1588 résultats pour "year"

• Louis Stephen St.

  St. Laurent brought to office a new concept of government. His broad, all-national view firmly rejected Québec's traditional isolationism. He made his decisions with coolimpartiality, giving first consideration to the welfare of Canada as a whole. St. Laurent's foreign policy involved Canada in world politics. He supported the UN, fully endorsing the initiatives proposed by Pearson, his representative there. St.Laurent actively sponsored and subsequently cooperated with the North Atlantic Treaty...

• Cheetah - biology.

  animals such as zebras. Unlike most cats, cheetahs hunt during the day, when lions and hyenas that compete with them for prey are less likely to be active. Still,scientists in Tanzania have observed that cheetahs lose 10 to 13 percent of their kills to lions and hyenas. Alerted by the panic of a gazelle herd or by the circling ofvultures, lions and hyenas close in and easily drive the more timid cheetah away from a fresh kill. A cheetah usually stalks prey to within about 10 m (about 33 ft) and...

• French and Indian War.

  Virginia as well as the French governor-general of Canada had attempted to seize their lands. After receiving large presents of supplies and arms, the Iroquoisgrudgingly renewed their alliances with the British colonies. Delegates then moved on to plan other defensive measures. An important topic was a plan of union developed by Benjamin Franklin. The Albany Plan, as it became known, proposed a single institution to govern all of the Britishcolonies in America. Under the plan, each colony would...

• French and Indian War - Canadian History.

  Virginia as well as the French governor-general of Canada had attempted to seize their lands. After receiving large presents of supplies and arms, the Iroquoisgrudgingly renewed their alliances with the British colonies. Delegates then moved on to plan other defensive measures. An important topic was a plan of union developed by Benjamin Franklin. The Albany Plan, as it became known, proposed a single institution to govern all of the Britishcolonies in America. Under the plan, each colony would...

• Solar System - astronomy.

  dwarf planets according to the IAU because they have rounded shapes from their own gravity but have not cleared their neighborhoods in space of other objects—bothorbit through the Kuiper Belt, a region beyond Neptune containing thousands of small icy bodies. Pluto and Eris are composed of layers of ice around a rocky core.Ceres qualifies as a dwarf planet because it is spherical but is found in the asteroid belt, a zone between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter that contains thousands of smallrocky...

• Republican Party.

  the reaction to the depression that the Republican Party controlled Congress for only 4 of the 48 years between 1932 and 1980. The Republicans did win the presidencyfour times during that period—in 1952, 1956, 1968, and 1972—when the Democratic Party split or when some unusual combination of circumstances occurred. Fromthe 1930s through the 1970s, however, the Democratic Party was the dominant party in the United States. The response of the Republicans to this new situation was confusion, anger,...

• Mazeroski's Home Run Wins the Series.

  Capitalizing on a break of their own the Yankees tied the score in the top of the ninth inning. With one run in and one out, smart baserunning by Mantle robbedPittsburgh of a double play and allowed pinch-runner Gil McDougald to score. The bottom of the ninth brought the Forbes faithful to its feet and Mazeroski to the plate. A steady but not spectacular hitter, the 24-year-old West Virginian hadearned more of a reputation for his sparkling fielding. Years later a noted statistician gave Maz...

• Wilt Chamberlain.

  The Lakers returned to the NBA finals the following year, but they lost to the Knicks. Chamberlain then retired as a player. He coached the San Diego Conquistadores ofthe American Basketball Association (ABA) for the 1973-74 season before leaving basketball for good. Many NBA teams tried to convince Chamberlain to return to thesport, but he refused their offers. In 1978 he was elected to the Basketball Hall of Fame. V LATER YEARS Chamberlain remained active during the remaining years of his lif...

• Wilt Chamberlain I INTRODUCTION Wilt Chamberlain (1936-1999), American professional basketball player, one of the greatest players in the history of the sport.

  The Lakers returned to the NBA finals the following year, but they lost to the Knicks. Chamberlain then retired as a player. He coached the San Diego Conquistadores ofthe American Basketball Association (ABA) for the 1973-74 season before leaving basketball for good. Many NBA teams tried to convince Chamberlain to return to thesport, but he refused their offers. In 1978 he was elected to the Basketball Hall of Fame. V LATER YEARS Chamberlain remained active during the remaining years of his lif...

• Vanuatu - country.

  and Luganville. V GOVERNMENT Vanuatu is governed under a constitution that came into effect with the republic’s independence in 1980. The president of Vanuatu serves as head of state, a largelyceremonial office. The president is elected by Vanuatu’s parliament and the heads of regional government councils. The parliament, or legislature, is a single-chamberbody whose membership has increased several times since independence; in 1998 the parliament had 52 members. Members of parliament are chose...

