377 résultats pour "populäre"

• Lincoln: "A House Divided" At the 1858 state Republican convention in Springfield, Illinois, the Republican Party's United States Senate candidate for Illinois and future president Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous "House Divided" speech.

  First, That no negro slave, imported as such from Africa, and no descendant of such slave can ever be a citizen of any state in the sense of that term as used in theConstitution of the United States. This point is made in order to deprive the negro, in every possible event, of the benefit of that provision of the United StatesConstitution which declares that 'The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.' Secondly, That, 'sub...

• Japanese Literature I INTRODUCTION Japanese Literature, literature of Japan, in written form from at least the 8th century AD to the present.

  The Man’yō’sh ū contains about 4,500 poems, most of them composed in the Nara period (710-784). Some of the poems are far older, however, and some of the verses date to earlier collections that have not survived. The work demonstrates a gradual change from basic verses on simple subjects to more sophisticated expressions with a broad range of subject matter. This text also shows the development of poetic forms such as the tanka (short poem), a form structured around alternating lines of 5 an...

• Article de presse: L'irrésistible ascension de Gamal Abdel Nasser

  canal, les troupes de Churchill tiennent plus fermement que jamais les bases-clés. Des volontaires, recrutés notamment chez lesFrères musulmans, leur mènent tout de même la vie dure. Mais, le 26 janvier, l'artillerie britannique massacre une centaine de policiers égyptiens de la zone du canal. C'est le signal, auCaire, d'une explosion nationale qui dégénérera en émeute plébéienne, puis en pillage et en tuerie, enfin en un incendie qui ne futpas seulement celui des beaux quartiers du Caire mai...

• Executive Branch.

  Popular pressure for increased regulation of businesses increased in the early 20th century. This pressure led to laws such as the Pure Food and Drug Acts, and the1906 Meat Inspection Act. Pressure for reform also led to creation of the Federal Trade Commission in 1914 to prevent unfair business practices. Worldwide depressionin the 1930s brought new demands that government take a more activist role in regulating businesses, protecting workers, and ensuring national economic stability. Aspart of...

• Comics.

  Fantasio von André Franquin erfreuen sich mit ihrem zum Teil anspruchsvollen Witz seit den siebziger Jahren auch in Deutschland großer Beliebtheit bei Kindern und Erwachsenen. In den sechziger Jahren entstanden in den USA gegen das Establishment gerichtete Underground-Comics für Erwachsene, die das Medium nicht nur durch gezielten Tabubruch von alten Zwängen befreiten, sondern auch durch ihren psychedelischen Stil (wie bei Gilbert Shelton) eine neue Bildersprache entwickelten. Vor allem die h...

• Germinal de Emile Zola

  de nombreux domestiques. Tous les deux adorent leur fille et espèrent la marier à Négrel. Il personnifie alors laclasse bourgeoise qui désire a tout prix se mettre a distance des mineurs miséreux tout en profitant de leur durelabeur. Les Deneulin : Deneulin est le patron des mines de Jean-Bart. Il personnifie en quelque sorte le capital. Il est le seulà avoir un accès direct aux ouvriers car il rencontre Etienne et Chaval. Il est le seul à comprendre les difficultés desmineurs face a la ba...

• Snorkeling.

  injury from animals is to be aware of diving conditions at a site, to dive with a buddy, and to leave the water promptly should a problem occur. Boaters can also pose a serious threat to snorkelers. If not near a boat or a visible dive flag, snorkelers can be virtually invisible to boaters and can be run over.Another common danger in snorkeling is fatigue, which can lead to drowning. V WORKING UNDERWATER Most underwater work is accomplished by scuba divers because they can remain underwater at...

• Computerspiele 1 EINLEITUNG Computerspiele, Form der Videospiele, die im Unterschied zu Konsolenspielen auf einem Personal Computer (PC) gespielt werden.

  4.2 Anstieg der Popularität in den achtziger und neunziger Jahren Die Initialzündung zum weltweiten Siegeszug von Computerspielen war 1982 die Veröffentlichung des ersten für den Heimgebrauch tauglichen Computers, desCommodore C64. Der 8-Bit-Computer wurde wegen seines vergleichsweise geringen Preises und seiner Spiel- und Programmiermöglichkeiten in kurzer Zeit insbesondereunter Jugendlichen überaus populär. Schätzungen zufolge erschienen für den C64 insgesamt mehr als 17 000 Spiele, die zunäc...

• Spain - country.

  B Natural Resources Spain has a number of mineral resources. The largest known deposits are of iron ore, zinc, and lead. Spain also produces significant quantities of copper and mercury.These deposits are mined mainly in Huelva province in southwestern Spain, around Cartagena on the Mediterranean, and at various points along the Bay of Biscay inthe north. Additionally, uranium is mined in the region of Extremadura, near the Portuguese frontier, where pyrites, fluorspar, gypsum, tungsten, and po...

