Résultats pour "thés"

Perseus Greek Son of the god Zeus and Danae; husband of Andromeda; father of Perses; slayer of the Gorgon Medusa.

Perseus slew Medusa and cut off her head, which he carefully stowed in his leather bag. From the blood of Medusa sprang Chrysaor and the winged horse, Pegasus, children of Medusa and the sea god, Poseidon. Perseus and Andromeda - Mythology. With Medusa’s head in his leather bag, Perseus set off on his winged sandals to take the head to King Polydectes of Seriphos. As he flew along the coast, he saw a beautiful woman chained to a rock, weeping. She was Andromeda, daughter of King Cepheus of Eth...

Dis (Dis Pater, Dispater) Roman The richest of the ancient Roman gods; a god or king of the Underworld (2), the realm of the dead.

Neutron I INTRODUCTION Neutron, electrically neutral elementary particle that is part of the nucleus of the atom.

Beta DecayBeta decay can occur in two ways. As shown on the left, a neutron turns into a proton by emitting an antineutrino and anegatively charged beta particle. As shown on the right, a proton turns into a neutron by emitting a neutrino and apositively charged beta particle. Positive beta particles are called positrons and negative beta particles are called electrons.After the decay, the nucleus of the atom contains either one less or one more proton. Beta decay changes an atom of oneelement i...

Musical Instruments I INTRODUCTION World Music Tour Click on the instruments to hear music from around the world.

Traditional Timbila of MozambiqueAmong the Chopi, who have lived for centuries along the coast of Mozambique, there is a highly developed tradition ofsongwriting and composing for timbila (xylophone) orchestras. Elaborate migodo (dance suites), interspersed with poeticsongs pertaining to village life, are often performed to these compositions. Timbila music is now recognized as the nationalmusic of Mozambique."Eduardo Durao Mauaia" from Eduardo Durao and Orquestra Durao: Timbila (Cat.# Globestyl...

Music I INTRODUCTION World Music Tour Click on the instruments to hear music from around the world.

Duke EllingtonAmerican composer, bandleader, and pianist Duke Ellington endures as perhaps the most important pioneer in big-bandjazz. Ellington and his orchestra shared a special interdependent relationship: Using the band as his musical workshop,Ellington derived his orchestra’s tone coloring from the unique sound qualities of the group’s individual players. Thisparticular style was later dubbed the “Ellington Effect” by jazz arranger Billy Strayhorn, who also wrote one of the band’ssignature...

Electron I INTRODUCTION Models of the Atom Once scientists discovered the electron, they set out to explain how electrons behave in atoms.

Electron Density and Orbital ShapesAtomic orbitals are mathematical descriptions of where the electrons in an atom (or molecule) are most likely to be found.These descriptions are obtained by solving an equation known as the Schrödinger equation, which expresses ourknowledge of the atomic world. As the angular momentum and energy of an electron increases, it tends to reside indifferently shaped orbitals. The orbitals corresponding to the three lowest energy states are s, p, and d, respectively....

Greek Mythology I INTRODUCTION Temple of Apollo at Didyma The Greeks built the Temple of Apollo at Didyma, Turkey (about 300 bc).

A1 The Creation of the Gods According to Greek myths about creation, the god Chaos (Greek for “Gaping Void”) was the foundation of all things. From Chaos came Gaea (“Earth”); the bottomlessdepth of the underworld, known as Tartarus; and Eros (“Love”). Eros, the god of love, was needed to draw divinities together so they might produce offspring. Chaosproduced Night, while Gaea first bore Uranus, the god of the heavens, and after him produced the mountains, sea, and gods known as Titans. The Tita...

Peloponnesus (Peloponnese) Greek The peninsula that lies south of the Greek mainland, connected to the mainland by the Isthmus of Corinth.

Indian Literature I INTRODUCTION Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things Indian author Arundhati Roy poses with a copy of her acclaimed first novel, The God of Small Things (1997).

Mathura BuddhaMany of the earliest texts of Indian literature were religious writings of Buddhism. This Buddha figure carved out ofsandstone is from Mathura, a city in northern India that was at the center of Buddhist sculptural activity from the 2ndcentury bc to the 6th century ad.Angelo Hornak/Corbis The sacred Vedas were composed in Old Sanskrit by Aryan poet-seers between about 1500 BC and about 1000 BC. The Vedas are compilations of two major literary forms: hymns of praise to nature deit...

Book I INTRODUCTION Kelmscott Chaucer The Kelmscott Chaucer was published in 1896 by William Morris' company, the Kelmscott Press.

