91 résultats pour "status"
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Ottoman Empire - History.
fleets at Suez, Egypt; though the Portuguese were not expelled, Selim did manage to prevent the establishment of a total Portuguese monopoly over the spice trade. Selim I died in 1520 after having spent most of his short reign on matters pertaining to the east. His son and successor Süleyman I (reigned 1520-1566) again turnedthe attention of the Ottomans to the west. In August 1521 Süleyman, later known as Süleyman the Magnificent, opened the road to Hungary by capturing Belgrade, aHungarian str...
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Belgium - country.
European Union (EU) directives aimed at improving Belgium’s environmental conditions concern water treatment and water quality, both significant issues in such anindustrial center. Before these directives were issued, the Meuse River, a major source of drinking water, had become polluted from steel production wastes. Otherrivers were polluted with animal wastes and fertilizers. However, Belgium failed to meet EU targets set for the early 2000s for protecting its rivers from farm pollutionand for...
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American Revolution.
C1 The South Southern agriculture was founded on the cultivation of tobacco, wheat, and corn in Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina, and of rice and indigo (a blue dye) in SouthCarolina and Georgia. There was a large demand for these crops in Europe. These crops were cultivated with the help of black slaves imported from Africa. The whiteplanter class in the South was the most powerful, both politically and economically. C2 The North Wheat was the main cash crop of the mid-Atlantic colonies...
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American Revolution - U.
C1 The South Southern agriculture was founded on the cultivation of tobacco, wheat, and corn in Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina, and of rice and indigo (a blue dye) in SouthCarolina and Georgia. There was a large demand for these crops in Europe. These crops were cultivated with the help of black slaves imported from Africa. The whiteplanter class in the South was the most powerful, both politically and economically. C2 The North Wheat was the main cash crop of the mid-Atlantic colonies...
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Bioethics
death ; Reproduction and ethics ). Since medical ethics has been perhaps the major growth area of applied ethics, this broader usage of the term 'bioethics' has become dominant in the Anglo-American world (see Medical ethics ). More broadly still, and in keeping with V.R. Potter 's introduction of the term ( 1971 ), 'bioethics' refers to the moral, social and political problems that arise from biology and the life sciences generally and that involve, directly or indirectly, human wellbein...
- Indian Act of Canada - Canadian History.
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Orthodox Church.
formally defined by an ecumenical council, as it was in Catholicism, some Orthodox theologians have taught that the act of becoming a monk or the service of burial canalso be sacraments. The sacramental practice of the Orthodox differs in many details from Western customs. Baptism is administered by immersing the child or adult three times under thewater, each time in the name of one of the persons of the Trinity. It is followed immediately by anointment with chrism, a sacred perfumed oil that r...
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Quiet Revolution - Canadian History.
in social policy, that the federal government currently administered. Since the provincial government would be administering these programs, it argued that it wouldrequire a much larger share of the taxes paid by Québec residents. During the period of the Quiet Revolution, especially after Lester Pearson became prime minister in 1963, the federal government met some of the Québec demands.The federal government allowed Québec to take over its programs of youth allowances and university loans, and...
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Puerto Rico - geography.
the length of the day remains fairly constant throughout the year. San Juan has a mean July temperature of 28°C (83°F) and a mean January temperature of 25°C (77°F). The average temperature of the seawater surrounding theisland is 27°C (81°F), with little variation during the course of the year. The entire island is cooled by the trade winds from the northeast. This air also contains much water vapor. As the air is forced to rise over the mountains, it becomescooler and the water vapor condenses...
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Türkenkriege
1
EINLEITUNG
Türkenkriege, Kriege der europäischen christlichen Staaten gegen das muslimische Osmanische Reich.
