1490 résultats pour "most"

• Decker Slaney Goes the Distance.

  to where I felt relaxed.” She ran the laps in approximately 76 seconds each, running each of the six miles in under 5 minutes 10 seconds to finish at 31 minutes 35.3seconds, the fastest 10,000 meters ever run by a woman on a track. It was her third world record in six weeks. Decker Slaney continued to set world records. At the 1983 World Track and Field Championships in Helsinki, Finland, she raced against the best Russian andEastern European runners. In the 3000 meters she surprised the fie...

• The Beatles I INTRODUCTION Beatlemania BBC Worldwide Americas, Inc.

  more sophisticated lyrical ideas. The group’s next album, Rubber Soul (1965), is regarded as a creative breakthrough. It featured instruments innovative to Western pop/rock music, such as the Indian sitar, and experimental sounds. The Revolver album (1966) was another important advance in songwriting and musical craftsmanship for the band. IV LATER YEARS AND BREAKUP The pressures caused by the group’s extreme popularity—known as Beatlemania—resulted in safety problems for the group, especi...

• Victoria (city, British Columbia) - Geography.

  routes, and good agricultural land. These advantages were publicized by Sir James Douglas, the chief factor (administrative head) of the company’s Pacific Coastoperations, who founded the fort. They were in turn recognized by the British Colonial Office, which made Victoria the capital of the colony of Vancouver’s Island (the oldname for Vancouver Island) in 1849. The community’s growing commercial importance during the Fraser River and Cariboo gold rushes of the 1850s led to itsincorporation in...

• Charlottetown - Geography.

  Royalty. In 1864 Charlottetown was the site of the Charlottetown Conference, a meeting between representatives of most of the British North American colonies to discussConfederation. The meeting was a success, and led eventually to the establishment of the Dominion of Canada in 1867. Charlottetown was incorporated in 1855, with a population of 6500. On July 16, 1866, the city experienced its worst of several fires. “The Great Fire” broke out in an oldbuilding near the waterfront. It was thought...

• Robot.

  V IMPACT OF ROBOTS Robotic manipulators create manufactured products that are of higher quality and lower cost. But robots can cause the loss of unskilled jobs, particularly on assemblylines in factories. New jobs are created in software and sensor development, in robot installation and maintenance, and in the conversion of old factories and the designof new ones. These new jobs, however, require higher levels of skill and training. Technologically oriented societies must face the task of retra...

• Wrestling.

  (4) Escapes are scored when a wrestler, controlled by the opponent on the mat, frees himself or herself and moves to a standing position, facing the opponent. Common escapes include the standup and the sitout. V HISTORY Wrestling has been popular throughout recorded history. Origins of the sport can be traced back 15,000 years through depictions in cave drawings in France. EarlyEgyptian and Babylonian reliefs depict wrestlers using most of the holds known to the present-day sport. In ancient G...

• Theseus - Mythology.

  claim his birthright from his father, the king. Aethra took Theseus, when he was 16, to the rock, which the lad lifted easily, and sent him on his way to Athens. Theseus had many adventures on his journey and entered Athens as a hero. Warmly welcomed by his father, Theseus then went on to his greatest adventure, the slaying of the Minotaur, the dreaded bullmonster of King Minos of Crete. Every year, Minos demanded seven men and seven maids from Athens to be sacrificed to the Minotaur, thus bring...

• The Tennis Battle of the Sexes.

  and a raincoat. With the rise in women's tennis Riggs saw the chance for a huge hustle and began making blunt statements about the weakness of the women's game. He challengedany of the top five players on the women's circuit to a match. Margaret Smith Court responded, and the two met on Mother's Day, May 12, 1973. Riggs, a slight,almost frail-looking man, 5-foot-5, with heavy black glasses, looked more like Woody Allen than a chiseled tennis professional, but he possessed an assortment oftri...

