597 résultats pour "sam"

• Matrix Theory and Linear Algebra I INTRODUCTION Matrix Theory and Linear Algebra, interconnected branches of mathematics that serve as fundamental tools in pure and applied mathematics and are becoming increasingly important in the physical, biological, and social sciences.

  vectors and V is called a vector space of dimension m. Two- and three-dimensional Euclidean spaces are vector spaces when their points are regarded as specified by ordered pairs or triples of real numbers. Matrices may be used to describe linear changes from one vector space into another. Contributed By:James Singer Reviewed By:J. Lennart BerggrenMicrosoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

• El Hallaj

• « Où se cache ce misérable Lothon ?

  grandi. Vousêtessage, etcruel. Vousavezretiré toutedouceur àla vengeance, etmaintenant, ilme faut partir d’ici l’amertume aucœur enreconnaissance devotre miséricorde. Jelahais etvous aussi ! Ehbien, jem’en vais et jene vous inquiéterai plus.Necomptez pastoutefois quejevous souhaite santéetlongue vie.Vous n’aurez ni l’une nil’autre. Maiscen’est pasdemon fait.Jevous leprédis, simplement. » Il s’éloigna, etles hobbits ouvrirent unchemin poursonpassage, maisonput voir blanchir lesarticulations de le...

• Si vanwa ná, Rómello vanwa, Valimar !

    CHAPITRE NEUF LE GRAND FLEUVEFrodon futréveillé parSam. Ilvit qu’il était couché, bienenveloppé sousdegrands arbresàl’écorce grise dans uncoin tranquille desbois situés surlarive occidentale duGrand Fleuve, l’Anduin. Ilavait dormi toutela nuit, etlegris dumatin étaitterne parmi lesbranches dénudées. Gimlis’affairait surunpetit feutout àcôté. Ils seremirent enroute avant legrand jour.Nonquelaplupart descompagnons fussenttellement pressés d’aller verslesud : ilsn’étaient pasmécontents d’avoirenc...

• Chicago.

  gratte-ciel house-music Illinois jazz - Une musique de couleur nuancée Michigan (lac) negro-spiritual Oliver (Joe, dit King) rotary clubs Sears, Roebuck and Co. Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Les natifs de ce lieu Bloch Robert Bloomfield Leonard Burroughs Edgar Rice Chandler Raymond Cooke Sam Disney (Walter Elias, dit Walt) Dos Passos John Roderigo Endrèze (Arthur Kraeckmann, dit Arthur) Farrell James Thomas Fischer (Robert James, dit Bobby) Ford Harrison Fosse (Robert Louis,...

• Cultural Revolution I INTRODUCTION Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), political campaign in China, launched in 1966 by Chinese Communist Party chairman Mao Zedong to eliminate his political rivals and revolutionize Chinese society.

  1990s attempted to wipe out the legacy of the Cultural Revolution. Even Mao, once glorified as “The Great Helmsman” and the “Red Sun,” was officially criticized for his “leftist mistakes” in the Cultural Revolution, but was still praised forhis leadership in both the war against Japan ( see Sino-Japanese Wars) and the civil war against the Kuomintang. Today, while privately vilified by many Chinese, Mao is at the same time still genuinely admired as a powerful national leader. Contributed By:Rut...

• Cultural Revolution - History.

  1990s attempted to wipe out the legacy of the Cultural Revolution. Even Mao, once glorified as “The Great Helmsman” and the “Red Sun,” was officially criticized for his “leftist mistakes” in the Cultural Revolution, but was still praised forhis leadership in both the war against Japan ( see Sino-Japanese Wars) and the civil war against the Kuomintang. Today, while privately vilified by many Chinese, Mao is at the same time still genuinely admired as a powerful national leader. Contributed By:Rut...

• World Cup Skiing Champions.

  1992 Petra Kronberger (Austria) 1993 Anita Wachter (Austria) 1994 Vreni Schneider (Switzerland) 1995 Vreni Schneider (Switzerland) 1996 Katja Seizinger (Germany) 1997 Pernilla Wiberg (Sweden) 1998 Katja Seizinger (Germany) 1999 Alexandra Meissnitzer (Austria) 2000 Renate Goetschl (Austria) 2001 Janica Kostelic (Croatia) 2002 Michaela Dorfmeister (Austria) 2003 Janica Kostelic (Croatia) 2004 Anja Pärson (Sweden) 2005 Anja Pärson (Sweden) 2006 Janica Kostelic (Croatia) 2007 Nicole Hosp (Austria) 2...

• World Cup Skiing Champions Men's Overall Alpine Winners.