• Kiribati - country.

  mainly from Japan, the European Union (EU), and Australia. Kiribati’s only major exports are copra (dried coconut meat), cultivated seaweed, and fish. The United States, Australia, and New Zealand are the leading purchasers ofthe country’s exports. Despite the cultivation of crops for local consumption, Kiribati is heavily dependent upon imported foods. Other imports include machinery andequipment, manufactured goods, and imported fossil fuels, which supply most of the country’s energy. Australi...

• Qur'an.

  man who profoundly influenced the history of the world. See Spread of Islam. Muhammad’s home, the Arab city of Mecca, was a major religious center and site of the revered sanctuary and shrine, the Kaaba. According to legend, the ancientreligious patriarch of the Hebrew Bible, Abraham, and his son, Ishmael, built the shrine using foundations laid by the first human being and father of humankind, Adam.During Muhammad’s years there, from about AD 570 to 622, Mecca was also an environment of spir...

• International Criminal Court.

  only exercise its jurisdiction when a national court is unwilling or unable to carry out the investigation or prosecution. For example, the ICC might intervene when agovernment’s judicial system has collapsed or is actively shielding a person from criminal responsibility. The court may hold accountable any person aged 18 or older at the time of the crime without regard to the individual’s official duties or functions. Therefore, heads ofstate, legislators, and other high-ranking government offic...

• Political Parties in the United States.

  quickly enabled the Republican Party to overpower the Know-Nothings. Although the Republicans lost their first campaign for the presidency in 1856, they triumphed in1860 with former congressman Abraham Lincoln. The Republican victory resulted in part from the division of the Democratic Party into Northern and Southern factions,each of which ran its own presidential candidate, and in part from their success at attracting Whigs and Know-Nothings who had opposed the Republicans in 1856.During the C...

• Saturn - astronomy.

  measurements of the magnetic field made by the Voyager space probes in the 1980s. Additional Cassini findings reported in March 2007 suggested that particles originating from geysers on the moon Enceladus may provide a partial explanation for thechange. The neutral gas particles become electrically charged and are captured by Saturn’s magnetic field, forming a disk of hot, ionized gas around the planet’sequator. The charged particles interact with the magnetic field and slow down the rotation of...

• Mesoamerica.

  for cooking. In other regions, the earliest ceramics are more sophisticated technically and aesthetically. At around 1800 BC in the Pacific coastal region of Soconusco (in what is now southeastern Chiapas State, Mexico), the earliest pottery was very complex both in forms and decoration. It seems to have had a social function and beenused primarily for ritual feasting. III MAJOR CIVILIZATIONS Over a period of 3000 years, beginning in about 1500 BC, a number of important cultures emerged in M...

• Ripken Breaks Record.

  Ripken's achievement and his accompanying modesty, combined with his clean-cut image and avowed passion for the sport, have caused many in and out of baseballto hold him up as a welcome positive in a year of negatives. Attendance at major league games has dropped this season, a fact generally attributed to a backlash byfans after a players' strike ended last year's season in August and canceled the playoffs and World Series. After a tension-filled spring training in which baseball teamowners hir...

• Vanuatu Facts and Figures.

  Female 65.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 62 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 51 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 9,091 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 323 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 52.9 percent (1995) Female 47.8 percent (1995) Male 57.3 percent (1995) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 6.4 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 7 years (2000) Number of students per...

• Boxing: Olympic Gold Medalists.

  (Since 1952 up to 57 kg/126 lb)1904 Oliver Kirk United States 1908 Richard Gunn United Kingdom 1920 Paul Fritsch France 1924 John Fields United States 1928 Lambertus van Klaveren The Netherlands 1932 Carmelo Robledo Argentina 1936 Oscar Casanovas Argentina 1948 Ernesto Formenti Italy 1952 Ján Zachara Czechoslovakia 1956 Vladimir Safronov USSR 1960 Francesco Musso Italy 1964 Stanislav Stepashkin USSR 1968 Antonio Roldan Mexico 1972 Boris Kuznetsov USSR 1976 Angel Herrera Cuba 1980 Rudi Fink East...

• Boxing: Olympic Gold Medalists.

  (Since 1952 up to 57 kg/126 lb)1904 Oliver Kirk United States 1908 Richard Gunn United Kingdom 1920 Paul Fritsch France 1924 John Fields United States 1928 Lambertus van Klaveren The Netherlands 1932 Carmelo Robledo Argentina 1936 Oscar Casanovas Argentina 1948 Ernesto Formenti Italy 1952 Ján Zachara Czechoslovakia 1956 Vladimir Safronov USSR 1960 Francesco Musso Italy 1964 Stanislav Stepashkin USSR 1968 Antonio Roldan Mexico 1972 Boris Kuznetsov USSR 1976 Angel Herrera Cuba 1980 Rudi Fink East...