• Arthur Miller I INTRODUCTION Arthur Miller American playwright Arthur Miller began writing plays while a student at the University of Michigan.

  devoted his life to the pursuit of “success.” His misguided philosophy has ruined the lives of his wife and two sons. When Loman is too old to travel, he loses his job. In aseries of scenes, brilliantly dramatized by the playwright, Loman relives his experiences. Eventually his mind begins to fail, and he commits suicide. Although Miller generally wrote in a realistic style ( see Realism), much of Death of a Salesman is conveyed expressionistically ( see Expressionism) through Willy Loman’s mi...

• Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky I INTRODUCTION Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky's work combined Russian and European influences.

  The period of his connection with von Meck was one of rich productivity for Tchaikovsky. To this time belong the operas Eugene Onegin (1879), The Maid of Orleans (1881), Mazeppa (1884), and The Sorceress (1887); the ballets Swan Lake (1877) and The Sleeping Beauty (1890); the Violin Concerto in D Major (1878) and the Piano Concerto No. 2 in G Major (1881); the orchestral works Marche Slave (1876), Symphony No. 4 in F Minor (1878), Capriccio Italien (1880), Serenade (1881), the 1...

• EM Forster, A passage to India

  helpless victim, however, partially to retain her dignity and partially because she remains unsure of the actual legitimacy of her charges. Two significant forces trouble Adela: ___The first is her doubt that Aziz is guilty of the crime with which she has charged him, and she even tells Ronny that she believes she has made a mistake. Mrs. Moore confirms this doubt, definitively stating to Adela that Aziz is innocent. Her statement contains great significance, for Mrs. Moore serves as a paragon o...

• From Bulfinch's Mythology: Minerva (Athena) - anthology.

  Spenser tells the story of Arachne in his 'Muiopotmos,' adhering very closely to his master Ovid, but improving upon him in the conclusion of the story. The twostanzas which follow tell what was done after the goddess had depicted her creation of the olive tree: 'Amongst these leaves she made a Butterfly, With excellent device and wondrous slight,Fluttering among the olives wantonly,That seemed to live, so like it was in sight;The velvet nap which on his wings doth lie,The silken down with whic...

• Bridge (game).

  IV DUPLICATE BRIDGE Duplicate bridge is a variety of contract bridge in which the element of luck affecting the final score is greatly decreased and the factor of skill is correspondinglyincreased. Duplicate is virtually the only game now played in championship bridge tournaments and matches. Duplicate bridge can be played by any number of players divided into pairs or teams. Each pair competes against all (or in some duplicate tournaments against half) theother pairs. The cards are all dealt...

• Periodic Law - chemistry.

  VI QUANTUM THEORY With the development of the quantum theory and its application to atomic structure by the Danish physicist Niels Bohr and other scientists, most of the detailedfeatures of the periodic table have found a ready explanation. Every electron is characterized by four quantum numbers that designate its orbital motion in space. Bymeans of the selection rules governing these quantum numbers and the exclusion principle of Wolfgang Pauli, which states that two electrons in the same ato...

• Macroeconomics.

  IV INFLATION For several decades after World War II (1939-1945) the main inflation theories were demand-pull and cost-push. The cost-push theory basically emphasized the role ofexcessive increases in wages relative to productivity increases as a cause of inflation, whereas the demand-pull theory tended to attribute inflation more to excessdemand in the goods market caused by expansion of the money supply. A central concept in inflationary theory since the mid-1950s has been the Phillips curve...

• Babe Ruth.

  earned. But Ruth’s boyish exuberance, compassion for hospitalized children, and personal warmth and generosity endeared him to most people. During the 1926 World Seriesagainst the St. Louis Cardinals, Ruth received word that one of his fans, a boy named Johnny Sylvester, was hospitalized and extremely ill. Ruth wrote the boy atelegram and promised to hit a home run for him in that day’s game. Ruth made good on his promise with not only one, but three homers. And even at the height offame and for...

• St. Louis (city) - geography. I INTRODUCTION Skyline of St. Louis, Missouri St. Louis,

  The metropolitan counties to the east of the Mississippi River in Illinois are home to both industry and fertile farmlands. The only heavily urbanized sections lie close to theriver in St. Clair County, site of East Saint Louis, and Madison County. The economy of East Saint Louis has been depressed since the 1960s, and the city is plagued bycrime, deteriorated housing, and declining property values. Several small cities have split off from East Saint Louis, taking large factories and much of the...