  1993 Anita Wachter (Austria) 1994 Vreni Schneider (Switzerland) 1995 Vreni Schneider (Switzerland) 1996 Katja Seizinger (Germany) 1997 Pernilla Wiberg (Sweden) 1998 Katja Seizinger (Germany) 1999 Alexandra Meissnitzer (Austria) 2000 Renate Goetschl (Austria) 2001 Janica Kostelic (Croatia) 2002 Michaela Dorfmeister (Austria) 2003 Janica Kostelic (Croatia) 2004 Anja Pärson (Sweden) 2005 Anja Pärson (Sweden) 2006 Janica Kostelic (Croatia) 2007 Nicole Hosp (Austria) 2008 Lindsey Vonn (United States)...

• Transistor.

  During the late 1960s a new electronic technique, the integrated circuit, began to replace the transistor in complex electronic equipment. Although roughly the samesize as a transistor, an integrated circuit performs the function of 15 to 20 transistors. A natural development from the integrated circuit in the 1970s has been theproduction of medium-, large-, and very large-scale integrated circuits (MSI, LSI, and VLSI), which have permitted the building of a compact computer, orminicomputer, con...

• Concepts

  suggested that concept possession need not consist in knowing a definition, but in appreciating the role of a concept in thought and practice. Moreover, he claimed, a concept need not apply to things by virtue of some closed set of features captured by a definition, but rather by virtue of ‘family resemblances' among the things, a suggestion that has given rise in psychology to ‘prototype' theories of concepts. Most traditional approaches to possession conditions have been concerned with t...

• The way in which companies frame themselves, their products and their clients

• Lamia

  reason would tell him that it is not safe enough to depend only on a career as a poet. He saw in himself the ability and didn't let count anything else what could speak against the life of poet. This alike attitude is seen in Lycius when he listens to Lamia not to invite Appolonius to the marriage, even though he had learned everything by Appolonius, had always listen to his advices and obeyed his words. It is as if Keats saw himself turning away from his reason, shutting it out from his dream-l...

• Stonehenge - History.

  In 2006 excavations at Durrington Walls, about 3 km (less than 2 mi) from Stonehenge, uncovered a large settlement dating to 2600 or 2500 BC. The settlement consisted of wooden structures laid out in the same pattern as Stonehenge and, according to the archaeologists who conducted the excavations, probably housed theworkers who built Stonehenge. However, the remains of large amounts of pottery and animal bones found at the site suggest that it was a place of feasting, which maymean that it hous...

• Stonehenge.

  A Recent Excavations In 2006 excavations at Durrington Walls, about 3 km (less than 2 mi) from Stonehenge, uncovered a large settlement dating to 2600 or 2500 BC. The settlement consisted of wooden structures laid out in the same pattern as Stonehenge and, according to the archaeologists who conducted the excavations, probably housed theworkers who built Stonehenge. However, the remains of large amounts of pottery and animal bones found at the site suggest that it was a place of feasting, whic...

• Colour and qualia

  Faced with the dilemmas posed by subjective colour for physicalist doctrine, some philosophers opt for eliminativism, the doctrine that subjective colour is not a genuine, or real, phenomenon after all. On this view the source of the puzzle is a conceptual confusion; a tendency to extend our judgments concerning objective colour, what appear to be intrinsic properties of the surfaces of physical objects, onto the properties of our mental states. Once we see that all that is happening ‘inside'...

• Music I INTRODUCTION World Music Tour Click on the instruments to hear music from around the world.

  Duke EllingtonAmerican composer, bandleader, and pianist Duke Ellington endures as perhaps the most important pioneer in big-bandjazz. Ellington and his orchestra shared a special interdependent relationship: Using the band as his musical workshop,Ellington derived his orchestra’s tone coloring from the unique sound qualities of the group’s individual players. Thisparticular style was later dubbed the “Ellington Effect” by jazz arranger Billy Strayhorn, who also wrote one of the band’ssignature...

• THE ALCHIMIST

  Pau lo C oelh o - T he A lc h em is t 2 o f 6 8 w ho l iv ed i n t h e v illa g e t h ey w ould r e ach i n a b out f o ur d ay s. H e h ad b een t o t h e v illa g e o nly o n ce, t h e y ear b efo re . T he m erc h an t w as t h e p ro prie to r o f a d ry g oods s h op, a n d h e a lw ay s d em an ded t h at t h e s h eep b e s h eare d i n h is p re se n ce, s o t h at h e w ould n ot b e c h eate d . A f r ie n d h ad t o ld t h e b oy a b out t h e s h op, a n d...