B Medieval European Books Illustration of Saint Mark in the Ebbo GospelsThis is a page from the illuminated manuscript known as the Ebbo Gospels (about 816-835). It depicts Saint Mark lookingheavenward for inspiration as he writes his gospel account, and is drawn in an expressive, energetic style typical ofmedieval art of that period. The full name of the Ebbo Gospels is the Gospel Book of Archbishop Ebbo of Reims. This pagemeasures about 25 by 20 cm (about 10 by 8 in).Bridgeman Art Library, Lo...

Thomas Jefferson I INTRODUCTION Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), third president of the United States (1801-1809) and author of the Declaration of Independence.

Jefferson was a poor speaker, but his literary talents made him a highly valued member of committees when resolutions and other public papers were drafted. Heemerged as the recognized author of the patriot cause in Virginia and indeed in the whole of the colonies. Jefferson's first public paper, however, was considered toostiff and formal, and it was rewritten. The paper was a response to the greeting of the new governor, Lord Botetourt, to the General Assembly. Jefferson, who nevertook criticis...

Oliver Cromwell I INTRODUCTION Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), leader in the English Revolution (1640-1660) and the first commoner to rule England.

as well as to the abolition of the House of Lords. He was an active member of the High Court of Justice set up for the king’s trial and boldly signed the king’s deathwarrant. For Cromwell, Charles’s execution was a divine judgment against a tyrant. Following the king’s execution, the Commonwealth of England was formed, ruled bya Council of State that included members of the Rump Parliament. For the next two years Cromwell remained a soldier in service to the state. The new Commonwealth had power...

master. The dance manuals published between 1550 and 1630, written by Thoinot Arbeau of France, Cesare Negri of Italy, and other dancing masters, describe dances such asthe pavane, galliard, allemande, courante, saltarello, and volta, as well as circular branles and progressive longways dances (for a line of couples, in which each couplerepeats the pattern with one new couple after another; see Country Dance). The sense of order and harmony so important during the Renaissance gave rise to forma...

Japanese Literature I INTRODUCTION Japanese Literature, literature of Japan, in written form from at least the 8th century AD to the present.

The Man’yō’sh ū contains about 4,500 poems, most of them composed in the Nara period (710-784). Some of the poems are far older, however, and some of the verses date to earlier collections that have not survived. The work demonstrates a gradual change from basic verses on simple subjects to more sophisticated expressions with a broad range of subject matter. This text also shows the development of poetic forms such as the tanka (short poem), a form structured around alternating lines of 5 an...

Arthurian Legend I INTRODUCTION King Arthur Legend and lore surround the life of Arthur, a medieval king of the Britons.

Merlin and ArthurIn the tales of Arthurian legend, Merlin is an aged magician who helps bring King Arthur to power. Some authors alsodescribe Merlin as the young king’s tutor.Corbis Arthur is conceived when King Uther Pendragon falls in love with a married woman, Ygraine, and arranges for the magician Merlin to transform him into the likeness ofYgraine's husband. The husband, Gorlois, dies in battle, and Arthur's parents marry soon thereafter. Arthur Receiving ExcaliburAccording to legend, soon...

Arthur I INTRODUCTION King Arthur Legend and lore surround the life of Arthur, a medieval king of the Britons.

Arthur Receiving ExcaliburAccording to legend, soon after King Arthur became ruler of Britain, he received his magnificent sword Excalibur from ahand that rose mysteriously from a lake. With Excalibur, Arthur led his armies to many victories over Britain’s enemies.Corbis Because of his humble origins, Arthur must overcome strong opposition from the British nobles to his royal claim, but eventually he is crowned. To help him in his taskof leading Britain, he receives a great sword, Excalibur, off...

In 1989, the Rumanian revolution ended in the execution of the Head of State and of the Party, Nicolas Ceausescu.

Westerns I INTRODUCTION Gene Autry Known as the Singing Cowboy, Gene Autry was the star of nearly 100 Westerns during his career as an actor.

James Fenimore CooperNineteenth-century American writer James Fenimore Cooper, famed for his adventure novels of American frontier life, wasalso an ardent social critic. Cooper wrote a series of five novels, known collectively as the Leather-Stocking Tales, in whichhe detailed the adventures of a fictional frontiersman named Natty Bumppo. In Bumppo, Cooper portrayed a man ofnature and a friend of the Native Americans. In addition to fiction, Cooper wrote several nonfiction works criticizingAmeri...

