove from the Temple the traders and moneychangers who, by long-established custom, had been allowed totransact business in the outer court (Mark 11:15-19), and he disputed with the chief priests, the scribes, the Pharisees, and the Sadducees questions about hisauthority, tribute to Caesar, and the resurrection. On Tuesday, Jesus also revealed to his disciples the signs that would usher in his Parousia, or second coming. See Second Coming. O...
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Jesus Christ.
Monday and Tuesday, according to the synoptists), he drove from the Temple the traders and moneychangers who, by long-established custom, had been allowed totransact business in the outer court (Mark 11:15-19), and he disputed with the chief priests, the scribes, the Pharisees, and the Sadducees questions about hisauthority, tribute to Caesar, and the resurrection. On Tuesday, Jesus also revealed to his disciples the signs that would usher in his Parousia, or second coming. See Second Coming. O...
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Italian Literature
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INTRODUCTION
Italian Literature, literature written in the Italian language from about the 13th century to the present.
Dante’s Inferno and PurgatoryThis illustration comes from a late Gothic edition of The Divine Comedy by the great Italian poet Dante Alighieri. Lucifer,the devil, is at the center of Earth, and the mouth of hell, the inferno, opens below him. At the opposite pole is a mountainleading to purgatory. The manuscript is in the National Library in Florence, Italy.Scala/Art Resource, NY Dante is one of the great figures of world literature. He is remarkable for the loftiness of his thought, the vividne...
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Aristotle
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INTRODUCTION
Aristotle (384-322
BC),
Greek philosopher and scientist, who shares with Plato and Socrates the distinction of being the most famous of ancient philosophers.
succession of individuals. These processes are therefore intermediate between the changeless circles of the heavens and the simple linear movements of the terrestrialelements. The species form a scale from simple (worms and flies at the bottom) to complex (human beings at the top), but evolution is not possible. C Aristotelian Psychology For Aristotle, psychology was a study of the soul. Insisting that form (the essence, or unchanging characteristic element in an object) and matter (the commonu...
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Aristotle.
succession of individuals. These processes are therefore intermediate between the changeless circles of the heavens and the simple linear movements of the terrestrialelements. The species form a scale from simple (worms and flies at the bottom) to complex (human beings at the top), but evolution is not possible. C Aristotelian Psychology For Aristotle, psychology was a study of the soul. Insisting that form (the essence, or unchanging characteristic element in an object) and matter (the commonu...
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Orthodox Church.
formally defined by an ecumenical council, as it was in Catholicism, some Orthodox theologians have taught that the act of becoming a monk or the service of burial canalso be sacraments. The sacramental practice of the Orthodox differs in many details from Western customs. Baptism is administered by immersing the child or adult three times under thewater, each time in the name of one of the persons of the Trinity. It is followed immediately by anointment with chrism, a sacred perfumed oil that r...
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Atonement
to him, the eternal Son of God become man is at once human priest and victim, who perfects and replaces the OldTestament institutions of animal sacrifice. The author takes seriously the (atoning) purpose of those replacedinstitutions, and, while expounding the moral inadequacy of animal sacrifice (a view anticipated in the OldTestament prophets), theologizes the doctrine by centring atonement on the representative human achievement ofthe saviour. The effect of this metaphorical...
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Casuistry
handbooks of the Middle Ages and reached its fullest expression in Roman Catholic textbooks of moral theology of the Counter-Reformation. The method was also embraced by a number of Anglican divines and members of the Reformed tradition. The impetus behind the case-method lay in the desire among theologians and philosophers to discover the moral norms embodied in divine law in the circumstances of human life, rather than finding them in antecedent absolute norms which one could then apply to a s...
- Text - science as a vocation
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Galileo
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INTRODUCTION
Galileo (1564-1642), Italian physicist and astronomer who, with German astronomer Johannes Kepler, initiated the scientific revolution that flowered in the work of
English physicist Sir Isaac Newton.
V WORK IN ASTRONOMY During most of his time in Padua, Galileo showed little interest in astronomy, although in 1595 he declared in a letter that he preferred the Copernican theory that Earthrevolves around the Sun to the assumptions of Aristotle and Ptolemy that planets circle a fixed Earth ( see Astronomy: The Copernican Theory ; Ptolemaic System). A Observations with the Telescope In 1609 Galileo heard that a telescope had been invented in Holland. In August of that year he constructed a t...
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Galileo.
V WORK IN ASTRONOMY During most of his time in Padua, Galileo showed little interest in astronomy, although in 1595 he declared in a letter that he preferred the Copernican theory that Earthrevolves around the Sun to the assumptions of Aristotle and Ptolemy that planets circle a fixed Earth ( see Astronomy: The Copernican Theory ; Ptolemaic System). A Observations with the Telescope In 1609 Galileo heard that a telescope had been invented in Holland. In August of that year he constructed a t...
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Christianity.
history of architecture. See Basilica; Church; Early Christian Art and Architecture;Prayer. C Christian Life The instruction and exhortation of Christian preaching and teaching concern all the themes of doctrine and morals: the love of God and the love of neighbor, the twochief commandments in the ethical message of Jesus (see Matthew 22: 34-40). Application of these commandments to the concrete situations of human life, bothpersonal and social, does not produce a uniformity of moral or polit...