Germany Facts and Figures.

Germany Facts and Figures. BASIC FACTS Official name Capital Area Federal Republic of Germany Berlin 356,970 sq km 137,827 sq mi PEOPLE Population 82,369,548 (2008 estimate) Population growth Population growth rate -0.04 percent (2008 estimate) Projected population in 2025 80,637,451 (2025 estimate) Projected population in 2050 73,607,121 (2050 estimate) Population density 236 persons per sq km (2008 estimate) 611 persons per sq mi (2008 estimate) Urban/rural distribution Share urban 88 percent (2005 estimate) Share rural 12 percent (2005 estimate) Largest cities, with population Berlin 3,387,800 (2005 estimate) Hamburg 1,734,800 (2005 estimate) Munich 1,249,200 (2005 estimate) Cologne 969,700 (2005 estimate) Frankfurt 646,900 (2005 estimate) Ethnic groups German 91.5 percent Turkish 2.3 percent Italian 0.7 percent G reek 0.4 percent Polish 0.4 percent O ther 4.7 percent Languages German (official), English, Russian, Sorbian Religious affiliations Protestant 37 percent Roman Catholic 35 percent Muslim 4 percent Nonreligious O ther 17 percent 7 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATION Life expectancy Total 79.1 years (2008 estimate) Female 82.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 76.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 4 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 291 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 112 people (2002) Literacy rate Total 99 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) Number of years of compulsory schooling Number of students per teacher, primary school 4.8 percent (2002-2003) 13 years (2002-2003) 14 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENT Form of government Head of state Head of government Legislature Federal republic Federal president Federal chancellor Bicameral legislature Bundestag (Federal Assembly): 603 deputies Bundesrat (Federal Council): 69 delegates Voting qualifications Universal at age 18 Constitution 23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united Germany on 3 October 1990 Highest court Armed forces Total number of military personnel Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) First-level political divisions Federal Constitutional Court Army, Navy, Air Force 284,500 (2004) 1.5 percent (2003) 16 states ECONOMY Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$) GDP per capita (U.S.$) $2.9 trillion (2006) $35,167 (2006) GDP by economic sector Agriculture, forestry, fishing 1 percent (2006) I ndustry 30 percent (2006) Services 69.1 percent (2006) Employment Number of workers Workforce share of economic sector Agriculture, forestry, fishing 41,018,272 (2006) 2 percent (2005) I ndustry 30 percent (2005) Services 68 percent (2005) Unemployment rate 9.8 percent (2004) National budget (U.S.$) Total revenue $836,289 million (2006) Total expenditure $885,866 million (2006) Monetary unit* 1 euro (EUR), consisting of 100 cents *The German deutsche mark (DM) became linked to the EU single currency, the euro (EUR), on 1 January 1999 at a fixed rate of 1.95583 to 1 euro (EUR). Euro coins and bills replaced the German deutsche mark as the national currency on January 1, 2002. Agriculture Sugar beets, wheat, potatoes, barley, rye Mining Lignite, bituminous coal, petroleum, natural gas, salt, potash Manufacturing Chemical products, transportation equipment, nonelectrical machinery, metals and metal products, electrical machinery, food products Major exports Road vehicles, Electrical machinery and appliances, industrial equipment, specialized machinery, power generating machineray, iron and steel, precision instruments, clothing Major imports Road vehicles, Electrical machinery and appliances, industrial equipment, specialized machinery, power generating machinery, iron and steel, precision instruments, clothing Major trade partners for exports France, United States, United Kingdom, Italy, and Netherlands Major trade partners for imports France, Netherlands, United States, United Kingdom, and Italy ENERGY, COMMUNICATIONS, AND TRANSPORTATION Electricity production Electricity from thermal sources Electricity from hydroelectric sources Electricity from nuclear sources Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources 62.52 percent (2003 estimate) 3.72 percent (2003 estimate) 28.13 percent (2003 estimate) 5.63 percent (2003 estimate) Number of radios per 1,000 people 948 (1997) Number of telephones per 1,000 people 668 (2005) Number of televisions per 1,000 people 587 (2000 estimate) Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people 315 (2003) Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people 305 (1998) Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people 580 (2004) Paved road as a share of total roads 100 percent (2003) SOURCES Basic Facts and People sections Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org). Health and Education section Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Government section Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance. Economy section Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the statistical bureaus of individual countries, latest Europa World Yearbook, and various United Nations and International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications. Energy, Communication, and Transportation section Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Note Figures may not total 100 percent due to rounding. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.