• Child Labor.

  States, are usually not subject to state laws because they do not fulfill residency requirements, and they are often unable to attend local schools, which have noprovisions for seasonal increases in school enrollment. Other children exempted from federal and state labor laws are children employed as actors and performers inradio, television, and motion pictures, as newspaper deliverers and sales personnel, or as part-time workers at home. IV INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS In the early 21st century, ch...

• Bullfighting.

  V THE GREAT MATADORS Ranking the great matadors is highly subjective. Most aficionados would agree, however, that the following names must be included in any list of the modern greats:Rodolfo Gaona, Armillita (Fermín Espinosa), and Arruza, of Mexico; and Belmonte, Manolete, and Antonio Ordoñez, of Spain. Few South Americans have made an impacton the international bullfighting world. Although several North Americans have attempted careers as matadors, only Sidney Franklin and John Fulton Short m...

• Game Theory I INTRODUCTION Game Theory, mathematical analysis of any situation involving a conflict of interest, with the intent of indicating the optimal choices that, under given conditions, will lead to a desired outcome.

  C Zero-Sum Games A game is said to be a zero-sum game if the total amount of payoffs at the end of the game is zero. Thus, in a zero-sum game the total amount won is exactly equal tothe amount lost. In economic contexts, zero-sum games are equivalent to saying that no production or destruction of goods takes place within the “game economy” inquestion. Von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern showed in 1944 that any n-person non-zero-sum game can be reduced to an n + 1 zero-sum game, and that such n...

• Alexander Mackenzie.

  depression continued, manufacturers and farmers began to think a protective tariff might bring relief. The finance minister seemed ready to agree, but during a visit toScotland in the summer of 1875, Mackenzie declared that the principles of free trade were “the principles of civilization.” When he returned to Canada, there was nomention of a higher tariff in the budget of 1876. Personal characteristics also influenced Mackenzie's failure. As minister of public works he spent up to 14 hours a da...

• Alexander Mackenzie - Canadian History.

  depression continued, manufacturers and farmers began to think a protective tariff might bring relief. The finance minister seemed ready to agree, but during a visit toScotland in the summer of 1875, Mackenzie declared that the principles of free trade were “the principles of civilization.” When he returned to Canada, there was nomention of a higher tariff in the budget of 1876. Personal characteristics also influenced Mackenzie's failure. As minister of public works he spent up to 14 hours a da...

• Alexander Mackenzie - Canadian History.

  depression continued, manufacturers and farmers began to think a protective tariff might bring relief. The finance minister seemed ready to agree, but during a visit toScotland in the summer of 1875, Mackenzie declared that the principles of free trade were “the principles of civilization.” When he returned to Canada, there was nomention of a higher tariff in the budget of 1876. Personal characteristics also influenced Mackenzie's failure. As minister of public works he spent up to 14 hours a da...

• Checks and Balances.

  no political interest has enough power to prevail over the others. In 1997 and early 1998, for example, the Senate refused to take action on many of President BillClinton’s appointments of new federal court judges. Although the Senate’s power to approve or reject federal court nominees is one of the key checks on presidentialauthority, the dispute between Clinton and the Senate meant that there were not enough federal judges to handle the court’s workload. But the system of checks andbalance was...

• Japanese Music I INTRODUCTION Shamisen Performance The shamisen is a Japanese instrument with three strings.

  utilizes six modes, or scales, of Chinese origin, all derived from two basic pentatonic (five-note) scales: ryo, D E-flat G A B-flat, plus F and C as auxiliary pitches; and ritsu, D F G A C, plus auxiliary pitches E-flat and B-flat. The meters in gagaku music are basically duple (in twos). IV DRAMATIC MUSIC Classical Nō Drama of JapanInspired both spiritually and artistically by Zen Buddhism, the Japanese n ō theater is composed of four main components:music (voices, instruments), choreogra...

