852 résultats pour "wélé"

• Welfare.

  industrializing societies. Governments typically financed social insurance programs with tax funds and direct levies on the wages of potential recipients. Social insurancereplaced part of incomes lost when workers became disabled, were laid off, or had reached an age that forced them out of the labor market. Later, governments of Germany, France, Belgium, Sweden, and other countries developed forms of social insurance that provided population-wide, or universal,coverage. Such forms included chil...

• New Orleans - geography.

  D Metropolitan Region The New Orleans metropolitan region covers 8,800 sq km (3,400 sq mi) and includes the counties—known in Louisiana as parishes— of Orleans, Jefferson, Saint Bernard, Saint Charles, Saint John the Baptist, Saint Tammany, Saint James, and Plaquemines. At the center is the city of New Orleans, which is coextensive withOrleans Parish. It has a land area of 468 sq km (181 sq mi). Extending from this base are numerous suburban towns in the surrounding parishes. Metairie, Harahan...

• Manitoba - Geography.

  E Plant Life Forests cover 66 percent of Manitoba. The main forest area is divided into the boreal forest and the mixed-wood forest. The boreal, or northern, forest containsconiferous (cone-bearing) trees, especially white and black spruce, balsam fir, and jack pine. South of the boreal forest is the mixed-wood forest, which contains conifers as well as such deciduous trees as white birch, aspen, poplar, and Manitoba maple. Prairie land is found in the southwest, where the natural vegetation i...

• Manitoba - Canadian History.

  E Plant Life Forests cover 66 percent of Manitoba. The main forest area is divided into the boreal forest and the mixed-wood forest. The boreal, or northern, forest containsconiferous (cone-bearing) trees, especially white and black spruce, balsam fir, and jack pine. South of the boreal forest is the mixed-wood forest, which contains conifers as well as such deciduous trees as white birch, aspen, poplar, and Manitoba maple. Prairie land is found in the southwest, where the natural vegetation i...

• Naiads (Naiades) Greek Nymphs of fresh bodies of water, such as springs, wells, brooks, streams, lakes, and marshes.

• A Propos Dickens: Charles John Huffam Dickens pen-name "Boz", was the foremost English novelist of the Victorian era, as well as a vigorous social campaigner.

  Chapitre 1 Les Pickwickiens. Le premier jetdelumière quiconvertit enune clarté brillante lesténèbres dontparaissait enveloppée l’apparitiondel’immortel Pickwicksurl’horizon dumonde savant, lapremière mention officielle decet homme prodigieux, setrouve danslesstatuts insérés parmilesprocès- verbaux duPickwick-Club. L’éditeurduprésent ouvrage estheureux depouvoir lesmettre sous les yeux deses lecteurs, commeunepreuve del’attention scrupuleuse, del’infatigable assiduité, delasagacité investigatrice...

• Robigo and Robigus Roman Two deities, a goddess and god, who watched over growing fields of wheat and grain and who, if not treated well, brought rust or mildew to crops.

• Holy Grail I INTRODUCTION King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table The semilegendary King Arthur is probably the most well-known king in all of English literature.

• Devoir d'anglais correction

  particular occasion you lacked the tiny bit that would have made the differenceor, as in the given example, you gave the wrong answer to one essential question.The document suggests that in order to take no chances when preparing for a job interview, you should stick asclosely as possible to the skills and attributes mentioned in the job advertisement. If you don't get the job, youshould be prepared to accept it and move on.Being well aware of the qualities required for a position is vital, but...

• Supercomputer.

  the specific model and configuration of the supercomputer. In July 1995, computer scientists at the University of Tokyo, in Japan, broke the 1 teraflop (1 trillion floating-point operations per second) mark with a computer theydesigned to perform astrophysical simulations. Named GRAPE-4 (GRAvity PipE number 4), this MPP supercomputer consisted of 1,692 interconnected processors. InNovember 1996, Cray Research debuted the CRAY T3E-900, the first commercially available supercomputer to offer teraf...

• Evans Wins Gold.

  have fun.” Although she acted like a bubbly teenager, she undoubtedly possessed a competitive fire. As her coach Bud McAllister told Women's Sports and Fitness, “It's like death for her to lose.” Swimmer and television analyst John Naber added, “Janet doesn't swim a race, she attacks a race,” according to the magazine. “Andthat tells you a lot about what is going on upstairs.” Meanwhile, television viewers in the United States admired the teenager who almost single-handedly salvagedthe U.S. wom...