• Cambodia Facts and Figures.

  Female 63.8 years (2008 estimate) Male 59.6 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 57 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 6,423 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,667 people (2004) Literacy rateTotal 71.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 62.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 81 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 1.9 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 6 years (1...

• Lesotho Facts and Figures.

  Female 39.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 41 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 79 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 18,519 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 614 people (1975) Literacy rateTotal 85.7 percent (2005 estimate) Female 95.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 75.8 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.9 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 7 years (20...

• Albania Facts and Figures.

  Female 80.7 years (2008 estimate) Male 75.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 19 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 870 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 323 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 84.7 percent (2000 estimate) Female 77 percent (2000 estimate) Male 92.1 percent (2000 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.6 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2002-...

• Benin Facts and Figures.

  Female 55.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 52.7 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 76 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 22,244 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 4,281 people (1994) Literacy rateTotal 43.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 28.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 58.8 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.3 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 6 years...

• Malta Facts and Figures.

  Female 81.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 77.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 4 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 258 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 208 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 93.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 94.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 92.4 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.6 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (200...

• El Salvador Facts and Figures.

  Female 75.8 years (2008 estimate) Male 68.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 22 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 667 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 1,111 people (2006) Literacy rateTotal 81.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 78.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 83.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.9 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2...

• Cameroon Facts and Figures.

  Female 54.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 52.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 65 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 5,216 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 392 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 81.1 percent (2005 estimate) Female 76.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 86.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 6 years (2...

• Fiji Islands Facts and Figures.

  Female 73.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 67.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 12 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 2,970 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 385 people (1999) Literacy rateTotal 94.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 92.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 95.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.6 percent (2001-2002) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (...

• Philippines Facts and Figures.

  Female 73.8 years (2008 estimate) Male 67.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 21 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 860 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,000 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 96.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 96.2 percent (2005 estimate) Male 96.3 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.9 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 7 years (2...

• Ghana Facts and Figures.

  Female 60.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 58.6 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 52 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 6,598 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 685 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 76.9 percent (2005 estimate) Female 69.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 84.3 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.2 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2...

• Malawi Facts and Figures.

  Female 43.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 43.7 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 91 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 46,380 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 746 people (1998) Literacy rateTotal 64.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 51.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 77.1 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 6.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (...

• Côte d'Ivoire Facts and Figures.

  Female 51.8 years (2008 estimate) Male 46.6 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 86 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 8,120 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,232 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 53.6 percent (2005 estimate) Female 46.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 60.1 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.9 percent (2000-2001) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years...

• Sweden Facts and Figures.

  Female 83.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 78.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 3 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 328 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 278 people (2000) Literacy rateTotal 99 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.7 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher,...

• Namibia Facts and Figures.

  Female 41.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 44.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 47 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 3,363 people (2004) Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 85.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 85.3 percent (2005 estimate) Male 85.5 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2001...

• Democratic Republic of the Congo Facts and Figures.

  Female 59.9 years (2008 estimate) Male 55.3 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 64 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 9,339 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 701 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 89.8 percent (2005 estimate) Female 84.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 95 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 1 percent (1985) Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2002-2003)...

• Greece Facts and Figures.

  Female 82.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 77 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 227 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 213 people (2000) Literacy rateTotal 97.7 percent (2005 estimate) Female 96.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 98.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-200...

• Luxembourg Facts and Figures.

  Female 82.7 years (2008 estimate) Male 75.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 393 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 167 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 100 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, p...

• Jordan Facts and Figures.

  Female 81.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 76.2 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 16 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 493 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 588 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 92.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 87.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 96.5 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.1 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (20...

• Argentina Facts and Figures.

  Female 80.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 72.8 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 14 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 332 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 244 people (2000) Literacy rateTotal 97.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 97.3 percent (2005 estimate) Male 97.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.3 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (20...

• South Korea Facts and Figures.

  Female 81.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 74 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 6 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 554 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 141 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 98.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 97.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 99.3 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.2 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2...

• Men's Swimming: Olympic Gold Medalists.

  1896 Alfréd Hajós Hungary 1:22.20 1904 1 Zoltán Halmay Hungary 1:02.80 1906 Charles Daniels United States 1:13.40 1908 Charles Daniels United States 1:05.60 1912 Duke Kahanamoku United States 1:03.40 1920 Duke Kahanamoku United States 1:00.40 1924 Johnny Weissmuller United States 59.00 1928 Johnny Weissmuller United States 58.60 1932 Yasuji Miyazaki Japan 58.20 1936 Ferenc Csík Hungary 57.60 1948 Walter Ris United States 57.30 1952 Clarke Scholes United States 57.40 1956 Jon Henricks Austria 55...

