422 résultats pour "república"
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Finland Facts and Figures.
Nonreligious 5 percent Atheist 1 percent Other 7 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 78.8 years (2008 estimate) Female 82.5 years (2008 estimate) Male 75.3 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 4 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 303 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 139 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 100 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross nati...
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Chad Facts and Figures.
Male 46.4 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 100 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 25,664 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,389 people (1991) Literacy rateTotal 53.6 percent (2000) Female 40.8 percent (2000) Male 66.9 percent (2000) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 6 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 69...
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Costa Rica Facts and Figures.
Total 77.4 years (2008 estimate) Female 80.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 74.8 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 9 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 582 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 714 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 96.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 96.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 96.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.2 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of...
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Lebanon Facts and Figures.
Male 70.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 23 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 307 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 333 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 88.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 83.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 93.6 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.7 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teac...
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Bangladesh Facts and Figures.
Male 63.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 58 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 3,889 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 3,333 people (1999) Literacy rateTotal 44.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 33 percent (2005 estimate) Male 54.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.3 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 5 years (2002-2003) Number of students per te...
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Côte d'Ivoire Facts and Figures.
Female 51.8 years (2008 estimate) Male 46.6 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 86 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 8,120 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,232 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 53.6 percent (2005 estimate) Female 46.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 60.1 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.9 percent (2000-2001) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years...
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Zambia Facts and Figures.
Life expectancy Total 38.6 years (2008 estimate) Female 38.7 years (2008 estimate) Male 38.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 101 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 8,642 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 287 people (1981) Literacy rateTotal 82.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 76.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 87.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 2.5 percent (1998-199...
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Hungary Facts and Figures.
Calvinist 20 percent Lutheran 5 percent Atheist 4 percent Nonreligious 7 percent Other 1 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 73.2 years (2008 estimate) Female 77.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 69 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 329 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 128 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 99.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 99.3 percent (2005 estimate) M...
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Iraq Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 69.6 years (2008 estimate) Female 71 years (2008 estimate) Male 68.3 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 45 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,519 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 769 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 41.1 percent (2005 estimate) Female 25.2 percent (2005 estimate) Male 56.6 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 pe...
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Namibia Facts and Figures.
Female 41.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 44.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 47 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 3,363 people (2004) Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 85.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 85.3 percent (2005 estimate) Male 85.5 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 7.1 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (2001...
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Bolivia Facts and Figures.
Other 2 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancyTotal 66.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 69.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 63.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 49 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,364 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,000 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 88.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 83.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 93.8 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross nationa...
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Singapur - geografía.
pequeños grupos de parsis y judíos. 3.3 Lenguas oficiales y habladas La República de Singapur tiene cuatro idiomas oficiales: el inglés, el chino mandarín, el malayo y el tamil. Al menos se hablan otros ocho dialectos del chino, la mayor partede ellos con ningún rasgo en común. El inglés es el idioma utilizado en la administración y en la educación. 3.4 Educación La educación básica es gratuita, y a pesar de no ser obligatoria, prácticamente todos los niños están inscritos en este nivel. La es...
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Syria Facts and Figures.
Total 70.9 years (2008 estimate) Female 72.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 69.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 27 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,887 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 667 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 78.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 66.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 90.6 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.2 percent (2001-2002) Number of years...
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Greece Facts and Figures.
Female 82.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 77 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 227 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 213 people (2000) Literacy rateTotal 97.7 percent (2005 estimate) Female 96.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 98.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-200...
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South Africa Facts and Figures.
Anglican 7 percent Hindu 2 percent Muslim 2 percent Nonreligious 2 percent Other 2 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 42.4 years (2008 estimate) Female 41.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 43.3 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 58 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,298 people (2004) Population per hospital bed Not available Literacy rateTotal 87.1 percent (2005 estimate) Female 86.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 8...
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Argentina Facts and Figures.
Female 80.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 72.8 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 14 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 332 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 244 people (2000) Literacy rateTotal 97.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 97.3 percent (2005 estimate) Male 97.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.3 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 10 years (20...