Entsatzheer unter König Johann III. Sobieski von Polen und Herzog Karl V. Leopold von Lothringen besiegte die Osmanen in der Schlacht am Kahlenberg, befreite die Stadtund drängte die Osmanen in die Defensive. Die Niederlage der Osmanen am Kahlenberg markierte den Beginn ihres Rückzuges vom Balkan. 1684 schloss Leopold mitFrankreich einen Waffenstillstand, um sich für den Großen Türkenkrieg den Rücken freizuhalten, und ging ein Bündnis mit dem Papst und mit Polen ein, die 4. Heilige Liga,dem sich...
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Türkenkriege - Geschichte.
Entsatzheer unter König Johann III. Sobieski von Polen und Herzog Karl V. Leopold von Lothringen besiegte die Osmanen in der Schlacht am Kahlenberg, befreite die Stadtund drängte die Osmanen in die Defensive. Die Niederlage der Osmanen am Kahlenberg markierte den Beginn ihres Rückzuges vom Balkan. 1684 schloss Leopold mitFrankreich einen Waffenstillstand, um sich für den Großen Türkenkrieg den Rücken freizuhalten, und ging ein Bündnis mit dem Papst und mit Polen ein, die 4. Heilige Liga,dem sich...
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Frauenbewegung - Soziologie.
entgegenzuwirken und förderten die Gleichstellung der Geschlechter; ein wichtiges Mittel dazu waren staatlich geförderte Maßnahmen zur Geburtenkontrolle. In derSowjetunion arbeitete jedoch die Mehrzahl der berufstätigen Frauen in schlecht bezahlten Berufen; in Partei und Regierung waren Frauen kaum vertreten. Die Methoden derGeburtenkontrolle waren primitiv. Nur wenige Kindertagesstätten existierten, und die Mütter, die außer Haus arbeiteten, waren zugleich für Haushalt und Kindererziehungverant...
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Kolkata - geography.
area, and trains have north-south lines with a few east-west connections. There are two major train terminals: Sealdah in the east central part of Kolkata and Hāoraacross the river from the Central Business District. Electric trams operate in Kolkata proper. The aging buses, trains, and tram cars suffer from overloading, creatinguncomfortable rides. Subway construction started in 1972 and became operational with 7 km (4.3 mi) of line in 1984. By 1995 all of the subway’s 16.4-km (10.2-mi)route fr...
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Republik Kongo - geographie.
5.4 Politik Die größten der etwa 240 zugelassenen Parteien sind die ehemals marxistische Einheitspartei Parti Congolais du Travail (PCT), der Rassemblement pour la Démocratie et le Progrès Social (RDPS), die Union pour la Démocratie et la République (UDR) und die Union Panafricaine pour la Démocratie Sociale (UPADS). 5.5 Verteidigung Die Streitkräfte der Republik Kongo umfassen das Heer aus 12 000 Berufssoldaten, die Luftwaffe mit 1 200 Mann und die Seestreitkraft mit 800 Mann. Zu den...
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Acting
I
INTRODUCTION
Lee Strasberg
American acting teacher Lee Strasberg was best known for his association with the Actors Studio, of which he became the
artistic director in 1951.
truthfully felt those emotions at the moment they expressed them. Finding the true feeling in the proper place and time on stage, however, was a problem that Aristotleaddressed less well. He concluded that acting was an occupation for the gifted or insane. How to cross the artistic boundary beyond feigned emotions and flat imitation obsessed many Greek actors. In 315 BC the tragedian Polus carried the real ashes of his recently deceased son in an urn to stimulate a sense of genuine grief when h...
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Brian Mulroney.
At the party convention Mulroney was one of the candidates who ran against Clark. This time Mulroney did not have to contend with a rival candidate from Québec. Healso had the support of the remnants of the Diefenbaker faction—who disliked Clark even more than they disliked Mulroney. Mulroney was also endorsed by asubstantial group of members of Parliament; this endorsement helped allay concerns about whether he could provide effective leadership in Parliament. Mulroney waselected leader of the...
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Brian Mulroney - Canadian History.