• Claude Monet I INTRODUCTION Monet's Gardens at Giverny From 1890 until his death in 1926, Claude Monet lived and painted in the small village of Giverny, near Paris.

  small works, Monet’s quick daubs of fresh colors aptly capture the movement of the water and gaiety of the scene. Despite his father's disapproval, in 1870 Monet married Camille, who had already borne him a son. To escape the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), during whichGerman troops threatened Paris, the couple went to London, then to Holland. They returned in 1872 and settled in Argenteuil, a sailing center on the Seine Riveroutside Paris. Monet painted numerous vibrant, light-filled views of...

• Joseph Stalin I INTRODUCTION Joseph Stalin (1879-1953), general secretary of the Communist Party

  V FOREIGN POLICIES Although Stalin’s policy in the mid-1930s was to support the Communist International (Comintern) in forming a popular front against the rise of fascism in Europe, hegave up the idea of collective security with the West and in August 1939 decided upon an alliance with Nazi Germany. The “Secret Protocols” of the German-SovietNonaggression Pact carved up Eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence; the Soviets allowed Germany to invade Poland in exchange for Hitle...

• Joseph Stalin.

  V FOREIGN POLICIES Although Stalin’s policy in the mid-1930s was to support the Communist International (Comintern) in forming a popular front against the rise of fascism in Europe, hegave up the idea of collective security with the West and in August 1939 decided upon an alliance with Nazi Germany. The “Secret Protocols” of the German-SovietNonaggression Pact carved up Eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence; the Soviets allowed Germany to invade Poland in exchange for Hitle...

• Joseph Stalin .

  V FOREIGN POLICIES Although Stalin’s policy in the mid-1930s was to support the Communist International (Comintern) in forming a popular front against the rise of fascism in Europe, hegave up the idea of collective security with the West and in August 1939 decided upon an alliance with Nazi Germany. The “Secret Protocols” of the German-SovietNonaggression Pact carved up Eastern Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence; the Soviets allowed Germany to invade Poland in exchange for Hitle...

• Édouard Manet I INTRODUCTION Manet: Tradition and Innovation French impressionist painter Édouard Manet shocked art audiences in Paris with Le déjeuner sur l'herbe (The Luncheon on the Grass; 1863, Musée d'Orsay, Paris), which depicts a nude woman at a woodland picnic.

  Le Déjeuner sur l’herbeLe Déjeuner sur l’herbe (Luncheon on the Grass) by Édouard Manet was painted in 1863. When it was first displayed, therough brushwork and undefined areas of color were as distressing to the public as the nude woman who was neither aclassical goddess nor a symbol in an allegory. Manet claimed that the real subject of the painting was light, and it was thatphilosophy that gave birth to impressionism.Bridgeman Art Library, London/New York After his father died in 1862, Manet...

• Samuel de Champlain.

  From 1616 to 1620 Champlain spent most of each year in France, with brief summer visits to Québec. In France he had to struggle to keep the Canadian enterprisealive, raise capital, and enlist workers. He also had to fight to keep his command over Québec. In 1618 he presented reports on the future of the French colonies inAmerica to the king and to the French Chamber of Commerce. In these reports he proposed that 300 settler families and 15 Récollets be established at Québec, with 300 soldiers to...

• Samuel de Champlain - explorer.

  From 1616 to 1620 Champlain spent most of each year in France, with brief summer visits to Québec. In France he had to struggle to keep the Canadian enterprisealive, raise capital, and enlist workers. He also had to fight to keep his command over Québec. In 1618 he presented reports on the future of the French colonies inAmerica to the king and to the French Chamber of Commerce. In these reports he proposed that 300 settler families and 15 Récollets be established at Québec, with 300 soldiers to...

• New Orleans - geography.

  levees bordering Lake Pontchartrain. On the 17th Street Canal, a section about 90 m (about 300 ft) wide collapsed, allowing a torrent of water to enter the city. The rapidlyrising waters flooded more than 80 percent of New Orleans. The disaster prompted a mandatory evacuation of the entire city. A week after the storm, the U.S. Army Corpsof Engineers finished patching the 17th Street Canal levee and began pumping water out of the city. But by then the damage was catastrophic. The city’s low-lyin...