• Complex Numbers I INTRODUCTION Complex Numbers, in mathematics, the sum of a real number and an imaginary number.

  sometimes referred to as an Argand diagram. If a complex number in the plane is thought of as a vector joining the origin to that point, then addition of complexnumbers corresponds to standard vector addition. Figure 1 shows the complex number 3 + 2 i obtained by adding the vectors 1 + 4 i and 2 - 2 i. Figure 1: Complex Plane in Cartesian CoordinatesThis graph illustrates the addition of two complex numbers by using vectors in the complex plane with cartesiancoordinates. The parallelogram shows...

• recherch method

  2 Chapter I - Research Question Research consist to investigate a given problem in order to solve it. But before to investigate, we need t o find out the problem. Without issue, investigation is not able to take place. That’s why it is important to find out the issue, the true one . An d for that, we need to follow some steps to choose the appropriate one. The first step is the interest . Before to choose a research question, it is primordial to know what w...

• South Africa Wins Rugby World Cup.

  “Shosholoza,” a ballad sung by black workers. On the eve of opening day the team requested a tour of Robben Island. More than 60,000 people at Ellis Park—including a jersey-clad Mandela—watched the Springboks score an unlikely first-round victory over Australia, winners ofthe previous World Cup in 1991. Few sightings of the former national flag were reported. In the neighboring black township of Soweto, residents watched the gameon television, even though the Springboks' first and only black...

• Monetary depreciation :

• Titian.

  Flaying of Marsyas (circa 1570-76, Kroměříž, Czech Republic) and the Nymph and Shepherd (circa 1574, Kunsthistorisches Museum). Here colors are more subdued, but the turbulence of the brushwork, hardly matched again until 20th-century painting, almost submerges the form entirely. These late mythological paintings, whichTitian called poesie (poems), stand among the most formidable statements ever made of the irresistible, elemental powers of nature. These works are paralleled by a sequence...

•   J'ai chanté les feuilles, les feuilles d'or, et là poussaient des feuilles d'or ; J'ai chanté le vent, un vent vint là, qui dans les branches souffla.

  — Il estmaintenant tempsdeboire lacoupe del’adieu, dit-elle. Buvez,Seigneur desGaladhrim ! Etque votre cœurnesoit pastriste, bienquelanuit doive suivre lejour etque déjà votre soirapproche. Elle apporta ensuitelacoupe àchaque membre delaCompagnie, l’invitantàboire ensigne d’adieu. Mais quand ilseurent bu,elle leur ordonna deserasseoir surl’herbe, etdes fauteuils furentinstallés pourelleetpour Celeborn. Sessuivantes setinrent ensilence àses côtés, etelle considéra unmoment sesinvités. Enfin,elle...

• Bullfighting.

  V THE GREAT MATADORS Ranking the great matadors is highly subjective. Most aficionados would agree, however, that the following names must be included in any list of the modern greats:Rodolfo Gaona, Armillita (Fermín Espinosa), and Arruza, of Mexico; and Belmonte, Manolete, and Antonio Ordoñez, of Spain. Few South Americans have made an impacton the international bullfighting world. Although several North Americans have attempted careers as matadors, only Sidney Franklin and John Fulton Short m...

• Alexander Mackenzie.

  depression continued, manufacturers and farmers began to think a protective tariff might bring relief. The finance minister seemed ready to agree, but during a visit toScotland in the summer of 1875, Mackenzie declared that the principles of free trade were “the principles of civilization.” When he returned to Canada, there was nomention of a higher tariff in the budget of 1876. Personal characteristics also influenced Mackenzie's failure. As minister of public works he spent up to 14 hours a da...

• Alexander Mackenzie - Canadian History.

  depression continued, manufacturers and farmers began to think a protective tariff might bring relief. The finance minister seemed ready to agree, but during a visit toScotland in the summer of 1875, Mackenzie declared that the principles of free trade were “the principles of civilization.” When he returned to Canada, there was nomention of a higher tariff in the budget of 1876. Personal characteristics also influenced Mackenzie's failure. As minister of public works he spent up to 14 hours a da...

• Alexander Mackenzie - Canadian History.

  depression continued, manufacturers and farmers began to think a protective tariff might bring relief. The finance minister seemed ready to agree, but during a visit toScotland in the summer of 1875, Mackenzie declared that the principles of free trade were “the principles of civilization.” When he returned to Canada, there was nomention of a higher tariff in the budget of 1876. Personal characteristics also influenced Mackenzie's failure. As minister of public works he spent up to 14 hours a da...

• Light - astronomy.

  Each different frequency or wavelength of visible light causes our eye to see a slightly different color. The longest wavelength we can see is deep red at about 700 nm.The shortest wavelength humans can detect is deep blue or violet at about 400 nm. Most light sources do not radiate monochromatic light. What we call white light,such as light from the Sun, is a mixture of all the colors in the visible spectrum, with some represented more strongly than others. Human eyes respond best to greenlight...