At the party convention Mulroney was one of the candidates who ran against Clark. This time Mulroney did not have to contend with a rival candidate from Québec. Healso had the support of the remnants of the Diefenbaker faction—who disliked Clark even more than they disliked Mulroney. Mulroney was also endorsed by asubstantial group of members of Parliament; this endorsement helped allay concerns about whether he could provide effective leadership in Parliament. Mulroney waselected leader of the...
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Vereinte Nationen - Politik.
4.3 Wirtschafts- und Sozialrat (ECOSOC) Das Gremium ist zuständig für die Verwirklichung der wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Programme, die zur Vermeidung und Beseitigung der Konfliktursachen aufder Erde beitragen sollen. Es umfasst (seit 1973) 54 Mitglieder, von denen jedes Jahr ein Drittel nach einem regionalen Verteilungsschlüssel für drei Jahre gewählt wird. DerECOSOC kann Empfehlungen an die UN-Mitglieder und -Organe aussprechen und internationale Konferenzen einberufen, die auc...
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Vereinte Nationen - Geschichte.
4.3 Wirtschafts- und Sozialrat (ECOSOC) Das Gremium ist zuständig für die Verwirklichung der wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Programme, die zur Vermeidung und Beseitigung der Konfliktursachen aufder Erde beitragen sollen. Es umfasst (seit 1973) 54 Mitglieder, von denen jedes Jahr ein Drittel nach einem regionalen Verteilungsschlüssel für drei Jahre gewählt wird. DerECOSOC kann Empfehlungen an die UN-Mitglieder und -Organe aussprechen und internationale Konferenzen einberufen, die auc...
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Jerusalem - geography.
There are many other artifacts in the city, tied to various periods of history; those of Canaanite, Israelite, Greek, Roman, Arab, Crusader, and Ottoman origin areamong the more prominent. Modern attractions include the Israel Museum (completed in 1965), which houses the Shrine of the Book, where the Dead Sea Scrolls areexhibited; the Rockefeller Museum (opened in 1938), which contains archaeological finds; the Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum; the Museum of Biblical Archaeology; theMuseum of Islamic...
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Native Americans of North America.
addition to smallpox and measles, explorers and colonists brought a host of other diseases: bubonic plague, cholera, typhoid fever, scarlet fever, pleurisy, mumps,diphtheria, pneumonia, whooping cough, malaria, yellow fever, and various sexually transmitted infections. Despite the undisputed devastation wreaked on Indian populations after European contact, native populations showed enormous regional variability in their response todisease exposure. Some peoples survived and, in some cases, even...
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Native Americans of North America - Canadian History.
addition to smallpox and measles, explorers and colonists brought a host of other diseases: bubonic plague, cholera, typhoid fever, scarlet fever, pleurisy, mumps,diphtheria, pneumonia, whooping cough, malaria, yellow fever, and various sexually transmitted infections. Despite the undisputed devastation wreaked on Indian populations after European contact, native populations showed enormous regional variability in their response todisease exposure. Some peoples survived and, in some cases, even...
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Protests in the 1960s - U.
E Youth Culture Young people played an important role in the movements for social change during the 1960s. Numbers alone made them important; more than 76 million babies wereborn during the post-World War II “baby boom.” In addition, these young people spent more years in school and were more affluent than previous generations. In theearly 20th century, most young Americans had moved quickly from childhood to adulthood. In the 1920s only 1 in 5 Americans graduated from high school, and almostal...
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Technology.
loose soil in this region, known as the Fertile Crescent, was easily scratched for planting, and an abundance of trees was available for firewood. By 5000 BC, farming communities were established in areas known today as Syria, Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Greece, and the islands of Crete and Cyprus. Agricultural societies in these places constructed stone buildings, used the sickle to harvest grain, developed a primitive plowstick, and advanced their skills inmetalworking. Trade in flint al...
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Bear - biology.
programs sponsored by zoos or other breeding centers have attempted to breed giant pandas in captivity, although most of these programs have proved unsuccessful.Among the difficulties faced by captive breeders has been the problem of encouraging a female giant panda to mate with a selected male during the two to three daysof the year when she is most fertile, a period known as estrus. B Spectacled Bear Creamy-white rings surrounding the eyes give the spectacled bear its name. Its shaggy coat of...