• Martin Luther I INTRODUCTION Martin Luther (1483-1546), German theologian and religious reformer, who

  VI THEOLOGY Luther was not a systematic theologian, but his work was subtle, complex, and immensely influential. It was inspired by his careful study of the New Testament, but itwas also influenced in important respects by the great 4th-century theologian Saint Augustine. A Law and Gospel Luther maintained that God interacts with human beings in two ways—through the law and through the Gospel. The law represents God’s demands—as expressed, for example, in the Ten Commandments and the golden r...

• Martin Luther.

  VI THEOLOGY Luther was not a systematic theologian, but his work was subtle, complex, and immensely influential. It was inspired by his careful study of the New Testament, but itwas also influenced in important respects by the great 4th-century theologian Saint Augustine. A Law and Gospel Luther maintained that God interacts with human beings in two ways—through the law and through the Gospel. The law represents God’s demands—as expressed, for example, in the Ten Commandments and the golden r...

• Fur Trade in North America - Canadian History.

  Injured by the competition from the North West Company, the Hudson’s Bay Company changed its methods in the late 18th century and began extending its operationsinland. After a period of intense and often violent conflict, the two companies merged in 1821 under the charter of the Hudson’s Bay Company. The trade monopoly andpower to govern that had been originally given to Hudson’s Bay in 1670 were extended to all British-held territory west of Rupert’s Land. The company dominated mostof present-d...

• Mfecane.

  The Kololo, a Sotho people, entered the same region in the early 1820s after being driven from their homeland south of the Vaal River by the Ngwane-Hlubi wars. In1823 the Kololo clashed with the Griqua and turned north into the Kalahari Desert. They eventually crossed the Zambezi and finally settled in what is now westernZambia after overthrowing the powerful Lozi Kingdom in 1840. D Founding of the Sotho Nation The Ngwane-Hlubi wars also drove loosely organized Sotho communities north into the...

• Napoleon I I INTRODUCTION Napoleon I (1769-1821), emperor of the French, whose imperial dictatorship ended the French Revolution (1789-1799) while consolidating the reforms it had brought about.

  until after Napoleon’s fall did the common people of Europe, alienated from his governments by war taxes and military conscription, fully appreciate the benefits he hadgiven them. VI NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL In 1812 Napoleon, whose alliance with Alexander I had disintegrated, launched an invasion of Russia that ended in a disastrous retreat from Moscow. Thereafter allEurope united against him, and although he fought on, and brilliantly, the odds were impossible. In April 1814, his marshals refused...

• Napoleon I.

  until after Napoleon’s fall did the common people of Europe, alienated from his governments by war taxes and military conscription, fully appreciate the benefits he hadgiven them. VI NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL In 1812 Napoleon, whose alliance with Alexander I had disintegrated, launched an invasion of Russia that ended in a disastrous retreat from Moscow. Thereafter allEurope united against him, and although he fought on, and brilliantly, the odds were impossible. In April 1814, his marshals refused...

• Napoleon I .

  until after Napoleon’s fall did the common people of Europe, alienated from his governments by war taxes and military conscription, fully appreciate the benefits he hadgiven them. VI NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL In 1812 Napoleon, whose alliance with Alexander I had disintegrated, launched an invasion of Russia that ended in a disastrous retreat from Moscow. Thereafter allEurope united against him, and although he fought on, and brilliantly, the odds were impossible. In April 1814, his marshals refused...

• Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

  Perry declared prohibition unenforceable and canceled the policing contracts for the two provinces. The strength of the force dwindled further as its members wererecruited into the military. Many, including Perry, believed it would not last into peacetime. VI EXPANSION TO A NATIONAL ROLE After the war Newton W. Rowell, a federal cabinet minister, was sent across western Canada to assess the future of the Mounties. The options were either to eliminatethe North-West Mounted Police or to expand i...

• Rembrandt I INTRODUCTION Rembrandt (1606-1669), Dutch baroque artist, who ranks as one of the greatest painters in the history of Western art.

  of his collection of art and antiquities, taken before an auction to pay his debts, showed the breadth of Rembrandt's interests: ancient sculpture, Flemish and ItalianRenaissance paintings, Far Eastern art, contemporary Dutch works, weapons, and armor. Unfortunately, the results of the auction—including the sale of hishouse—were disappointing. These problems in no way affected Rembrandt's work; if anything, his artistry increased. Some of the great paintings from this period are The Jewish Brid...