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Vietnam Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 71.3 years (2008 estimate) Female 74.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 68.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 24 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,871 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 417 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 94.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 92.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 96 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3 pe...
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Tanzania Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 51.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 52.9 years (2008 estimate) Male 50.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 71 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 44,133 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,123 people (1992) Literacy rateTotal 80.2 percent (2005 estimate) Female 73.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 87.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP)...
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Turkey Facts and Figures.
Male 70.7 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 37 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 641 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 385 people (2005) Literacy rateTotal 87.6 percent (2005 estimate) Female 80.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 94.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 3.6 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teac...
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Zimbabwe Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 39.7 years (2008 estimate) Female 38.5 years (2008 estimate) Male 40.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 51 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 6,199 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,959 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 91.9 percent (2005 estimate) Female 88.7 percent (2005 estimate) Male 95.1 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP)...
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South Korea Facts and Figures.
Female 81.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 74 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 6 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 554 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 141 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 98.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 97.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 99.3 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.2 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2...
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Colombia Facts and Figures.
Other 1 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 72.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 76.5 years (2008 estimate) Male 68.7 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 20 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 741 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 909 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 93 percent (2005 estimate) Female 93.1 percent (2005 estimate) Male 92.9 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national p...
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Egypt Facts and Figures.
Infant mortality rate 28 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 472 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 455 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 59.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 48.9 percent (2005 estimate) Male 69.4 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.1 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 8 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 22 students per...
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Italy Facts and Figures.
Population per hospital bed 227 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 98.8 percent (2005 estimate) Female 98.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 99.1 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4.8 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2001-2002) Number of students per teacher, primary school 11 students per teacher (2002-2003) GOVERNMENTForm of government Republic Head of state President Head of government Prime mini...
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Germany Facts and Figures.
Nonreligious 17 percent Other 7 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 79.1 years (2008 estimate) Female 82.3 years (2008 estimate) Male 76.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 4 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 291 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 112 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 99 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4...
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Chile Facts and Figures.
Other 10 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 77.2 years (2008 estimate) Female 80.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 73.9 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 916 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 385 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 96.5 percent (2005 estimate) Female 96.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 96.6 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national...
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Venezuela Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 73.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 76.7 years (2008 estimate) Male 70.4 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 22 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 516 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,250 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 94 percent (2005 estimate) Female 93.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 94.2 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.2...
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Austria Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 79.4 years (2008 estimate) Female 82.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 76.5 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 273 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 121 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 99 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.8 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of co...
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Nigeria Facts and Figures.
Male 47.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 94 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 3,715 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 599 people (1990) Literacy rateTotal 70.7 percent (2005 estimate) Female 63.8 percent (2005 estimate) Male 77.8 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 0.7 percent (1999-2000) Number of years of compulsory schooling 9 years (2002-2003) Number of students per te...
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Revolución comunista china - historia.
propugnaban la reunificación de China, instituyeron una academia militar en Whampoa, a las afueras de Cantón, para entrenar a los oficiales de un ejército financiado por laURSS. En 1926, este ejército mixto emprendió la llamada expedición al Norte, con el objeto de ampliar el territorio bajo control del gobierno central, y cosechó un granéxito en los siguientes dos años. No obstante, Sun Yat-sen murió en 1925 y el Guomindang se desgajó entre sus elementos radicales que querían una reforma social...
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Brazil Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 72.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 76.6 years (2008 estimate) Male 68.6 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 27 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 486 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 370 people (2002) Literacy rateTotal 87.1 percent (2005 estimate) Female 87.5 percent (2005 estimate) Male 86.7 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 4 pe...
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Pakistan Facts and Figures.
HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 64.1 years (2008 estimate) Female 65.2 years (2008 estimate) Male 63.1 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 67 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 1,353 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 1,429 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 47.4 percent (2005 estimate) Female 32.4 percent (2005 estimate) Male 61.4 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP)...
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Iran Facts and Figures.
