122 résultats pour "muslims"

• Trinidad und Tobago - geographie.

  der Petrochemie machen über 40 Prozent des gesamten Exportvolumens aus. Der Inselstaat gehört mittlerweile zu den weltweit bedeutenden Exporteuren von Flüssiggas.Kehrseite der Medaille sind allerdings die Belastungen der Umwelt (vor allem auf Trinidad) durch die Öl- und Gaswirtschaft. Um das Land von der Abhängigkeit vom Erdöl- und Erdgassektor zu lösen, förderten die Regierungen zur Diversifikation der Wirtschaft auch andere Wirtschaftszweige, wieetwa die Eisen- und Stahlindustrie und die Leich...

• Indien - geographie.

  immergrüne Pflanzen, Bambus und Edelholzarten wie etwa Teakholzbäume. In den sumpfigen Tiefländern und entlang der tiefer gelegenen Hänge der Westghats befindensich ausgedehnte Dschungelgebiete. Die Vegetation im Hochland von Dekkan ist zwar weniger üppig, es finden sich aber auf der gesamten Halbinsel immer wieder Bambus-und Palmenbestände sowie Laubwälder. 2.4 Fauna Die Wälder, Ebenen, Hügel und Berge in Indien sind Lebensraum einer vielfältigen Tierwelt. Das gilt auch für Großkatzen wie Tige...

• Sizilien - geographie.

  oströmischen/byzantinischen Kaisers Justinian I., des Großen, Sizilien und nachfolgend Italien. Unter byzantinischer Herrschaft wurde Sizilien zu einem zentralenHandelsplatz im Mittelmeer. Das von Justinian geschaffene Verwaltungssystem förderte die Selbständigkeit Siziliens im Rahmen der zu Byzanz gehörigen Gebiete Italiens,so dass die weltlichen und kirchlichen Großgrundbesitzer – die römische Kirche war durch Schenkungen zum größten Grundherrn auf Sizilien aufgestiegen – ihreMachtstellung aus...

• Arab Music I INTRODUCTION Umm Kulthum Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum was revered throughout Egypt, North Africa, and the Near East for her powerful voice and improvisational skill.

  The rhythmic structure of Arab music is similarly complex. Rhythmic patterns have up to 48 beats and typically include several downbeats (called dums ) as well as upbeats (called taks) and silences, or rests. To grasp a rhythmic mode, the listener must hear a relatively long pattern. Moreover, the performers do not simply play the pattern; they elaborate upon and ornament it. Often the pattern is recognizable by the arrangement of downbeats. The Rhythm in Arab Music illustration demonstratesa...

• Djibouti (country) - country.

  l’Unité et de la Démocratie (FRUD; Front for the Renewal of Unity and Democracy) represents the Afar minority. The Parti National Démocratique (PND; Democratic National Party) and the Parti du Renouveau Démocratique (PRD; Democratic Renewal Party) are both small opposition parties favoring democratic reforms. VI HISTORY Djibouti lies at a major global crossroads where, some 100,000 years ago, early humans migrated from Africa to the Middle East. Livestock herding, which remainsimportant...

• Republic of Indonesia - country.

  Mahakam in East Kalimantan and the Martapura and Barito in South Kalimantan. Most of these rivers originate in the island’s central massif (mountain mass) and meander through extensive swamps as they approach the coast. Settlements such as Samarinda and Banjarmasin cluster along the rivers, which serve ascommunication routes into the interior. The largest rivers on Sumatra drain from west to east into the Strait of Malacca. In the north, the Asahan River once linked trade between the Batak peo...

• Iraq - country.

  The Euphrates begins in Turkey, crosses Syria, and enters Iraq at Abū Kam āl. The flow of the Euphrates into Iraq has been greatly reduced by dams built by Turkeyand Syria. The gradient of the Euphrates above the town of H īt, in west central Iraq, is steep. In the 2,640 km (1,640 mi) from its source in Turkey to H īt, the river fallsfrom 3,000 m (10,000 ft) to a low water elevation of 50 m (170 ft) above sea level, an average drop of 1 m per km (6 ft per mi). In Iraq below H īt the fall is very...

