400 résultats pour "greek"

• Zeus (Day, Bright Sky) Greek The chief god of Greek mythology.

  induced Cronus into releasing his brothers and sisters, the siblings decided to go to war against Cronus and the Titans. For 10 long years, Zeus fought against the Titans, who were led by the mighty Atlas, for Cronus was now old. Finally Zeus enlisted the help of Gaia (Earth), who advised him to release the Cyclopes and the Hundred-Handed Ones (the Hecatoncheires), who had been imprisoned in the Underworld. Zeus did this, and in gratitude the Cyclopes gave Zeus the thunderbolt as a weapon. They...

• Greek Mythology I INTRODUCTION Temple of Apollo at Didyma The Greeks built the Temple of Apollo at Didyma, Turkey (about 300 bc).

  A1 The Creation of the Gods According to Greek myths about creation, the god Chaos (Greek for “Gaping Void”) was the foundation of all things. From Chaos came Gaea (“Earth”); the bottomlessdepth of the underworld, known as Tartarus; and Eros (“Love”). Eros, the god of love, was needed to draw divinities together so they might produce offspring. Chaosproduced Night, while Gaea first bore Uranus, the god of the heavens, and after him produced the mountains, sea, and gods known as Titans. The Tita...

• Megara (1) Greek A Greek city-state on the Greek mainland, between Attica and Corinth.

• Homer I INTRODUCTION Homer According to tradition, the Greek poet Homer is believed to be the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two great epics of ancient Greek literature.

  The Return of OdysseusAfter the Greek warrior Odysseus returns from the Trojan War to his home in Ithaca, he kills the uninvited and unwantedsuitors of his wife, Penelope, who believed him to be dead. Odysseus’s astonishing skill with the bow convinces Penelopethat he is indeed her long-absent husband. This anonymous engraving is of an unknown date.Corbis The Odyssey narrates the return of the Greek hero Odysseus from the Trojan War. The opening scenes depict the disorder that has arisen in Ody...

• Greek Mythology.

  world in search of her; as a result, fertility left the earth. Zeus commanded Hades to release Persephone, but Hades had cunningly given her a pomegranate seed toeat. Having consumed food from the underworld, Persephone was obliged to return below the earth for part of each year. Her return from the underworld each yearmeant the revival of nature and the beginning of spring. This myth was told especially in connection with the Eleusinian Mysteries, sacred rituals observed in the Greektown of Ele...

• Heracles (Herakles; Glory of Hera) Greek The greatest hero of Greek mythology, he was called Hercules by the Romans.

  Amphitryon’s cattle. Heracles killed the lion and ever after wore its pelt (though some say that the pelt worn by Heracles was that of the Nemean lion; see The Twelve Labors of Heracles , right). Heracles then did battle with Erginus, King of Orchomenos, who attacked Thebes. Amphitryon died in this struggle. The victorious Heracles became the idol of Thebes. Creon, the new king of Thebes, gave his daughter Megara (2) to Heracles in marriage. The marriage was not a happy one, and in later years,...

• Greek Art and Architecture - history.

  powerful independent city-states. From 334 to 323 BC, Alexander the Great extended his father's empire into Asia Minor (now Turkey), Syria, Egypt, Persia, Afghanistan, and as far as India. D The Hellenistic Period (323-31 BC) Although Alexander the Great extended Greek civilization far beyond the Greek mainland and the boundaries of the Aegean Sea, his empire did not survive his death in 323.After Alexander died, his generals and successors divided the empire into a number of kingdoms: Ptolem...

• Greek Art and Architecture - USA History.

  The struggle between these two city-states and their allies ultimately led to the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC), which Sparta won. Despite this conflict, the 5th century, often called the Classical period, is usually considered the culmination of Greek art, architecture, and drama, with its highest achievements being the Temple ofZeus at Olympia, the Parthenon in Athens, and the plays of Athenian dramatists Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes. The 4th century, or Late Classical p...

• Magna Graecia (Great Greece) Greek The collective name given to Greek colonies founded by settlers in southern Italy and the island of Sicily.

• Ceto (Whale) Greek An ancient Greek sea goddess.

• Tragedy I INTRODUCTION Euripides Unlike other 5th-century BC Greek playwrights, tragic poet Euripides addressed the plight of the common people, rather than that of mythic heroes.