• Atlanta - geography.

  Prominent cultural and historical institutions in the city include the High Museum of Art (1983), designed by the noted postmodern American architect Richard Meier; theAtlanta Symphony; the Atlanta History Center, which maintains a history museum, historic houses and gardens, and extensive library and archives; NexusContemporary Art Center; the Robert W. Woodruff Arts Center; the Apex Museum; the Michael C. Carlos Museum at Emory University; the Clark Atlanta University ArtGallery; Fernbank Scie...

• Excerpt from The Merry Wives of Windsor - anthology.

  MISTRESS FORD. O sweet Sir John! FALSTAFF. Mistress Ford, I cannot cog, I cannot prate, Mistress Ford. Now shall I sin in my wish: I would thy husband were dead. I'll speak it before the best lord, Iwould make thee my lady. MISTRESS FORD. I your lady, Sir John? Alas, I should be a pitiful lady. FALSTAFF. Let the court of France show me such another. I see how thine eye would emulate the diamond. Thou hast the right arched beauty of the brow thatbecomes the ship-tire, the tire-valiant, or any tir...

• Denver - geography.

  Denver is the center of professional sports in the Rocky Mountain region. Major league teams are the Denver Broncos (football), Colorado Rockies (baseball), DenverNuggets (basketball), and Colorado Avalanche (ice hockey). Coors Field (opened in 1995) is the home of the Colorado Rockies. The Broncos began play at the newlyconstructed Invesco Field at Mile High in 2001, and the Nuggets and Avalanche play at the Pepsi Center. The National Western Stock Show and Rodeo, one of thelargest such shows i...

• From Bulfinch's Mythology: Theseus - anthology.

  One of the most celebrated of the adventures of Theseus is his expedition against the Amazons. He assailed them before they had recovered from the attack ofHercules, and carried off their queen Antiope. The Amazons in their turn invaded the country of Athens and penetrated into the city itself; and the final battle inwhich Theseus overcame them was fought in the very midst of the city. This battle was one of the favourite subjects of the ancient sculptors, and is commemorated inseveral works of...

• Woman Suffrage - U.

  form the National American Woman Suffrage Association. For many years thereafter the association worked to advance women’s rights on both the state and federallevels. Besides Stone, Anthony, and Stanton, leaders and supporters of the association included the noted American feminists Harriet Beecher Stowe, Julia Ward Howe,Clara Barton, Jane Addams, and Carrie Chapman Catt. Largely as a result of agitation by the association, suffrage was granted in the states of Colorado (1893), Utahand Idaho (18...

• Condorcet, Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas Caritat de

  years he also came under the influence of Euler, Fontaine, the Bernouillis and, above all, of the distinguished mathematician and academician, Jean Le Rond D'Alembert , who became his patron. He was elected Perpetual Secretary of the Academy of Sciences in 1773, and in 1782 became a member of the French Academy. An enthusiastic supporter and theorist of the Revolution, he played an important role in the drafting of the Déclaration des droits in 1789. Suspected later of being a Girondin, he w...

• Liechtenstein - country.

  principal crops are corn, potatoes, barley, wheat, and vegetables. Grapes are grown for wine production. Cattle and sheep are raised for meat and dairy products. B Manufacturing Liechtenstein has few raw materials and must import more than 90 percent of its energy sources. Consequently, Liechtenstein has no heavy industry. Instead, theprincipality has developed a number of efficient, small-scale industries that manufacture specialized goods such as false teeth and dental supplies, pharmaceutica...

• African Theater I INTRODUCTION African Theater, traditional, historical, and contemporary dramatic forms in Africa south of the Sahara.

  The period after World War II ended in 1945 led to the struggle for and achievement of independence in many African countries. The new nation-states were oftenestablished along colonial boundaries and power was handed over to a bourgeois class who had been educated in Europe. The epoch-making era of nationalismproduced a number of African playwrights who merged African theatrical traditions with European forms. These plays are still widely performed and read in many partsof the continent. Nigeri...