Charles Dickens I INTRODUCTION Charles Dickens English author Charles Dickens ranks as one of the most popular writers in the history of world literature.

Papers of the Pickwick Club (1836-1837; 1837); The Adventures of Oliver Twist (1837-1839; 1838); The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (1838-1839; 1839); The Old Curiosity Shop (1840-1841; 1841); Barnaby Rudge (1841); The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit (1843-1844; 1844); Dombey and Son (1846-1848; 1848); The Personal History of David Copperfield (1849-1850; 1850); Bleak House (1852-1853; 1853); Hard Times (1854); Little Dorrit (1855-1857; 1857); A Tale of Tw...

Feudalism I INTRODUCTION Feudalism, contractual system of political and military relationships existing among members of the nobility in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages.

lord”; thus, it was not rebellion for a subvassal to fight against his lord’s lord. In England, however, William the Conqueror and his successors required their vassals’vassals to take oaths of fealty to them. B Duties of a Vassal Military service in the field was basic to feudalism, but it was far from all that the vassal owed to his lord. When the lord had a castle, he might require his vassals togarrison it, a service called castle-guard. The lord also expected his vassals to attend his cour...

It wasn't until the day before we were going to go that the renter asked the obvious question.

I told her, "Ipromise I'mgoing tobe better soon." She said, "There's nothingwrongwithyou." "I'll behappy andnormal." She putherfingers around theback ofmy neck. I told her, "Itried incredibly hard.Idon't know howIcould havetriedharder." She said, "Dad would havebeen veryproud ofyou." "Do youthink so?" "I know so." I cried some more. Iwanted totell her allofthe liesthat I'dtold her. And then Iwanted hertotell me that itwas OK, because sometimes youhave todo something badtodo something good.Andthe...

Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights--adopted by the United Nations (UN) in 1948--gave human rights a new international legal status.

criminal charge against him. Article 11. (1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all theguarantees necessary for his defence. (2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, atthe time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that wa...

Indian Music I INTRODUCTION Classical Dance of South India The southern Indian kathakali is a dance drama that dates from the 17th century.

Sangita Ratnakara, was written in the 13th century. However, subsequent writers tended to focus on the emotional connotations of individual ragas, associating them with moods, performance times, colors, and deities, and grouping them in terms of families. The modern theoretical system began in the 16th century, when ragasbegan to be classified according to scale—72 in the Karnāṭak system and 10 principal ones in the Hindustani. The 72 mela, as the Karn āṭak scales are called, are derived thro...

William Shakespeare I INTRODUCTION William Shakespeare (1564-1616), English playwright and poet, recognized in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists.

Shakespeare’s reputation today is, however, based primarily on the 38 plays that he wrote, modified, or collaborated on. Records of Shakespeare’s plays begin toappear in 1594, when the theaters reopened with the passing of the plague that had closed them for 21 months. In December of 1594 his play The Comedy of Errors was performed in London during the Christmas revels at Gray’s Inn, one of the London law schools. In March of the following year he received payment for two playsthat had been per...

Hercules (mythology) I INTRODUCTION Pollaiuolo's Hercules et Antaeus In a wrestling match, Hercules triumphed over the mighty giant Antaeus, who received his strength from his mother, the Earth goddess Gaia.

Pollaiuolo’s Hercules and the HydraAmong his 12 labors, the mythological hero Hercules had to kill the nine-headed Hydra. Each time Hercules cut off onehead, two more grew in its place. Hercules solved the problem by, as soon as he cut off one head, burning with a torchthe spot where it had been to stop its regrowth. Hercules and the Hydra (about 1460, Uffizi, Florence, Italy) was paintedby Italian artist Antonio Pollaiuolo. Hercules is shown wearing the skin of the Nemean lion, which he had kil...

Art Deco I INTRODUCTION Art Deco Historic District The Art Deco Historic District is located at the southern end of Miami Beach, Florida.

At the 1925 exposition several French masters unveiled work that created an international stir. Elegant inlaid wood furniture by Jacques Émile Ruhlmann, functionallacquerwork by Jean Dunand, silver jewelry by Jean Puiforcat, and glass vases by Lalique were hailed for their modernity and original lines. Ruhlmann designed a seriesof rooms for the exposition that had a far-reaching effect on American and European taste. Lalique later created a similarly streamlined decorative scheme for theluxuriou...