• From Uncle Tom's Cabin - anthology.

  the evils of slavery from sketches like these, is not the half that could be told, of the unspeakable whole. In the northern states, these representations may, perhaps, be thought caricatures; in the southern states are witnesses who know their fidelity. What personalknowledge the author has had, of the truth of incidents such as here are related, will appear in its time. It is a comfort to hope, as so many of the world's sorrows and wrongs have, from age to age, been lived down, so a ti...

• Athens (Greece) - geography.

  expected to further develop the city’s tourism industry. Athens serves as the hub of Greece’s national transportation network. The Greek railway system is centered in Athens, and ferries sail to the rest of the country from theport at Piraeus. The urban area itself in Athens is served by taxis and public buses that must contend with heavily congested traffic. The major part of the city’s metrosubway, Attiko Metro (Athens Metro), was completed in 2000 and serves the heart of Athens; extensions to...

• Chromosome.

  chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. A translocation involving chromosomes 9 and 22 is linked to a type of leukemia called chronic myelogenicleukemia. On the sex chromosomes, problems arise in men when an abnormal gene is present on the X chromosome. With no healthy gene found on the Y chromosometo override the abnormal gene, disease may result. For example, men who inherit a mutated gene that causes hemophilia from their mother on the X chromosome willdevelop this bleeding...

• science-fiction, littérature de - littérature.

  sexe et la morale, l’essor des sciences humaines. La science-fiction exprime aussi à cette époque des doutes à l’égard du progrès technologique, se faisant ainsi l’écho de la critique du positivisme scientifique. Bien qu’inventé par un écrivain américain, Robert Heinlein, le terme de speculative fiction (« fiction spéculative ») est repris par les auteurs britanniques (John Brunner, Ian Watson), puis français pour désigner ce nouveau courant qui, tout en se situant dans une certaine tradition...

• NASA - astronomy.

  Challenger shuttle after launch in 1986 and the Columbia shuttle during reentry in 2003, killing both crews. Investigations traced the accidents to design flaws and tomanagement problems. Both accidents led to design and procedure changes, and to a temporary stoppage of shuttle flights. Following the Columbia disaster, NASA alsoannounced plans to retire the shuttle in 2010, after completion of the International Space Station (ISS), a human orbital research facility. The Constellation program is...

• Calligraphy I INTRODUCTION Japanese Calligraphy This hanging scroll is an example of Japanese calligraphy.

  Section of the Egyptian Book of the DeadThe Egyptian Book of the Dead was a text containing prayers, spells, and hymns, the knowledge of which was to be usedby the dead to guide and protect the soul on the hazardous journey through the afterlife. This section of one such book,dating from the early 19th Dynasty, shows the final judgment of the deceased (in this case Hu-Nefer, the royal scribe)before Osiris, the god of the dead. Hieroglyphs as well as illustrations portray the ritual of weighing t...

• Seoul - geography.

  higher learning in South Korea. All of South Korea’s top-ranked universities are in Seoul, including Chung-ang University (1918), Ewha Women’s University (1886),Korea University (1905), Seoul National University (1946), Sogang University (1960), Sung Kyun Kwan University (1938), and Yonsei University (1885). The National Museum features collections of Korean art and artifacts, and the National Science Museum showcases modern Korean technology. The National Library ofKorea, the country’s largest...

• Leonardo da Vinci.

  Leonardo's stylistic innovations are even more apparent in The Last Supper, in which he represented a traditional theme in an entirely new way. Instead of showing the 12 apostles as individual figures, he grouped them in dynamic compositional units of three, framing the figure of Christ, who is isolated in the center of the picture.Seated before a pale distant landscape seen through a rectangular opening in the wall, Christ—who has just announced that one of those present will betrayhim—repres...

• Alternative Medicine.

  The field of chiropractic was founded by David Daniel Palmer in the 1890s. He believed that joint subluxation, or a partial dislocation, is a causal factor in disease andthat removal of the subluxation by thrusting on the bony projections of the vertebrae restores health. In addition to manipulating and adjusting bone and tissue, particularly in the spinal column, chiropractors use a variety of manual, mechanical, and electrical treatments.Chiropractors are most widely recognized for providing d...

• Albert Einstein I INTRODUCTION Albert Einstein (1879-1955), German-born American physicist and Nobel laureate, best known as the creator of the special and general theories of relativity and for his bold hypothesis concerning the particle nature of light.

  On the basis of the general theory of relativity, Einstein accounted for the previously unexplained variations in the orbital motion of the planets and predicted thebending of starlight in the vicinity of a massive body such as the sun. The confirmation of this latter phenomenon during an eclipse of the sun in 1919 became a mediaevent, and Einstein’s fame spread worldwide. For the rest of his life Einstein devoted considerable time to generalizing his theory even more. His last effort, the unifi...