• Eukaryote - biology.

  The waste is then expelled through a hole in the fused membrane. In complex animals, cells generate wastes such as urea when nutrients are broken down within cells.These wastes are transported by blood to the kidneys. The kidneys process the waste and produce urine, which is removed from the body through the bladder.Undigested food travels through the tubelike intestines and is eliminated through the digestive system. V EVOLUTIONARY ORIGINS Eukaryotes evolved much later than prokaryotes, whose...

• Poker.

  After the ante and the initial deal, the first round of betting starts with the player to the left of the dealer. This bettor can check (make no bet), make a bet, or fold. To stay in the game, subsequent bettors must call (match the current bet) or raise (increase the total bet). A round of betting ends when no player makes a further bet or a set limit of turns around the table has been reached. In the next round of betting, the player to the left of the bettor that started the last round o...

• A SIMPLE SOLUTION TO AN IMPOSSIBLE PROBLEM   The day after the renter and I dug up Dad's grave, I went to Mr.

  longer feltlike Iwas moving inthe direction ofDad. I'mnot even sureIbelieved inthe lock anymore. The lastBlack Ivisited wasPeter. Helived inSugar Hill,which isin Hamilton Heights,whichisin Harlem. Aman wassitting on the stoop whenIwalked uptothe house. Hehad alittle baby onhis knee, whohewas talking to,even though babies don't understand language,obviously. "AreyouPeter Black?" "Who'sasking?" "OskarSchell." Hepatted thestep, which meant Icould sitnext tohim ifIwanted, whichIthought wasnice, butI...

• The Alchimist

• William Faulkner I INTRODUCTION William Faulkner Twentieth-century American novelist William Faulkner wrote novels that explored the tensions between the old and the new in the American South.

  Faulkner’s “powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel.” He also wrote numerous short stories, many of the best of which werepublished in book form in Go Down, Moses (1942) and The Collected Stories (1950; Pulitzer Prize, 1951). In-between his fiction works, which until late in his career did not always pay well, Faulkner wrote screenplays for Hollywood; two of his more prominent scripts were for the motion pictures To Have and Have Not (1944) and The Big S...

• Qing Dynasty - history.

  ministries and recruited talented Chinese men who had lost confidence in Ming rule to fill some of the posts. In 1635 Abahai renamed his people “Manchu” to give them a sense of a fresh start, free from past ties to the Chinese. In 1636 he declared the beginning of a new dynasty,which he named Qing (Chinese for “pure”). While the Jurchen transformed their social and military organization north of the Great Wall, China to the south faced serious crises. In the 1620s and 1630s, bad weatherruined...

• Quark I INTRODUCTION Quark, smallest known building block of matter.

  Constituents of MatterMatter is composed of tiny particles called quarks. Quarks come in six varieties: up (u), down (d), charm (c), strange (s),top (t), and bottom (b). Quarks also have antimatter counterparts called antiquarks (designated by a line over the lettersymbol). Quarks combine to form larger particles called baryons, and quarks and antiquarks combine to form mesons.Protons and neutrons, particles that form the nuclei of atoms, are examples of baryons. Positive and negative kaons aree...

• Mfecane.

  The Kololo, a Sotho people, entered the same region in the early 1820s after being driven from their homeland south of the Vaal River by the Ngwane-Hlubi wars. In1823 the Kololo clashed with the Griqua and turned north into the Kalahari Desert. They eventually crossed the Zambezi and finally settled in what is now westernZambia after overthrowing the powerful Lozi Kingdom in 1840. D Founding of the Sotho Nation The Ngwane-Hlubi wars also drove loosely organized Sotho communities north into the...

• Nova - astronomy.

  When first discovered, the spectrum of a nova shows that the expanding layers of gas that cause the brightening have temperatures of 40,000° to 50,000° C (70,000°to 90,000° F)—about eight times as hot as the surface of the Sun. By the time a nova reaches maximum brightness, the temperature of the material has fallen to about10,000° C (about 20,000° F), or lower. Just after maximum brightness, the escaping cloud of gas cools and expands enough to become transparent. This transparency allows astro...

• Constitution of the United States.

  chief executive should have the power to veto legislation, should be elected by Congress or the people, should be eligible to run for reelection, and should command thearmed forces. Some delegates even hoped for a limited monarchy. Not until September 8, more than three months after the convention started, did the final shape ofthe presidency emerge: a single leader, elected to a four-year term and eligible for reelection, with authority to veto bills enacted by Congress. The president was alsog...