  SenecaSeneca was a Roman philosopher, dramatist, and statesman. His tragedies later influenced Renaissance dramatists,including William Shakespeare. The bust of Seneca shown here is a Roman copy of a Greek original.Art Resource, NY Aeschylus is one of the best known of the ancient Greek tragic playwrights. The author of some 90 plays, he established many of the conventions of the tragic dramaticform, which he perfected throughout his career. Aeschylus's skillful use of poetic language and brilli...

• Aristotle I INTRODUCTION Aristotle (384-322 BC), Greek philosopher and scientist, who shares with Plato and Socrates the distinction of being the most famous of ancient philosophers.

  succession of individuals. These processes are therefore intermediate between the changeless circles of the heavens and the simple linear movements of the terrestrialelements. The species form a scale from simple (worms and flies at the bottom) to complex (human beings at the top), but evolution is not possible. C Aristotelian Psychology For Aristotle, psychology was a study of the soul. Insisting that form (the essence, or unchanging characteristic element in an object) and matter (the commonu...

• Gaia (Gaea, Ge; Earth) Greek The personification of the Earth Mother in Greek mythology; known to the Romans as Tellus.

• Helicon, Mount Greek The highest mountain in Boeotia, in the southern part of the Greek mainland.

• winds Greek and Roman Both Greek and Roman cultures in classical times personified the winds, recognizing the power of these forces.

• Olympic Games Greek The principal athletic meeting of the ancient Greeks held every four years.

• Odyssey I INTRODUCTION Odyssey, ancient Greek epic poem in 24 books attributed to the poet Homer.

  Ulysses in the Cave of PolyphemusOn their return from the Trojan War, Odysseus (also known as Ulysses) and his men are taken prisoner by the one-eyedgiant Polyphemus, who is gradually eating them. After blinding Polyphemus, the remaining men escape by holding on tothe belly of the giant’s sheep. Knowing that the Greeks will try to escape, Polyphemus touches each sheep as it leaves thecave but fails to check underneath. This painting by 17th-century Flemish artist Jacob Jordaens is in the Pushkin...

• Dioscuri (Sons of Zeus) Greek A title used in Greek and Roman mythology for the twin brothers Castor and Polydeuces, whose Roman name was Pollux.

• Peloponnesus (Peloponnese) Greek The peninsula that lies south of the Greek mainland, connected to the mainland by the Isthmus of Corinth.

• Pegasus Greek The famous winged horse of Greek mythology.

• Furies (Furiae) Greek and Roman The Roman common name, now used almost exclusively, for a group of Greek goddesses of vengence.

• Iphigenia Greek Daughter of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and leader of the Greek forces in the Trojan War; sister of Electra and Orestes.

• Olympian gods Greek The 12 (sometimes 13) major deities who lived atop Mount Olympus; the primary gods of the Greek pantheon of classical Greece.

• erbs Greek The mythic power of herbs to transform people and to restore life to the dead features prominently in several Greek myths.

• Jason (Iason) Greek The hero of one of the most famous Greek legends, often known as "Jason and the Golden Fleece," or "Jason and the Argonauts.

  They fought among themselves until all were dead. Medea then led Jason to the place where the Golden Fleece hung, guarded by a terrible dragon. Using a magic potion, Medea put the dragon to sleep, allowing Jason to secure the precious trophy. Jason and the Argonauts went to sea, accompanied by Medea, and pursued by King Aeetes. Medea slew her brother, Absyrtus, who had accompanied them. She cut his body into pieces and flung them into the sea and onto the surrounding land, knowing that Aeetes wo...

• Pandora (All-giving) Greek The first woman to appear on Earth, according to Greek mythology.

• Moirae (Moirai) Greek Greek spirits; personification of fate and destiny in an individual's life.

• Eumenides (Good-Tempered Ones) Greek The ironic name Greek people used for the Erinyes, fearsome creatures whose name means Furies.

• Homer I INTRODUCTION Homer, the name traditionally assigned to the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two major epics that have survived from Greek antiquity.

  Apollo ), and some have argued that portions of the texts, such as the concluding scenes of the Odyssey, were added by another hand. However, they generally believed that Homer was a poet (or at most, a pair of poets) much like the poets they knew from their own experience. They believed that the Iliad and the Odyssey, although based on traditional materials, were independent, original, and largely fictional. In the last 200 years, however, this view has changed radically, following the emer...

• underworld (1) Greek The black abyss known as Hades and the dwelling place of the dead.

