Sigmund Freud (présentation en aglais)

« Page | 1 Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis (a groundbreaking theory and method for understanding the human mind, behavior, and mental disorders), who lived from May 6, 1856, to September 23, 1939.

He's widely regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century.

Freud was born in Freiberg, Moravia (now Příbor, Czech Republic), to Jewish parents.

He studied medicine at the University of Vienna, where he later worked as a lecturer and professor.

His ideas shaped psychology, psychiatry, literature, and even culture.

Here’s an overview of his psychoanalytic theory: Psychoanalysis and Theories Freud developed the theory of psychoanalysis, which emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind in shaping behavior.

Some of his notable concepts include: 1.

The Structure of Mind or Personality: Freud proposed a tripartite model of the human psyche or mind:  Id → the unconscious, instinctual drives (pleasure-seeking, desires, impulses).

Operates on the pleasure principle.  Ego → the rational, adaptive, conscious self that mediates between the Id and reality.

Operates on the reality principle.  Superego → the moral component or conscience, internalized social norms and values. Psychological conflict arises when these three forces are in opposition, thus creates psychological tension leading to anxiety and the use of defense mechanisms. 2.

Dream Analysis & Free Association: Freud believed dreams are a way to access the unconscious mind, revealing repressed thoughts and desires i.e.

“the royal road to the unconscious.” In psychoanalysis, patients would freely say whatever came to mind (free association) to uncover hidden conflicts. Sigmund Freud's theory on the subconscious and unconscious mind is rooted in his structural model of the psyche, which comprises three main parts:  The Conscious Mind: This is the part of our mind that we're actively aware of, including our thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

It's the smallest part of our mind and deals with reality.  The Preconscious Mind: Also known as the subconscious, this region stores memories and information that aren't currently in our conscious awareness but can be easily accessed.

It acts as a bridge between the conscious and unconscious mind, filtering information and determining what's allowed into our conscious awareness.  The Unconscious Mind: This is the largest part of our mind, and it contains deep-seated desires, repressed memories, and primitive instincts that are inaccessible to conscious awareness.

According to Freud, our unconscious mind drives our behavior, emotions, and decisions, often without us realizing it. Page | 2 3.

Sexuality and Development: Freud's psychosexual development theory proposes that personality development occurs through stages erogenous zones”, each characterized by.... »