Vladimir Lenin I INTRODUCTION Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924), Russian revolutionary leader and theorist, who presided over the first government of Soviet Russia and then that of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

with Japan ( see Russo-Japanese War). A string of military defeats and the strains placed on society by the war made for a tense atmosphere in Saint Petersburg, and by the beginning of 1905 various segments of Russian society, including students and liberal members of the nobility, were calling for political reform. When an unarmedcrowd of workers marched to the city’s Winter Palace on January 9 (or January 22, in the Western, or New Style, calendar) to submit a petition to Emperor Nicholas II,s...

Chester Arthur I INTRODUCTION Chester Arthur (1829-1886), 21st president of the United States (1881-1885), who gained the presidency when President James A.

confidence by reappointing them to the Senate. Despite Arthur's help, the legislature did not reappoint the two men. Conkling and Platt never again held public office. In the middle of the political conflict, on July 2, 1881, Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau, a disappointed office-seeker. Garfield died 11 weeks later, on September19, 1881. The following morning, Arthur took the oath of office at his home in New York City. IV PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Arthur's record of party loyalt...

The fall of the Berlin Wall on 9th November 1989 was one of the major political events at the end of this century.

John Milton I INTRODUCTION John Milton Seventeenth-century writer John Milton ranks as one of the greatest poets in the history of English literature.

liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties.” In Of Education (1644) Milton advocated an education combining classical instruction, to prepare the student for government service, with religious training. The third group of pamphlets includes those Milton wrote to justify the execution of Charles I. The first of these, The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates (1649), deals with constitutional questions and particularly with the rights of the people a...

Tragedy I INTRODUCTION Euripides Unlike other 5th-century BC Greek playwrights, tragic poet Euripides addressed the plight of the common people, rather than that of mythic heroes.

SenecaSeneca was a Roman philosopher, dramatist, and statesman. His tragedies later influenced Renaissance dramatists,including William Shakespeare. The bust of Seneca shown here is a Roman copy of a Greek original.Art Resource, NY Aeschylus is one of the best known of the ancient Greek tragic playwrights. The author of some 90 plays, he established many of the conventions of the tragic dramaticform, which he perfected throughout his career. Aeschylus's skillful use of poetic language and brilli...

Expressionism I INTRODUCTION Auguste Rodin Regarded as the foremost sculptor of the 19th and 20th centuries, French artist Auguste Rodin captured both dynamic movement and inner psychological states.

Improvisation 28 (second version)Improvisation 28 (second version) was painted by Russian artist Wassily Kandinsky in 1912. Kandinsky used energeticcolor and form to express the spiritual content of his work. He was also a musician and saw a connection between thevisual arts and music, which he attempted to convey in paintings such as this one.© 2008 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP, Paris./Bridgeman Art Library, London/New York A new phase of German expressionism called Die Neue...

Karl Marx I INTRODUCTION Karl Marx (1818-1883), German political philosopher and revolutionary, the most important of all socialist thinkers and the creator of a system of thought called Marxism.

his death, were revived in the 20th century by Vladimir Ilich Lenin, who developed and applied them. They became the core of the theory and practice of Bolshevismand the Third International. Marx’s ideas, as interpreted by Lenin, continued to have influence throughout most of the 20th century. In much of the world, includingAfrica and South America, emerging nations were formed by leaders who claimed to represent the proletariat. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. A...

George Washington I INTRODUCTION George Washington (1732-1799), first president of the United States (1789-1797) and one of the most important leaders in United States history.

A2 Promotion This was Washington’s first experience with the difficulties of raising troops while lacking equipment, clothing, and funds. Apparently he thought his efforts worthy ofsome recognition and successfully applied to Dinwiddie for a lieutenant colonel’s commission. He left Alexandria, Virginia, early in April with about 150 poorly equippedand half-trained troops. A3 First Battles Before he had advanced very far, Washington received news that the French had driven Trent’s men back from...

Ivan IV Vasilyevich I INTRODUCTION Ivan IV Vasilyevich or Ivan the Terrible (1530-1584), grand prince of Muscovy (1533-1584) and the first formally proclaimed tsar of Russia (1547-1584).

That same year Ivan resumed rule over all of Muscovy, much of which was in ruins. But in 1575 he farcically abdicated in favor of a Christianized Tatar, SimeonBekbulatovich, for a year. The tragedies of Ivan's existence were not yet over. In 1582 his daughter-in-law Elena appeared immodestly dressed and Ivan censured her.His son Ivan Ivanovich rose to defend his wife, whereupon the tsar killed his son, his only possible respectable heir. This left as heir Ivan’s feebleminded son Fyodor(reigned 1...