  Earth. By the middle of the third century b.c., Dis Pater and Proserpina had also become the rulers of the realm of dead spirits. Together they became an official part of the Roman religious ceremonies. Beginning in 249 b.c., Romans held games known as the Ludi Tarentini or Tarentine Games, to recognize, honor, and appease these two gods. Much of the mythology of Dis Pater and Proserpina had by this time taken on the stories of the Greek gods Hades (or Pluto) and Persephone, who ruled over a rea...

• Dictynna (Lady of the Nets) Greek An ancient Cretan goddess, perhaps the goddess of Mount Dicte, which was later known as the birthplace of the Greek god Zeus.

• Myrmidons Greek Warlike people of ancient Thessaly, in the eastern part of the Greek mainland, who accompanied the hero Achilles into battle in the Trojan War.

• Nemesis Greek Goddess of vengeance; personification of the wrath of the gods toward those who had hubris, a Greek word meaning exaggerated pride in one's achievements or good fortune.

• Styx, River Greek The principle river, or system of rivers, in Hades, the Greek Underworld (1); named for the goddess who carried the same name, Styx.

• Neda Greek One of the oldest of the Oceanids, sea Nymph daughters of the Titan gods, Oceanus and Tethys; considered by many Greek writers to be a second-generation Titan.

• Athena Athena, one of the most important goddesses in Greek mythology.

• Pala medes Greek Son of Nauplius, a king of Euboea, and his wife Clymene, a granddaughter of King Minos of Crete.

• Seven Wonders of the World Seven Wonders of the World, works of art and architecture regarded by ancient Greek and Roman observers as the most extraordinary structures of antiquity.

• House (architecture) I INTRODUCTION Trulli in Alberobello, Italy Alberobello, in the Apulia region of southeastern Italy, is noted for its unusual limestone houses known as trulli (from Greek trullos, dome).

  Fresco in the Villa of the Mysteries, PompeiiThe Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy (built about 50 bc), featured a large hall with this mural encircling it. The mural ispainted in the Second Style of Roman painting. (Historians of art recognize four periods or styles in Roman wall painting.)The mural in the Villa of the Mysteries is thought to depict the initiation rituals of a mystery religion. For this reason, it hasbeen conjectured that the hall was used for cult rituals.Bridgeman Art Li...

• Uranus (Ouranos; Heaven) Greek The personification of heaven and the starlit sky.

• Electra (1) Greek Daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; sister of Iphigenia and Orestes.

• Phoenicia (Purple) Greek An ancient kingdom on the eastern Mediterranean, in the region of modern Syria, Lebanon, and Israel.

• Glaucus (1) Greek The most famous Glaucus was the grandson of Bellerophon, a hero in the Iliad.

• Apollo (mythology) Apollo (mythology), in Greek mythology, son of the god Zeus and Leto, daughter of a Titan.

• Zeus Zeus, in Greek mythology, the god of the sky and ruler of the Olympian gods.

• Aphrodite Aphrodite, in Greek mythology, the goddess of love and beauty and the counterpart of the Roman goddess Venus.

• Diomedes (1) Greek Son of Tydeus and successor of Adrastus as king of Argos.

• Fiche de lecture sur le chapitre 11: The Greek of the New Testament, par Mark Janse, sur la section IV de l’ouvrage, intitulé: Ancient Greek: structure and change, pages 646-653.

  # LG33AM30 européennes # Rapports entre le grec et les autres langues - Vitoria Carolina MORAIS BRAZIL - Nº étudiant: 21917363 - L1 Sciences du langage FICHE DE LECTURE I. Les références obligatoires: 1. Ouvrage: - Édité par: Anastassios-Fivos CHRISTIDIS, Maria ARAPOPOULOU, Maria CHRITI pour Centre for the Greek Language - Année: 2007 - A history of ancient Greek: from beginnings to late antiquity - Cambridge, Royaume-Uni - Cambridge University Press II. Sur le chapitre:...

• Cyclopes (1) (Singular: Cyclops; Round-eyed) Greek Three sons of Uranus and Gaia, large and strong, each with one eye in the middle of his forehead; siblings of the Hecatoncheires, hundredhanded giants, and the younger Titans.

  These Cyclopes served King Proetus of the city Tiryns. For him, they built the great walls of the city. They built similar walls around the city of Mycenae and the famous Lion Gate there. The stones they used were so massive that the term “cyclopean” has come to mean gigantic. They were also called “belly-hands” for they worked for their livings.

• Priapus Greek An ancient god of fertility, protector of herds, bees, fish, and the vine.