• Iran - country.

  Zagros mountains. In the more arid central part of the country, wild pistachio and other drought-resistant trees grow in areas that have not been disturbed by humanactivity. Tamarisk and other salt-tolerant bushes grow along the margins of the Dasht-e Kavir. A wide variety of native mammals, reptiles, birds, and insects inhabit Iran. Many species of mammals—including wolves, foxes, bears, mountain goats, red mountainsheep, rabbits, and gerbils—continue to thrive. Others—including Caspian tigers,...

• Jimmy Carter.

  B Election of 1976 Carter apparently decided as early as 1972, halfway through his four-year term as governor, that he would seek the presidency of the United States. Soon after the1972 election, his campaign manager drew up a detailed campaign strategy. Carter followed the plan closely, beginning an exhausting schedule of campaigning as soonas his gubernatorial term ended. When Carter formally announced in January 1975 that he was a candidate for president, he had almost no national reputation...

• Jimmy Carter

  B Election of 1976 Carter apparently decided as early as 1972, halfway through his four-year term as governor, that he would seek the presidency of the United States. Soon after the1972 election, his campaign manager drew up a detailed campaign strategy. Carter followed the plan closely, beginning an exhausting schedule of campaigning as soonas his gubernatorial term ended. When Carter formally announced in January 1975 that he was a candidate for president, he had almost no national reputation...

• Nigeria - geographie.

  3.3. 1 Feiertage Zu den Feiertagen Nigerias gehören Neujahr (1. Januar), der Tag der Arbeit (1. Mai) und der Nationaltag (1. Oktober). Daneben werden landesweit die Feiertage desChristentums und des Islam eingehalten. Die Feiertage der Muslime verschieben sich von Jahr zu Jahr, da sie sich nach dem Mondkalender richten. Hierzu zählen Maulid an- Nabi, der im September oder Oktober den Geburtstag Mohammeds feiert; Idul Fitr, ein dreitägiges Fest am Ende der einmonatigen Fastenzeit Ramadan; un...

• Africa.

  The highest elevations in Africa are found in the various ranges of East Africa. After Kilimanjaro, the next highest peaks are Mount Kenya (5,199 m/17,057 ft), north ofKilimanjaro in central Kenya; Margherita Peak (5,109 m/ 16,762 ft) in the Ruwenzori Range on the border between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC); Ras Dashen (4,620 m/ 15,157 ft) in the Ethiopian Highlands of northern Ethiopia; Mount Meru (4,565 m/ 14,977 ft), close to Kilimanjaro in Tanzania; and MountElgon (4,...

• Africa - Geography.

  The highest elevations in Africa are found in the various ranges of East Africa. After Kilimanjaro, the next highest peaks are Mount Kenya (5,199 m/17,057 ft), north ofKilimanjaro in central Kenya; Margherita Peak (5,109 m/ 16,762 ft) in the Ruwenzori Range on the border between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC); Ras Dashen (4,620 m/ 15,157 ft) in the Ethiopian Highlands of northern Ethiopia; Mount Meru (4,565 m/ 14,977 ft), close to Kilimanjaro in Tanzania; and MountElgon (4,...

• Libya - country.

  junipers and mastic trees are found in the higher elevations. Only a few large mammals are found in Libya. Wildlife includes desert rodents, hyenas, gazelles, and wildcats. Eagles, hawks, and vultures are common. E Environmental Issues Libya has undertaken a number of major irrigation projects intended to ease the country’s water shortage. The most ambitious is the so-called Great Man-Made River(GMMR), a massive 25-year irrigation scheme begun in 1984. The GMMR is a vast water pipeline system d...

• African Literature I INTRODUCTION African Literature, oral and written literature produced on the African continent.

  that few scholars of African culture know any African languages, and few Africans know an African language other than their own. The best-known literatures in Africanlanguages include those in Yoruba and Hausa in West Africa; Sotho, Xhosa, and Zulu in southern Africa; and Amharic, Somali, and Swahili in East Africa. In West Africa, Yoruba writing emerged after Bishop Ajayi Crowther, a former slave, developed a script for the language and in 1900 published the first Yorubatranslation of the Bible...