Christopher Columbus I INTRODUCTION Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), Italian-born Spanish navigator who sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean in search of a route to Asia but achieved fame by making landfall in the Americas instead.

explorers, adventurers, entrepreneurs, merchants, and any others who saw their fortunes tied to the trade winds and ocean currents. Columbus’s brother Bartholomewworked in Lisbon as a mapmaker, and for a time the brothers worked together as draftsmen and book collectors. Later that year, Columbus set sail on a convoy loadedwith goods to be sold in northern Atlantic ports. In 1478 or 1479 Columbus met and married Felipa Perestrello e Moniz, the daughter of a respected, though relatively poor, nob...

Abraham Lincoln I INTRODUCTION Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), 16th president of the United States (1861-1865) and one of the great leaders in American history.

fence in 4 hectares (10 acres) to grow corn. Then he hired out to neighbors, helping them to split rails. That year, Lincoln attended a political rally and was persuaded tospeak on behalf of a local candidate. It was his first political speech. A witness recalled that Lincoln “was frightened but got warmed up and made the best speech of theday.” In 1831 Lincoln made a second trip to New Orleans. He was hired, along with his stepbrother and a cousin, by Denton Offutt, a Kentucky trader and specul...

Rembrandt I INTRODUCTION Rembrandt (1606-1669), Dutch baroque artist, who ranks as one of the greatest painters in the history of Western art.

of his collection of art and antiquities, taken before an auction to pay his debts, showed the breadth of Rembrandt's interests: ancient sculpture, Flemish and ItalianRenaissance paintings, Far Eastern art, contemporary Dutch works, weapons, and armor. Unfortunately, the results of the auction—including the sale of hishouse—were disappointing. These problems in no way affected Rembrandt's work; if anything, his artistry increased. Some of the great paintings from this period are The Jewish Brid...

Acting I INTRODUCTION Lee Strasberg American acting teacher Lee Strasberg was best known for his association with the Actors Studio, of which he became the artistic director in 1951.

truthfully felt those emotions at the moment they expressed them. Finding the true feeling in the proper place and time on stage, however, was a problem that Aristotleaddressed less well. He concluded that acting was an occupation for the gifted or insane. How to cross the artistic boundary beyond feigned emotions and flat imitation obsessed many Greek actors. In 315 BC the tragedian Polus carried the real ashes of his recently deceased son in an urn to stimulate a sense of genuine grief when h...

Discuss the ways in which Jamaica Kincaid explores Annie's relationship with her mother in the first two chapters

parents have trouble expressing their parental affection especially physically either because the parent is imposing a kind of distance between him and the child, or simply because he is not comfortable being involved in this type of contact. From this part, love and affection are explicitly expressed in this: Annie's mother is very lovable and tactile with her daughter. During the early stages of childhood, children are very dependent of affection and a mother's love is also a first step to lov...

Diego Velázquez (artist) I INTRODUCTION Velázquez and Baroque Theatricality Spanish painter Diego Velázquez presents two scenes in The Fable of Arachne (about 1656, Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain), also known as The Spinners.

search for a position as court painter. In 1623, however, he returned to the capital and, after executing a portrait (1623, Prado) of the king, was named official painterto Philip IV. The portrait was the first among many such sober, direct renditions of the king, the royal family, and members of the court. Indeed, throughout the later1620s, most of Velázquez's efforts were dedicated to portraiture. Mythological subjects would at times occupy his attention, as in Bacchus, also called The Drin...

African Music I INTRODUCTION Sacred Christian Music of Nigeria Among the Igede people of Nigeria, Christianity has been syncretized with the existing religious belief system.

III INSTRUMENTS Traditional Timbila of MozambiqueAmong the Chopi, who have lived for centuries along the coast of Mozambique, there is a highly developed tradition ofsongwriting and composing for timbila (xylophone) orchestras. Elaborate migodo (dance suites), interspersed with poeticsongs pertaining to village life, are often performed to these compositions. Timbila music is now recognized as the nationalmusic of Mozambique."Eduardo Durao Mauaia" from Eduardo Durao and Orquestra Durao: Timbil...

Musical I INTRODUCTION George Gershwin American pianist, songwriter, and composer George Gershwin was one of the most important figures in popular song in the 1920s and 1930s.