• Albert Einstein.

  On the basis of the general theory of relativity, Einstein accounted for the previously unexplained variations in the orbital motion of the planets and predicted thebending of starlight in the vicinity of a massive body such as the sun. The confirmation of this latter phenomenon during an eclipse of the sun in 1919 became a mediaevent, and Einstein’s fame spread worldwide. For the rest of his life Einstein devoted considerable time to generalizing his theory even more. His last effort, the unifi...

• Excerpt from Twelfth Night - anthology.

  OLIVIA. What mean'st thou by that, Malvolio? MALVOLIO. “Some are born great—” OLIVIA. Ha? MALVOLIO. “Some achieve greatness—” OLIVIA. What sayst thou? MALVOLIO. “And some have greatness thrust upon them.” OLIVIA. Heaven restore thee! MALVOLIO. “Remember who commended thy yellow stockings—” OLIVIA. Thy yellow stockings? MALVOLIO. “—and wished to see thee cross-gartered.” OLIVIA. Cross-gartered? MALVOLIO. “Go to, thou art made if thou desir'st to be so.” OLIVIA. Am I maid! MALVOLIO. “If not, let m...

• Columbus (Ohio) - geography.

  A balance among manufacturing, technology, research, and financial activities has helped Columbus’s economy to continue to boom. Much of the city’s expansion resultsfrom its function as a sophisticated service center. By 1990 manufacturing occupied only 12 percent of the area’s labor force. That contrasted with services, includinggovernment, finance, and transportation and utilities, which accounted for almost 60 percent of all employment. The two largest employers in Columbus are state governme...

• From As You Like It - anthology.

  ROSALIND : Ay, and twenty such. ORLANDO : What sayst thou? ROSALIND : Are you not good? ORLANDO : I hope so. ROSALIND : Why then, can one desire too much of a good thing? [ To CELIA ] Come, sister, you shall be the priest and marry us.—Give me your hand, Orlando.—What do you say, sister?ORLANDO : [to CELIA ] Pray thee, marry us. CELIA : I cannot say the words. ROSALIND : You must begin, 'Will you, Orlando'— CELIA : Go to. Will you, Orlando, have to wife this Rosalind? ORLANDO : I will. ROSALIND...

• Teeth.

  treatments to reduce the risk of tooth decay; clear plastic coatings painted on the teeth, called dental sealants, and applications of the mineral fluoride, which fortifiestooth enamel, are two such treatments. Fluoride is also added to public water supplies in a process called fluoridation, which benefits more than 150 million Americans. Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is a progressive condition that worsens with age. Gum disease occurs when bacteria eat away at gum tissue, causing it to p...

• Pollination - biology.

  rapidly as in cross-pollination, because one plant with a beneficial gene can transmit it only to its own offspring and not to other plants. Self-pollination evolved laterthan cross-pollination, and may have developed as a survival mechanism in harsh environments where pollinators were scarce. IV POLLEN TRANSFER Unlike animals, plants are literally rooted to the spot, and so cannot move to combine sex cells from different plants; for this reason, species have evolved effectivestrategies for ac...

• Roman Art and Architecture - History.

  Racecourses or circuses were also built in many cities for holding chariot races and horse races. Rome’s circus-shaped Piazza Navona occupies the site of one that wasbuilt during the reign ( AD 81-96) of the emperor Domitian. The largest circus in Rome, the Circus Maximus, held about 200,000 spectators. E Public Baths Large cities and small towns alike also had public baths ( thermae ); under the Republic they were generally made up of a suite of dressing rooms and bathing chambers with hot- ,...

• Confucian philosophy, Chinese

  occupies a pre-eminent place in the history of Chinese philosophy. The core of Confucian thought lies in the teachings of Confucius (551-479 BC) contained in the Analects ( Lunyu ), along with the brilliant and divergent contributions of Mencius (372?-289 BC) and Xunzi ( fl. 298-238 BC), as well as the Daxue (Great Learning) and the Zhongyong (Doctrine of the Mean), originally chapters in the Liji (Book of Rites). Significant and original developments, particularly along a quasi-metaphysica...

• Black Death.

  disappeared in the West. V DISAPPEARANCE OF PLAGUE Plague became less common in Europe after the 1530s. The last plague in England was in 1665, the last in Western Europe in 1722. Numerous theories have beenoffered to explain the disappearance of plague. It has been argued that black rats, the primary carriers of plague, may have been replaced by larger brown rats that donot carry the infection. A second theory suggests that increased immunity among the rodents that carried the disease or chang...