• Men's Swimming: Olympic Gold Medalists.

  1896 Alfréd Hajós Hungary 1:22.20 1904 1 Zoltán Halmay Hungary 1:02.80 1906 Charles Daniels United States 1:13.40 1908 Charles Daniels United States 1:05.60 1912 Duke Kahanamoku United States 1:03.40 1920 Duke Kahanamoku United States 1:00.40 1924 Johnny Weissmuller United States 59.00 1928 Johnny Weissmuller United States 58.60 1932 Yasuji Miyazaki Japan 58.20 1936 Ferenc Csík Hungary 57.60 1948 Walter Ris United States 57.30 1952 Clarke Scholes United States 57.40 1956 Jon Henricks Austria 55...

• Samuel de Champlain.

  From 1616 to 1620 Champlain spent most of each year in France, with brief summer visits to Québec. In France he had to struggle to keep the Canadian enterprisealive, raise capital, and enlist workers. He also had to fight to keep his command over Québec. In 1618 he presented reports on the future of the French colonies inAmerica to the king and to the French Chamber of Commerce. In these reports he proposed that 300 settler families and 15 Récollets be established at Québec, with 300 soldiers to...

• Samuel de Champlain - explorer.

  From 1616 to 1620 Champlain spent most of each year in France, with brief summer visits to Québec. In France he had to struggle to keep the Canadian enterprisealive, raise capital, and enlist workers. He also had to fight to keep his command over Québec. In 1618 he presented reports on the future of the French colonies inAmerica to the king and to the French Chamber of Commerce. In these reports he proposed that 300 settler families and 15 Récollets be established at Québec, with 300 soldiers to...

• Earth (planet).

  Milky Way to complete one revolution around the Galaxy’s center. Earth’s axis of rotation is inclined (tilted) 23.5° relative to its plane of revolution around the Sun. This inclination of the axis creates the seasons and causes the height of the Sun in the sky at noon to increase and decrease as the seasons change. The Northern Hemisphere receives the most energy from the Sun when it is tiltedtoward the Sun. This orientation corresponds to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the S...

• Earth (planet) - astronomy.

  Milky Way to complete one revolution around the Galaxy’s center. Earth’s axis of rotation is inclined (tilted) 23.5° relative to its plane of revolution around the Sun. This inclination of the axis creates the seasons and causes the height of the Sun in the sky at noon to increase and decrease as the seasons change. The Northern Hemisphere receives the most energy from the Sun when it is tiltedtoward the Sun. This orientation corresponds to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the S...

• Ivan IV Vasilyevich I INTRODUCTION Ivan IV Vasilyevich or Ivan the Terrible (1530-1584), grand prince of Muscovy (1533-1584) and the first formally proclaimed tsar of Russia (1547-1584).

  That same year Ivan resumed rule over all of Muscovy, much of which was in ruins. But in 1575 he farcically abdicated in favor of a Christianized Tatar, SimeonBekbulatovich, for a year. The tragedies of Ivan's existence were not yet over. In 1582 his daughter-in-law Elena appeared immodestly dressed and Ivan censured her.His son Ivan Ivanovich rose to defend his wife, whereupon the tsar killed his son, his only possible respectable heir. This left as heir Ivan’s feebleminded son Fyodor(reigned 1...

• Ivan IV Vasilyevich.

  That same year Ivan resumed rule over all of Muscovy, much of which was in ruins. But in 1575 he farcically abdicated in favor of a Christianized Tatar, SimeonBekbulatovich, for a year. The tragedies of Ivan's existence were not yet over. In 1582 his daughter-in-law Elena appeared immodestly dressed and Ivan censured her.His son Ivan Ivanovich rose to defend his wife, whereupon the tsar killed his son, his only possible respectable heir. This left as heir Ivan’s feebleminded son Fyodor(reigned 1...

• Glacier.

  covered. In spring the snow cover begins to melt in the lower reaches, exposing the ice surface. As temperatures increase, the melting moves up the glacier. Thesnowline is the highest position the melting reaches during the year. Firn is old granular snow. The firn limit may not exactly coincide with the annual snowline since insome years rapid melting leaves behind firn patches below the snowline. Some glaciers exhibit features called ice streams and icefalls. Ice streams are valley glaciers th...

• Vertebrate - biology.

  E Reptiles Compared to amphibians, reptiles are much more fully adapted to life on land. They have scaly, waterproof skin, and they either give birth to live young or lay eggs withwaterproof shells. There are about 7,000 species alive today, including snakes, alligators, and turtles. During the age of the dinosaurs, about 230 million to 65 millionyears ago, reptiles outnumbered all other land vertebrates put together. F Birds Birds evolved from flightless reptiles but underwent some major chan...