• Indonesien - geographie.

  der fünfziger Jahre auf etwa 60 000 geschätzt, ist auf unter 10 000 zurückgegangen. Hinsichtlich seiner Einwohnerzahl liegt Indonesien weltweit an fünfter Stelle. Die Einwohnerzahl beträgt etwa 238 Millionen (2008). Die Bevölkerungsdichte ist regional sehrunterschiedlich. Ungefähr 61 Prozent der Bevölkerung leben auf Java und Madura, die zusammen lediglich knapp 7 Prozent der Staatsfläche ausmachen. Damit gehörendiese beiden Inseln mit ungefähr 755 Einwohnern pro Quadratkilometer zu den dichtest...

• Holy Roman Empire I INTRODUCTION Holy Roman Empire, political entity of lands in western and central Europe, founded by Charlemagne in AD 800 and dissolved by Emperor Francis II in 1806.

  acquired the imperial title and an area running from the North Sea through Lotharingia (Lorraine) and Burgundy to northern Italy; Louis II received East Francia (theGerman duchies of Saxony, Swabia, and Bavaria). In 870 Lothair’s middle kingdom was divided by the Treaty of Mersen, which gave Lotharingia to East Francia and therest to West Francia. This division created the foundation for today’s states of Germany and France, respectively; however, in the 9th century these were highly fractured d...

• Holy Roman Empire .

  acquired the imperial title and an area running from the North Sea through Lotharingia (Lorraine) and Burgundy to northern Italy; Louis II received East Francia (theGerman duchies of Saxony, Swabia, and Bavaria). In 870 Lothair’s middle kingdom was divided by the Treaty of Mersen, which gave Lotharingia to East Francia and therest to West Francia. This division created the foundation for today’s states of Germany and France, respectively; however, in the 9th century these were highly fractured d...

• Ghana - country.

  times of depressed cacao prices, Ghana has significantly increased exports of timber to generate needed revenue. In 1988 Ghana initiated a conservation plan called the Forest Resource Management Project. In 1989 Ghana restricted the export of 18 tree species, and in 1994 thecountry banned the export of raw logs. About 4.8 percent (1997) of the country’s land is officially protected, but illegal logging threatens Ghana’s remaining forests. Deforestation, overgrazing, and periodic drought have led...

• Afghanistan - geographie.

  3.2. 1 Feiertage Die weltlichen Feiertage in Afghanistan umfassen den Siegestag der muslimischen Nation (28. April), den nationalen Gedenktag (4. Mai) und den Unabhängigkeitstag(Jashn, am 18. August). Das Jashn-Fest erinnert an die Befreiung des Landes von der britischen Herrschaft im Jahr 1919 und dauert eine ganze Woche. Alle bedeutenden islamischen Feiertage richten sich nach dem Mondkalender und fallen daher jedes Jahr auf ein anderes Datum. Der Ramadan ist der Fastenmonat der Muslime. Der...

• Ägypten - geographie.

  Etwa 70 Pflanzenarten sind in Ägypten endemisch. Aufgrund der überwiegend trockenen Bedingungen und der intensiven landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung setzt sich die Floraweitgehend aus Kulturpflanzen zusammen. Vegetationsreich sind in Ägypten vor allem Nildelta, Niltal und Oasen. Die am weitesten verbreitete Baumart ist die Dattelpalme.Zu den wenigen einheimischen Bäumen zählen ferner Maulbeerbäume, Tamarisken, Akazien und Johannisbrotbäume. Daneben wurden Baumarten eingeführt, dieursprünglich nicht i...

• Greece - country.

  minerals, such as chromium, copper, uranium, and magnesium, are relatively small. Greece’s small petroleum deposits, located under the Aegean Sea near the island ofThásos, are rapidly being depleted. There are no significant reserves of natural gas. Greece’s forests, probably abundant in ancient times, have been significantly depleted. Subsequent soil erosion has made reforestation efforts difficult. Although muchof Greece’s soil is rocky and dry, the country’s mountains are interspersed with sm...