• Black Death .

  disappeared in the West. V DISAPPEARANCE OF PLAGUE Plague became less common in Europe after the 1530s. The last plague in England was in 1665, the last in Western Europe in 1722. Numerous theories have beenoffered to explain the disappearance of plague. It has been argued that black rats, the primary carriers of plague, may have been replaced by larger brown rats that donot carry the infection. A second theory suggests that increased immunity among the rodents that carried the disease or chang...

• "Which was this.

  was good. It'seasy tobe emotional. Youcanalways makeascene. Remember meeight months ago?Thatwaseasy." "It didn't sound easy.""Itwas simple. Highsandlows make youfeel that things matter, butthey're nothing." "Sowhat's something?" "Beingreliable issomething. Beinggood." "And what about thekey?" "Atthe end ofhis letter hewrote, 'Ihave something foryou. Inthe blue vase, onthe shelf in the bedroom, isakey. Itopens asafe-deposit boxatour bank. Ihope you'll understand whyIwanted youtohave it.'" "And? W...

• Gabon - country.

  government is engaged in preservation and reforestation programs. The fish catch in 2005 was 43,941 metric tons. C Mining Mining has developed rapidly since Gabon’s independence in 1960. Annual production of extremely high-grade manganese ore, from Moanda in the southeast, was1,090,000 metric tons in 2004. The rich deposits of iron ore located at Mekambo and Bélinga in the northeast have reserves estimated at more than 500 million metrictons. Exploitation of the iron ore has been hampered by th...

• North Dakota - geography.

  Bismarck, the growing season averages 134 days, as the average date of the last killing frost is May 11 and that of the first killing frost is September 22. The length ofthe growing season drops to about 110 days in the northerly reaches of the state. The long periods of summer sunshine at this latitude, providing as much as 16 hoursof daylight in summer, help crops to mature quickly, thus compensating somewhat for the relatively short growing season. Temperatures in the north are, on the averag...

• North Dakota - USA History.

  Bismarck, the growing season averages 134 days, as the average date of the last killing frost is May 11 and that of the first killing frost is September 22. The length ofthe growing season drops to about 110 days in the northerly reaches of the state. The long periods of summer sunshine at this latitude, providing as much as 16 hoursof daylight in summer, help crops to mature quickly, thus compensating somewhat for the relatively short growing season. Temperatures in the north are, on the averag...

• Natural Satellite - astronomy.

  Titan, Saturn’s largest moon, also has few impact craters. Although icy volcanism from water and ammonia may occur along with some tectonic activity, Titan’s youngsurface is most likely the result of weather processes. Titan’s dense, cold atmosphere precipitates particles of complex organic molecules that accumulate as dunes andmountains. Methane rain erodes the surface and creates lakes at the moon’s poles. Triton’s young surface also may result from processes in its atmosphere, as well aserupt...

• Oliver Cromwell I INTRODUCTION Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), leader in the English Revolution (1640-1660) and the first commoner to rule England.

  as well as to the abolition of the House of Lords. He was an active member of the High Court of Justice set up for the king’s trial and boldly signed the king’s deathwarrant. For Cromwell, Charles’s execution was a divine judgment against a tyrant. Following the king’s execution, the Commonwealth of England was formed, ruled bya Council of State that included members of the Rump Parliament. For the next two years Cromwell remained a soldier in service to the state. The new Commonwealth had power...

• Oliver Cromwell.

  as well as to the abolition of the House of Lords. He was an active member of the High Court of Justice set up for the king’s trial and boldly signed the king’s deathwarrant. For Cromwell, Charles’s execution was a divine judgment against a tyrant. Following the king’s execution, the Commonwealth of England was formed, ruled bya Council of State that included members of the Rump Parliament. For the next two years Cromwell remained a soldier in service to the state. The new Commonwealth had power...

• Zebra - biology.

  C Life Span Captive zebras have lived into their late 30s. Life expectancy in the wild, where predators abound, is probably not much more than 12 years. IV SOCIAL BEHAVIOR Like horses, zebras have large brains and a wide variety of social behaviors. Although they cannot match the overall intelligence of mammals that hunt, zebras interactwith each other in complex ways. Zebras usually live in groups known as herds, but the social structure of these groups depends on the species. The plains zeb...

• Paris (city, France) - geography.

  and its vibrant public square, frequented by street performers, soon became among the most popular landmarks in the city. West of the Pompidou Center is Les Halles, the site of the central market of Paris from the 12th century until 1969. The market was subsequently replaced by the Forum LesHalles, a multilevel underground complex featuring a shopping mall, museums, the Paris film library ( vidéothèque ), and a sports center. The street level of Les Halles features a garden, the Jardin des Halle...

• Gambling.