Shiite Muslim 93 percent Sunni Muslim 6 percent Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i 1 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 70.9 years (2008 estimate) Female 72.4 years (2008 estimate) Male 69.4 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 37 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 2,223 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 625 people (2001) Literacy rateTotal 81.3 percent (2005 estimate) Female 75.2 percent (2005 estimate...
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Indonesia Facts and Figures.
Buddhist 1 percent Other 1 percent HEALTH AND EDUCATIONLife expectancy Total 70.5 years (2008 estimate) Female 73.1 years (2008 estimate) Male 68 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 31 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 6,159 people (2004) Population per hospital bed 167 people (1998) Literacy rateTotal 89.5 percent (2005 estimate) Female 85.6 percent (2005 estimate) Male 93.6 percent (2005 estimate) Education expenditure as a sh...
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France Facts and Figures.
Male 77.7 years (2008 estimate) Infant mortality rate 3 deaths per 1,000 live births (2008 estimate) Population per physician 293 people (2006) Population per hospital bed 130 people (2003) Literacy rateTotal 99 percent (1995) Female Not available Male Not available Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.6 percent (2002-2003) Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (2002-2003) Number of students per teacher, primary school 19 students per teach...
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Algerian War of Independence.
commander. In Paris, General Charles de Gaulle was called to form a new government to save the situation. In June 1958 in Algiers, de Gaulle reassured the colons with the ambiguous phrase, “Je vous ai compris” (“I have understood you”). His September 1958 proposals forgreater Algerian integration into France failed to address the colons’ fears. In September 1958 the FLN created its own Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic(GPRA), with Ferhat Abbas as president. By 1959 de Gaulle realiz...
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Austria - country.
Wildlife is generally scarce in Austria. Chamois, deer, and marmot are still present; bear, which were once abundant, are now almost completely absent. Hunting isstrictly regulated to protect the remaining species. F Environmental Issues Industrial emissions, a high volume of tourist traffic, and significant air pollution from other countries—principally the former East Germany, Slovakia, and the CzechRepublic—combine to make acid rain the major environmental problem in Austria. One-quarter of...
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Ukraine - country.
a major hazard, especially to Ukraine’s water supply. The Chernobyl’ complex was finally shut down completely in December 2000, with the financial assistance ofWestern nations. The funds were to pay for the completion of two other nuclear power plants that would produce enough power to make up for the loss of the powersupply from the Chernobyl’ plant. III PEOPLE OF UKRAINE The population of Ukraine was estimated in 2008 at 45,994,287, giving the country a population density of 76 persons per s...
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Cuba - geografía.
3.1 Características de la población, religión y lengua La población cubana está conformada principalmente por los siguientes grupos: un 51% es mulata, un 37% es básicamente descendiente de españoles, un 11% es negra yun 1% es de origen chino. No existe población inmigrante considerable, pues casi la totalidad de sus habitantes ha nacido en el país. Un 76% de la población se clasificacomo urbana. La esperanza de vida es de 75 años para los hombres y de 79,6 para las mujeres. Cuba es el país con...
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French Revolution.
B2 Assembly of Notables and Estates-General To pressure the parlements into accepting the plan, Calonne decided to gain prior approval of it from an Assembly of Notables—a group of hand-picked dignitaries hethought would sympathize with his views. But Calonne had badly miscalculated. Meeting in January 1787, the assembly refused to believe that a financial crisis reallyexisted. They had been influenced by Necker’s argument that state finances were sound and suspected that the monarchy was only...
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French Revolution .
B2 Assembly of Notables and Estates-General To pressure the parlements into accepting the plan, Calonne decided to gain prior approval of it from an Assembly of Notables—a group of hand-picked dignitaries hethought would sympathize with his views. But Calonne had badly miscalculated. Meeting in January 1787, the assembly refused to believe that a financial crisis reallyexisted. They had been influenced by Necker’s argument that state finances were sound and suspected that the monarchy was only...
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France - country.
In both the Paris and Aquitaine basins, fertile soils derived from limestone and wind-deposited dust, called loess, have supported prosperous agriculture since ancienttimes. Other lowlands in France are scattered and relatively small. They include the Alsace Plain in the east, bordering Germany, the valley of the Rhône River in thesoutheast, and the Languedoc Plain along the Mediterranean coast. A2 Uplands France contains several regions of uplands, the worn down remains of ancient mountain sys...