C Extravaganzas Another predecessor of musical comedy, the extravaganza, evolved soon after the American Civil War (1861-1865) from traditional English pantomime. Extravaganzaswere typically based on fairy tales and Mother Goose. They introduced some of the elements—songs, dances, and comedy combined with spectacular stage sets andeffects—that American musical comedy later became known for. The first and most famous extravaganza show was The Black Crook (1866), often described as America’s fi...

Igor Stravinsky I INTRODUCTION Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971), Russian American composer, one of the most influential figures of music in the 20th century.

Schoenberg's disciple, the Austrian composer Anton Webern. Gradually Stravinsky drew more and more on serial techniques—integrating them into his own approach,as he had done with every previous musical influence—in works such as the cantata Threni (1958), the Movements for Piano and Orchestra (1959), and his last major work, the Requiem Canticles (1966). In 1967, in his mid-80s and failing in health, Stravinsky conducted a recording of his music for the last time. He died on April 6, 1971,...

Lincoln: "A House Divided" At the 1858 state Republican convention in Springfield, Illinois, the Republican Party's United States Senate candidate for Illinois and future president Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous "House Divided" speech.

First, That no negro slave, imported as such from Africa, and no descendant of such slave can ever be a citizen of any state in the sense of that term as used in theConstitution of the United States. This point is made in order to deprive the negro, in every possible event, of the benefit of that provision of the United StatesConstitution which declares that 'The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.' Secondly, That, 'sub...

Aristotle I INTRODUCTION Aristotle (384-322 BC), Greek philosopher and scientist, who shares with Plato and Socrates the distinction of being the most famous of ancient philosophers.

succession of individuals. These processes are therefore intermediate between the changeless circles of the heavens and the simple linear movements of the terrestrialelements. The species form a scale from simple (worms and flies at the bottom) to complex (human beings at the top), but evolution is not possible. C Aristotelian Psychology For Aristotle, psychology was a study of the soul. Insisting that form (the essence, or unchanging characteristic element in an object) and matter (the commonu...

Wayne Gretzky I INTRODUCTION Wayne Gretzky, born in 1961, Canadian professional ice hockey player, nicknamed The Great One, who is the National Hockey League (NHL) career leader in goals, assists, and points (goals and assists combined).

and 1991. He was captain of the national team for the 1996 World Cup and made his first Olympic Games appearance as a member of Canada’s ice hockey team duringthe 1998 Winter Games in Nagano, Japan. In 1999, just a few months after his retirement from the NHL, Gretzky was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. The board of directors of the Hall of Fame waived thenormal three-year waiting period as a way of honoring Gretzky for all his contributions to the sport of hockey. Gretzky remained active...

Richard Wagner I INTRODUCTION Richard Wagner (1813-1883), German composer, conductor, and essayist, one of the most influential cultural figures of the 19th century.

May 1864 he was summoned to Munich by the 18-year-old King Ludwig II of Bavaria, who settled Wagner's debts, paid him a generous allowance, and provided himwith housing. Wagner was soon joined in his new home by Cosima von Bülow, Liszt’s daughter and the wife of German conductor and pianist Hans von Bülow. Wagnerand Cosima began a relationship that produced three children before the dissolution of the Bülows' marriage in 1870. Mounting hostility toward Wagner by members ofLudwig’s court resulted...

Japanese Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Otani Oniji as Eitoku Otani Oniji as Eitoku is one of a number of woodblock prints created by the artist T? sh ?sai Sharaku between 1794 and 1795 during the Edo period in Japan.

Jō mon PotteryJapan’s J ōmon people, who thrived from 10,000 to 300 bc, made distinctive pottery for boiling, steaming, and storing food.The pots were made with coils of clay and then decorated by rolling carved sticks, plant fibers, or braided cords over theouter surface. This cord-marked (j ōmon) pottery gave the culture its name.Scala/Art Resource, NY The first settlers of Japan, the J ōmon people (10,000?-300? BC), named for the cord markings that decorated the surfaces of their clay vessel...

Art Nouveau I INTRODUCTION Detail of Art Nouveau Decoration This detail of a door decoration from a building constructed in the early 20th century in Milan, Italy, illustrates the stylistic themes associated with art nouveau.

Wallpaper by William MorrisIn the early 19th century manufacturers began to mass-produce wallpaper, and the quality of designs suffered. WilliamMorris, a British artist who had become interested in the design of household furnishings and items for everyday use,began to create handmade wallpapers that he integrated into the overall design of the home. This artichoke design isbased on stylized plant motifs, a common theme in art nouveau designs.Art Resource, NY Art nouveau in Britain evolved out o...

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