• Theater I INTRODUCTION The Art of Theater BBC Worldwide Americas, Inc.

  Theater at EpidaurusAncient Greek dramas were performed in open-air theaters like this one in Epidaurus, Greece, which was designed byPolyclitus the Younger in 350 bc. A festival of ancient Greek drama is still held in the summer in this 14,000-seat theater.Roger Wood/Corbis Fundamental to the theater experience is the act of seeing and being seen; in fact, the word theater comes from the Greek word theatron , meaning 'seeing place.' Throughout the history of world cultures, actors have used...

• Perro - ciencias de la naturaleza.

  tienen extremidades cortas mientras que el greyhound o galgo inglés las tiene largas. La forma de las orejas varía también, aunque esta característica también depende desi se les han recortado al nacer para que estén más erguidas. Algunos perros, entre ellos el chow chow, tienen la lengua de color azul negruzco. A pesar de todas estas diferencias, todas las razas son anatómicamente muy parecidas. El esqueleto de los perros consta aproximadamente de 321 huesos, con ciertasvariaciones que dependen...

• Iran - country.

  Zagros mountains. In the more arid central part of the country, wild pistachio and other drought-resistant trees grow in areas that have not been disturbed by humanactivity. Tamarisk and other salt-tolerant bushes grow along the margins of the Dasht-e Kavir. A wide variety of native mammals, reptiles, birds, and insects inhabit Iran. Many species of mammals—including wolves, foxes, bears, mountain goats, red mountainsheep, rabbits, and gerbils—continue to thrive. Others—including Caspian tigers,...

• Roman Art and Architecture - History.

  Racecourses or circuses were also built in many cities for holding chariot races and horse races. Rome’s circus-shaped Piazza Navona occupies the site of one that wasbuilt during the reign ( AD 81-96) of the emperor Domitian. The largest circus in Rome, the Circus Maximus, held about 200,000 spectators. E Public Baths Large cities and small towns alike also had public baths ( thermae ); under the Republic they were generally made up of a suite of dressing rooms and bathing chambers with hot- ,...

• Tragedy I INTRODUCTION Euripides Unlike other 5th-century BC Greek playwrights, tragic poet Euripides addressed the plight of the common people, rather than that of mythic heroes.

  SenecaSeneca was a Roman philosopher, dramatist, and statesman. His tragedies later influenced Renaissance dramatists,including William Shakespeare. The bust of Seneca shown here is a Roman copy of a Greek original.Art Resource, NY Aeschylus is one of the best known of the ancient Greek tragic playwrights. The author of some 90 plays, he established many of the conventions of the tragic dramaticform, which he perfected throughout his career. Aeschylus's skillful use of poetic language and brilli...

• Serpiente - ciencias de la naturaleza.

  Serpiente engullendoBBC Worldwide Americas, Inc. El cuerpo largo y delgado de las serpientes contiene numerosas vértebras —nunca menos de 100 y a veces más de 300—, cada una de ellas con un par de costillas, las dosprimeras conectadas a la cabeza. El esqueleto es de estructura ligera y presenta características específicas que permiten una gran libertad de movimientos. Las piezas delcráneo gozan de gran movilidad y pueden dislocarse en varias direcciones, lo que permite a la serpiente tragar pres...

• Puerto Rico - geography.

  the length of the day remains fairly constant throughout the year. San Juan has a mean July temperature of 28°C (83°F) and a mean January temperature of 25°C (77°F). The average temperature of the seawater surrounding theisland is 27°C (81°F), with little variation during the course of the year. The entire island is cooled by the trade winds from the northeast. This air also contains much water vapor. As the air is forced to rise over the mountains, it becomescooler and the water vapor condenses...

• Québec (city) - Geography.

  rotates between the mayors of small, medium, and core municipalities. The QUC is responsible for zoning, regional development, property valuation, waste disposal, andtourism promotion. City planning and public transit are handled in collaboration with the municipalities. Other municipal functions such as public works, libraries, water,parks, fire and police services, street repair, and traffic control are left to the municipalities. VII CONTEMPORARY ISSUES In recent years the St. Lawrence Rive...

• Automobilsport 1 EINLEITUNG Automobilsport, zum Motorsport zählende Geschwindigkeitsrennen, die mit Kraftfahrzeugen (Automobilen) ausgetragen werden.

  Wichtige technische Neuerungen der neunziger Jahre waren das aktive Fahrwerk, das sich computergesteuert der jeweiligen Fahrsituation anpasst, und eine neueaerodynamische Gestaltung, wonach die „Nase” des Fahrzeugs wesentlich höher über den Boden ragte als zuvor. Neue Verordnungen sorgten außerdem dafür, dass an dieStelle der bisher eingesetzten Kraftstoffgemische nun auf normales, so genanntes „Tankstellenbenzin” zurückgegriffen wurde. 1998 wurden mehrere neue Regeln, die vorallem der Sicherhei...