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Turkey - country.
has a general elevation of 900 to 1,500 m (3,000 to 5,000 ft) above sea level. The eastern highlands region is the most mountainous and rugged portion of Turkey; Mount Ararat (Ağrı Da ğı) is the highest peak in the country at 5,165 m (16,945ft). Many Christians and Jews believe it to be the same Mount Ararat mentioned in the Bible as the place where Noah’s ark came to rest. The eastern highlands are thesource for both the Tigris (Dicle) and Euphrates (Fir āt)—two of southwestern Asia’s principal...
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Italy - country.
C Natural Resources Italy is poor in natural resources. Much of the land is unsuitable for agriculture because of mountainous terrain or unfavorable climate. Italy, moreover, lacks substantialdeposits of basic natural resources such as coal, iron, and petroleum. Natural gas is the country’s most important mineral resource. Other deposits include feldspar andpumice. Many of Italy’s mineral deposits on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia had been heavily depleted by the early 1990s. Italy is rich...
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Guinea - country.
Mining operations in 2004 yielded 16 million metric tons of bauxite, 468,400 carats of high-quality diamonds, and 16,000 kg (35,300 lb) of gold. Environmental concernsand political instability in neighboring Liberia have delayed exploitation of high-grade iron ore from Mount Nimba. In 1999 the national budget included $466 million in revenues and $414 million in expenditures. The unit of currency is the Guinean franc, which is divided into 100 centimes (3,644 francs equal U.S.$1; 2005 average...
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Texas - geography.
D Climate Eastern Texas has a humid subtropical climate, while a semiarid low latitude climate prevails in central areas, and an arid low latitude climate in the extreme west. Alongthe coast the climate is much milder, with fewer extremes in temperatures. Hurricanes sometimes hit the coastal areas of Texas from late July through September, andtornadoes are common in north-central Texas in April and May. D1 Temperature Summers are hot throughout the state, and temperatures exceeding 35°C (95°F)...
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Texas - USA History.
D Climate Eastern Texas has a humid subtropical climate, while a semiarid low latitude climate prevails in central areas, and an arid low latitude climate in the extreme west. Alongthe coast the climate is much milder, with fewer extremes in temperatures. Hurricanes sometimes hit the coastal areas of Texas from late July through September, andtornadoes are common in north-central Texas in April and May. D1 Temperature Summers are hot throughout the state, and temperatures exceeding 35°C (95°F)...
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African Theater
I
INTRODUCTION
African Theater, traditional, historical, and contemporary dramatic forms in Africa south of the Sahara.
The period after World War II ended in 1945 led to the struggle for and achievement of independence in many African countries. The new nation-states were oftenestablished along colonial boundaries and power was handed over to a bourgeois class who had been educated in Europe. The epoch-making era of nationalismproduced a number of African playwrights who merged African theatrical traditions with European forms. These plays are still widely performed and read in many partsof the continent. Nigeri...
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African Theater
I
INTRODUCTION
African Theater, traditional, historical, and contemporary dramatic forms in Africa south of the Sahara.
The period after World War II ended in 1945 led to the struggle for and achievement of independence in many African countries. The new nation-states were oftenestablished along colonial boundaries and power was handed over to a bourgeois class who had been educated in Europe. The epoch-making era of nationalismproduced a number of African playwrights who merged African theatrical traditions with European forms. These plays are still widely performed and read in many partsof the continent. Nigeri...
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Egypt - country.
Egypt has a wide variety of mineral deposits, some of which, such as gold and red granite, have been exploited since ancient times. The chief mineral resource ofcontemporary value is petroleum, found mainly in the Red Sea coastal region, at Al ‘Alamayn (El ‘Alamein) on the Mediterranean, and on the Sinai Peninsula. Otherminerals include phosphates, manganese, iron ore, and uranium. Natural gas is also extracted. D Plants and Animals The vegetation of Egypt is confined largely to the Nile Delta,...