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Erster Weltkrieg - Geschichte.
(Schlieffenplan) vorzugehen. Dieser noch vom einstigen Generalstabschef Alfred Graf von Schlieffen entworfene Plan, seit 1905 nur mehr geringfügig überarbeitet, warlediglich für einen drohenden Zweifrontenkrieg gegen Frankreich und Russland konzipiert und sollte den Krieg in zwei Phasen zerlegen. Zunächst wollte der Generalstab Frankreich im Zuge einer „Niederwerfungsstrategie” innerhalb von etwa sechs Wochen besiegen, um anschließend – noch vor der endgültigabgeschlossenen Mobilmachung Russland...
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Estonia - country.
protest the expansion of open-pit phosphorite mining in northeastern Estonia. Their success in stopping the expansion prompted further demonstrations as part of thecountry’s independence movement. Since independence Estonia has taken measures to protect the environment. The government has ratified international agreementsto reduce emissions of hazardous wastes and greenhouse gases, as well as to protect biodiversity, wetlands, and endangered species. Estonians cherish thecountryside, and 31 perc...
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Jean Chrétien.
In 1969, when Chrétien introduced policy proposals based on this principle, indigenous peoples reacted with such hostility that he ultimately had to withdraw theproposals. Despite this and other clashes with indigenous leaders, Chrétien continued to work at improving the government relations with them. By the time he left theDepartment of Indian and Northern Affairs in 1974, he had earned their respect and appreciation for his efforts. Following the 1974 election, Trudeau appointed Chrétien pres...
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Jean Chrétien - Canadian History.
In 1969, when Chrétien introduced policy proposals based on this principle, indigenous peoples reacted with such hostility that he ultimately had to withdraw theproposals. Despite this and other clashes with indigenous leaders, Chrétien continued to work at improving the government relations with them. By the time he left theDepartment of Indian and Northern Affairs in 1974, he had earned their respect and appreciation for his efforts. Following the 1974 election, Trudeau appointed Chrétien pres...
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Niederlande - geographie.
(einschließlich Fischotter) repräsentiert, im Wattenmeer leben Seehunde. Zu den Paarhufern gehören Rehe, Rot- und Damhirsche. Ein exotisches Faunenelement sind ausFarmkäfigen freigelassene südamerikanische Nutrias. Hinsichtlich der Avifauna (Vogelwelt) sind Brutpopulationen von Löfflern und Purpurreihern bemerkenswert. Durch Landgewinnungsprojekte entstanden neue Lebensräumefür Zugvögel. Das niederländische Wattenmeer ist Rast- und Überwinterungsgebiet für zahlreiche Vogelarten wie Austernfische...
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Canada.
Six general landform regions are distinguishable in Canada: the Appalachian Region, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Canadian Shield, the Great Plains,the Canadian Cordillera, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. B1 Appalachian Region and Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands Eastern Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Appalachian Region embraces Newfoundland Island, NovaScotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and the G...
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Canada - country.
Six general landform regions are distinguishable in Canada: the Appalachian Region, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Canadian Shield, the Great Plains,the Canadian Cordillera, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. B1 Appalachian Region and Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands Eastern Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Appalachian Region embraces Newfoundland Island, NovaScotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and the G...
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Canada - Canadian History.
Six general landform regions are distinguishable in Canada: the Appalachian Region, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Canadian Shield, the Great Plains,the Canadian Cordillera, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. B1 Appalachian Region and Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands Eastern Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Appalachian Region embraces Newfoundland Island, NovaScotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and the G...