• skateboard

• Historia del cine.

  Asalto y robo de un tren tuvo un gran éxito y contribuyó de forma notable a que el cine se convirtiera en un espectáculo masivo. Las pequeñas salas de cine, conocidas como nickelodeones, se extendieron por Estados Unidos, y el cine comenzó a surgir como industria. La mayoría de las películas, de una sola bobina, de la época erancomedias breves, historias de aventuras o grabaciones de actuaciones de los actores teatrales más famosos del momento. 4 LAS PELÍCULAS MUDAS Entre 1909 y 1912 todos los...

• Historia del cine - historia.

  Asalto y robo de un tren tuvo un gran éxito y contribuyó de forma notable a que el cine se convirtiera en un espectáculo masivo. Las pequeñas salas de cine, conocidas como nickelodeones, se extendieron por Estados Unidos, y el cine comenzó a surgir como industria. La mayoría de las películas, de una sola bobina, de la época erancomedias breves, historias de aventuras o grabaciones de actuaciones de los actores teatrales más famosos del momento. 4 LAS PELÍCULAS MUDAS Entre 1909 y 1912 todos los...

• Prints and Printmaking I INTRODUCTION Prints and Printmaking, pictorial images that can be inked onto paper, and the art of creating and reproducing them.

  Bewick’s The SkylarkBritish engraver Thomas Bewick’s The Skylark is part of his History of British Birds (2 vols., 1797 and 1804). Bewick wasthe first artist to demonstrate the full potential of wood engraving and is renowned for his fine natural history illustrations.Each illustration shows some of the bird’s natural habitat.Folio Society, London/Bridgeman Art Library, London/New York Historically, the wood engraving was chiefly used for illustrations in magazines and books. It is similar to th...

• William Henry Harrison.

  in September 1813, Harrison recaptured the city of Detroit, which the British had taken in 1812. The following month he overtook the British and Tecumseh's forces onthe Thames River in Canada. He captured the entire British force. Tecumseh was killed, and his forces were routed. Harrison's triumph on the Thames, although won over inferior forces badly placed, was vitally important because the victory secured the Northwest from the threat of aBritish invasion from Canada. It also added considerab...

• William Henry Harrison

  in September 1813, Harrison recaptured the city of Detroit, which the British had taken in 1812. The following month he overtook the British and Tecumseh's forces onthe Thames River in Canada. He captured the entire British force. Tecumseh was killed, and his forces were routed. Harrison's triumph on the Thames, although won over inferior forces badly placed, was vitally important because the victory secured the Northwest from the threat of aBritish invasion from Canada. It also added considerab...

• English Literature I INTRODUCTION English Literature, literature produced in England, from the introduction of Old English by the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century to the present.

  evident. That feature is typical of other Old English literature, for almost all of what survives was preserved by monastic copyists. Most of it was actually composed byreligious writers after the early conversion of the people from their faith in the older Germanic divinities. Sacred legend and story were reduced to verse in poems resembling Beowulf in form. At first such verse was rendered in the somewhat simple, stark style of the poems of Caedmon, a humble man of the late 7th century who w...

• Côte d'Ivoire - country.

  D Culture Traditional artistic expressions in Côte d’Ivoire include woodcarvings (particularly masks), decorative fabrics, and acrobatic dancing. Urban populations have beengreatly influenced by French culture. The French language is almost universally used in the written literature of Côte d’Ivoire, to the exclusion of the African languages. IV ECONOMY About 60 percent of Côte d’Ivoire’s total labor force is employed in farming and forestry. Government efforts to avoid dependence on a small...

• Österreichischer Film.

  6 DER NACHKRIEGSFILM Am 27. April 1945 bekam Österreich seine Selbständigkeit zurück. Auf die wiedererlangte Freiheit reagierte das österreichische Kino jedoch nicht mit neuen Ideen. In denNachkriegsjahren wurden vor allem Reise- und Heimatfilme produziert, durch die sich die Bewohner der zerbombten Städte an einem Stück heiler Welt erfreuen konnten.Als erster Wien-Film nach dem 2. Weltkrieg wurde 1946 unter der Regie von Geza von Cziffra Glaube an mich gedreht, eine sentimentale Liebesgeschi...

• Cuba - country.

  Only two land mammals, the hutia, or cane rat, and the solenodon, a rare insectivore that resembles a rat, are known to be indigenous. The island has numerous batsand nearly 300 kinds of birds, including vultures, wild turkeys, quail, finches, gulls, macaws, parakeets, and hummingbirds. The bee hummingbird of Cuba is thesmallest bird in the world. Among the few reptiles are tortoises, caimans, the Cuban crocodile, and a species of boa that can attain a length of 3.7 m (12 ft). More than700 speci...