• Constitution of the United States - U.

  chief executive should have the power to veto legislation, should be elected by Congress or the people, should be eligible to run for reelection, and should command thearmed forces. Some delegates even hoped for a limited monarchy. Not until September 8, more than three months after the convention started, did the final shape ofthe presidency emerge: a single leader, elected to a four-year term and eligible for reelection, with authority to veto bills enacted by Congress. The president was alsog...

• Memory (psychology).

  memory span —how many items people can correctly recall in order. Researchers would show people increasingly long sequences of digits or letters and then ask them to recall as many of the items as they could. In 1956 American psychologist George Miller reviewed many experiments on memory span and concluded that peoplecould hold an average of seven items in short-term memory. He referred to this limit as “the magical number seven, plus or minus two” because the results of thestudies were so consi...

• Spain - country.

  B Natural Resources Spain has a number of mineral resources. The largest known deposits are of iron ore, zinc, and lead. Spain also produces significant quantities of copper and mercury.These deposits are mined mainly in Huelva province in southwestern Spain, around Cartagena on the Mediterranean, and at various points along the Bay of Biscay inthe north. Additionally, uranium is mined in the region of Extremadura, near the Portuguese frontier, where pyrites, fluorspar, gypsum, tungsten, and po...

• Text - science as a vocation

• Sun - astronomy.

  A The Sun’s Place in the Milky Way The Milky Way Galaxy contains about 400 billion stars. All of these stars, and the gas and dust between them, are rotating about a galactic center. Stars that arefarther away from the center move at slower speeds and take longer to go around it. The Sun is located in the outer part of the galaxy, at a distance of 2.6 × 10 17 km (1.6 × 10 17 mi) from the center. The Sun, which is moving around the center at a velocity of 220 km/s (140 mi/s), takes 250 million y...

• Drawing I INTRODUCTION Drawing, delineation of form upon a surface, usually a plane, by means of lines and tints or shading.

  In the monasteries of medieval Europe, religious texts were inscribed on parchment, then embellished with initial letters, decorative borders, and miniature scenes. InRomanesque Europe, drawings served as models to be copied for such manuscript illumination and also as cartoons ( see Cartoon), or studies, for frescoes, sculpture, and other arts. Subjects were usually treated as stylized symbols of religious truths. This viewpoint was countered in the Gothic period; the change was reflected in th...

• Dog Family - biology.

  muzzles, long and bushy tails, and large ears. Many foxes hunt by stalking prey and then leaping on it with a distinctive, stiff-legged pounce. Once thought to besolitary animals, foxes are now known to live in groups of up to six individuals. The remaining canids are each highly distinctive. Raccoon dogs and bush dogs are the least doglike canids in appearance. Raccoon dogs, found in eastern Asia, havestubby legs, a stout body, short ears, shaggy fur, and a black face mask that resembles a racc...

• From Bulfinch's Mythology: Theseus - anthology.

  One of the most celebrated of the adventures of Theseus is his expedition against the Amazons. He assailed them before they had recovered from the attack ofHercules, and carried off their queen Antiope. The Amazons in their turn invaded the country of Athens and penetrated into the city itself; and the final battle inwhich Theseus overcame them was fought in the very midst of the city. This battle was one of the favourite subjects of the ancient sculptors, and is commemorated inseveral works of...

• Psychology.

  Clinical psychology is dedicated to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of mental illnesses and other emotional or behavioral disorders. More psychologists work in this field than in any other branch of psychology. In hospitals, community clinics, schools, and in private practice, they use interviews and tests to diagnose depression,anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and other mental illnesses. People with these psychological disorders often suffer terribly. They experience disturbing symptoms t...

• Modern Dance I INTRODUCTION Modern Dance, tradition of theatrical dance unique to the 20th century.

  Though both had their own interests and styles, their collaboration helped establish modern dance as a 20th-century artform. Shawn helped overcome prejudices against men in the new field of modern dance.E.O. Hoppé/Corbis Because a dance language involves elements such as posture, use of the body’s weight, and the character of movements (sinuous, angular, and so forth)—as well asspecific movements of the head, torso, hands, arms, legs, and feet—most creators of modern dance have considered it ess...

• Penguin - biology.

  B Parents and Offspring Once female penguins lay their eggs, both the parents incubate the eggs. The incubation period varies according to species, ranging from 33 days for the little penguinto about 63 days for the emperor penguin. In most medium-sized penguins incubation takes 35 to 38 days. The incubation routine is highly variable among penguinspecies, although in general both sexes participate in incubation and feeding of young. Male and female Adélie penguins take turns incubating their e...