  C Lotteries Lotteries are another form of gambling. In a lottery, tickets are sold for a set amount and a share of the proceeds is returned to the winners, usually through a randomdraw. Most games allow players to pick their own numbers or let a computer randomly pick for them. Lotteries offer a wide variety of games, including weekly drawings,instant “scratch” tickets, daily games, and superlottos with prizes increasing until there is a winner. Large lottery prizes sometimes exceed $100 millio...

• Radio Astronomy - astronomy.

  equivalent to the apparent angular dimensions of a basketball at the distance of the moon. In 1984, the U.S. government appropriated funds for the construction of aninstallation called the very long baseline array (VLBA), a network of 10 radio antennas spread from the U.S.-Canadian border to Puerto Rico and from Hawaii to the U.S.Atlantic coast. The VLBA is expected to provide angular resolutions in the range of 200-millionths of an arc second. Canada and Australia are both planning similarprogr...

• Parkinson Disease.

  III SYMPTOMS Parkinson disease most notably affects motor control (muscle activity). The disease progresses differently for each individual—symptoms develop swiftly in some peopleand slowly in others. Some Parkinson patients may develop problems that affect their intellect or ability to reason, or they may suffer from depression or anxiety. A Motor Control Problems Doctors look for the presence of four principal symptoms in patients they suspect may have Parkinson disease. Tremor (the involun...

• Indian Literature I INTRODUCTION Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things Indian author Arundhati Roy poses with a copy of her acclaimed first novel, The God of Small Things (1997).

  Mathura BuddhaMany of the earliest texts of Indian literature were religious writings of Buddhism. This Buddha figure carved out ofsandstone is from Mathura, a city in northern India that was at the center of Buddhist sculptural activity from the 2ndcentury bc to the 6th century ad.Angelo Hornak/Corbis The sacred Vedas were composed in Old Sanskrit by Aryan poet-seers between about 1500 BC and about 1000 BC. The Vedas are compilations of two major literary forms: hymns of praise to nature deit...

• William Shakespeare I INTRODUCTION William Shakespeare (1564-1616), English playwright and poet, recognized in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists.

  Shakespeare’s reputation today is, however, based primarily on the 38 plays that he wrote, modified, or collaborated on. Records of Shakespeare’s plays begin toappear in 1594, when the theaters reopened with the passing of the plague that had closed them for 21 months. In December of 1594 his play The Comedy of Errors was performed in London during the Christmas revels at Gray’s Inn, one of the London law schools. In March of the following year he received payment for two playsthat had been per...

• William Shakespeare.

  Shakespeare’s reputation today is, however, based primarily on the 38 plays that he wrote, modified, or collaborated on. Records of Shakespeare’s plays begin toappear in 1594, when the theaters reopened with the passing of the plague that had closed them for 21 months. In December of 1594 his play The Comedy of Errors was performed in London during the Christmas revels at Gray’s Inn, one of the London law schools. In March of the following year he received payment for two playsthat had been per...

• Child Development.

  developmental scientists have studied how cultural values guide the skills and attitudes that children acquire as they mature, and how brain maturation influences thedevelopment of thinking and feeling. For a more detailed discussion of child development theories, see the Theories of Child Development section of this article. III BASIC QUESTIONS A Nature and Nurture Scholars have long debated the relative importance of nature (hereditary influences) and nurture (environmental influences) i...

• Saudi Arabia - country.

  C Natural Resources Some of the world’s largest oil and natural gas fields lie beneath Saudi Arabia and its offshore waters, representing the country’s most economically important naturalresource. In 2007 Saudi Arabia’s oil reserves were estimated at 264 billion barrels. Before the discovery and exploitation of these reserves in the mid-20th century,Saudi Arabia was one of the poorest countries in the world. Its relatively small population subsisted in a harsh environment with little agricultur...

• Republic of Singapore - country.

  Singaporeans of Chinese and Indian ancestry live in small, nuclear families. Housing favors smaller families, as most units consist of small apartments in high-risebuildings. Western clothing is common, and foods reflect the Chinese, Malay, and Indian origins of the people. D Social Issues Since Singapore became an independent state in 1965, government policies have brought orderliness and efficiency to the country. Examples are supplanting slum andsquatter areas with high-rise public housing p...

• Brian Mulroney.

  At the party convention Mulroney was one of the candidates who ran against Clark. This time Mulroney did not have to contend with a rival candidate from Québec. Healso had the support of the remnants of the Diefenbaker faction—who disliked Clark even more than they disliked Mulroney. Mulroney was also endorsed by asubstantial group of members of Parliament; this endorsement helped allay concerns about whether he could provide effective leadership in Parliament. Mulroney waselected leader of the...