Lamarck et Darwin en anglais

« Introduction Who was Lamarck and who was Darwin and why are they important in biology? Well, every great theory had its predecessor and Darwin's great theories of natural selection have its predecessor Lamarck and many others.

This well-known theoretical battle and evolutionary biology continue to help foster ideas about evolutionary biology well after this debate was thought to be concluded. Who was Lamarck? Born in France on 1 August in 1744 to an aristocratic father, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was the youngest of eleven children. He initially followed in his family’s tradition and became a soldier at the age of seventeen but an injury forced him to retire.

Garrisoned in the south of France, he developed an interest in collecting plants. Lamarck then worked for a bank clerk for a short time and he then began to study medicine and botany. He issued his first work, the three volumes French Flora in 1778. He soon gained worldwide acclaim and began a career in 1788 at the prestigious botanical garden, Jardin du Roi, in Paris (now Jardin des Plantes). Lamarck’s theory of evolution was published in his 1809 book “Zoological Philosophy”. Lamarck went blind and died in Paris on December 18, 1829 at the age of eighty-five. Who was Darwin? Charles Darwin was born in 1809 in Shrewsbury, England.

His father, a doctor, had high hopes that his son would earn a medical degree.

It turned out that Darwin was more interested in natural history than medicine. In 1831, Darwin embarked on a voyage aboard a ship of the British Royal Navy, the HMS Beagle, employed as a naturalist.

Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals, rocks, and fossils.

He explored regions in Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and remote islands such as the Galápagos.

He packed all of his specimens into crates and sent them back to England aboard other vessels. Upon his return to England in 1836, Darwin’s work continued.

Studies of his samples and notes from the trip led to groundbreaking scientific discoveries.

In 1859, Darwin published his thoughts about evolution and natural selection in On the Origin of Species.

It was as popular as it was controversial.

Charles Darwin died in 1882 at the age of seventy-three.. »