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Nationalsozialismus - Geschichte.
wertvolles habe daher die Aufgabe, die Juden, die Inkarnation des Bösen, zu bekämpfen und den Lebenskampf zwischen den Völkern wieder zu aktivieren. Daraus folgte zwangsläufig die Legitimierung des Krieges sowie der Primat der Außenpolitik, dem alle anderen Bereiche der Politik zuzuarbeiten hätten. Konkret sollte derWeg zur Weltherrschaft folgendermaßen aussehen: Übernahme der Macht in Deutschland, weltanschauliche Indoktrination der Bevölkerung u. a. durch die Beseitigung derGegensätze innerhal...
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Ukraine - country.
a major hazard, especially to Ukraine’s water supply. The Chernobyl’ complex was finally shut down completely in December 2000, with the financial assistance ofWestern nations. The funds were to pay for the completion of two other nuclear power plants that would produce enough power to make up for the loss of the powersupply from the Chernobyl’ plant. III PEOPLE OF UKRAINE The population of Ukraine was estimated in 2008 at 45,994,287, giving the country a population density of 76 persons per s...
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China - country.
North China lies between the Mongolian Steppe on the north and the Yangtze River Basin on the south. It stretches west from the Bo Hai gulf and the Yellow Sea to theeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Administratively, North China includes Beijing and Tianjin municipalities; Shandong and Shanxi provinces; most of Hebei, Henan,and Shaanxi provinces; and portions of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and of Jiangsu, Anhui, and Gansu provinces. Humans have lived in the agriculturally rich region of Nor...
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Prison.
Furthermore, experts disagree about whether imprisoning criminals actually prevents further crime. Some critics charge that American prisons simply warehouseviolence—meaning that U.S. prison inmates are confined and incapacitated in large numbers, with little or no effort made to rehabilitate them. Critics have labeled theresult of this process turnstile justice, referring to the fact that most inmates are chronic and persistent offenders and return to prison following conviction for new crime...
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Zweiter Weltkrieg - Geschichte.
Mit der Jahreswende 1936/37 begann eine neue Phase nationalsozialistischer Außenpolitik. Galt es bisher, die Isolierung zu überwinden, wurde nun die „Eroberung neuenLebensraumes” zum vordringlichen Ziel. Mit der Verkündung des Vierjahresplanes auf dem Reichsparteitag der NSDAP im November 1936, der eine nochmalige Steigerungder Rüstungsproduktion und eine zukünftige Unabhängigkeit des Reiches von Importen aus dem Ausland anstrebte, nahmen die Kriegsvorbereitungen konkrete Formen an.Nach dem Ansc...
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Zweiter Weltkrieg - Geschichte.
Mit der Jahreswende 1936/37 begann eine neue Phase nationalsozialistischer Außenpolitik. Galt es bisher, die Isolierung zu überwinden, wurde nun die „Eroberung neuenLebensraumes” zum vordringlichen Ziel. Mit der Verkündung des Vierjahresplanes auf dem Reichsparteitag der NSDAP im November 1936, der eine nochmalige Steigerungder Rüstungsproduktion und eine zukünftige Unabhängigkeit des Reiches von Importen aus dem Ausland anstrebte, nahmen die Kriegsvorbereitungen konkrete Formen an.Nach dem Ansc...
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Japan - country.
island’s fertile soils support agriculture and provide the vast majority of Japan’s pasturelands. In addition, Hokkaidō contains coal deposits, and the cold currents off itsshores supply cold-water fish. Winters are long and harsh, so most of Hokkaid ō is lightly settled, housing about 5 percent of Japan’s population on approximately 20 percent of its land area. However,its snowy winters and unspoiled natural beauty attract many skiers and tourists. Hokkaid ō is thought of as Japan’s northern fr...
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France - country.
In both the Paris and Aquitaine basins, fertile soils derived from limestone and wind-deposited dust, called loess, have supported prosperous agriculture since ancienttimes. Other lowlands in France are scattered and relatively small. They include the Alsace Plain in the east, bordering Germany, the valley of the Rhône River in thesoutheast, and the Languedoc Plain along the Mediterranean coast. A2 Uplands France contains several regions of uplands, the worn down remains of ancient mountain sys...