• Egypt - country.

  Egypt has a wide variety of mineral deposits, some of which, such as gold and red granite, have been exploited since ancient times. The chief mineral resource ofcontemporary value is petroleum, found mainly in the Red Sea coastal region, at Al ‘Alamayn (El ‘Alamein) on the Mediterranean, and on the Sinai Peninsula. Otherminerals include phosphates, manganese, iron ore, and uranium. Natural gas is also extracted. D Plants and Animals The vegetation of Egypt is confined largely to the Nile Delta,...

• Wireless Communications.

  were large, heavy units. After the invention of the transistor in 1948, radios shrank in size to small handheld radio transceivers. Public two-way radios with severalfrequency options are widely available as well. Usually limited in range to a few miles, these units are great aids for such mobile professionals as construction workers,film crews, event planners, and security personnel. Simpler two-way radios, called walkie-talkies, have been popular children’s toys for years. Most walkie-talkiesb...

• Ecuador - geographie.

  1944 lief eine Kampagne zur Bekämpfung des Analphabetentums an. Der Alphabetisierungsgrad liegt bei 93,1 Prozent. Der Schulbesuch ist kostenlos und alle Kinder sindfür die Dauer von 10 Jahren schulpflichtig. In vielen ländlichen Gegenden fehlen jedoch Bildungseinrichtungen. 4.1 Bildung und Schulwesen Zu den wichtigsten Hochschulen gehören in Quito die Central University of Ecuador (1769) und die Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador (1946). Daneben gibt es dieUniversität Cuenca (1868) und d...

• Sweden - country.

  mi) and is Sweden’s second largest lake, after Vänern. The two lakes, together with several smaller lakes, rivers, and canals, form an internal water route called theGöta Canal. Built in the early 19th century, the Göta Canal extends for about 386 km (about 240 mi) and provides a scenic transportation link between the Baltic Sea,at Stockholm, and the Kattegat. Sweden’s other large lakes in the district include Mälaren, Hjälmaren, and the famously picturesque Siljan. D Climate Although one-seven...

• Gambling.

  C Lotteries Lotteries are another form of gambling. In a lottery, tickets are sold for a set amount and a share of the proceeds is returned to the winners, usually through a randomdraw. Most games allow players to pick their own numbers or let a computer randomly pick for them. Lotteries offer a wide variety of games, including weekly drawings,instant “scratch” tickets, daily games, and superlottos with prizes increasing until there is a winner. Large lottery prizes sometimes exceed $100 millio...

• Electronics.

  electronic circuits. The resistors are made from carbon mixtures, metal films, or resistance wire and have two connecting wires attached. Variable resistors, with anadjustable sliding contact arm, are often used to control volume on radios and television sets. E Capacitors Capacitors consist of two metal plates that are separated by an insulating material ( see Capacitor). If a battery is connected to both plates, an electric charge will flow for a short time and accumulate on each plate. If th...

• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

  including the sacred style of church music and the so-called galant (courtly) idiom. The elegant though often superficial galant style dominated much instrumental music of the 1760s and 1770s. Mozart’s mastery often demonstrates itself in an ability to expand and deepen the stylistic possibilities of the time. The manner in which heextended the character and form of the concerto, for instance, owes much to his experience in writing operatic arias. A Musical Expressiveness In the masterful Je...

• Mesopotamian Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Mesopotamian Art and Architecture, the arts and buildings of the ancient Middle Eastern civilizations that developed in the area (now Iraq) between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers from prehistory to the 6th century BC.

  arts. III EARLY DYNASTIC PERIOD Figures from Tell AsmarCreated around 2700 bc, these stone figures are from the city of Tell Asmar in what today is Iraq. From the Temple ofAbu, the statuettes stood in watchful prayer with the wide, staring eyes often found in Sumerian sculpture. The figuresare in the Iraq Museum, Baghdād, Iraq.Art Resource, NY The first historical epoch of Sumerian dominance lasted from about 3000 BC until about 2340 BC. While earlier architectural traditions continued, a ne...

• France - country.

  In both the Paris and Aquitaine basins, fertile soils derived from limestone and wind-deposited dust, called loess, have supported prosperous agriculture since ancienttimes. Other lowlands in France are scattered and relatively small. They include the Alsace Plain in the east, bordering Germany, the valley of the Rhône River in thesoutheast, and the Languedoc Plain along the Mediterranean coast. A2 Uplands France contains several regions of uplands, the worn down remains of ancient mountain sys...

• United Kingdom - country.

  B Natural Regions and Topography The island of Great Britain can be divided into two major natural regions—the highland zone and the lowland zone. The highland zone is an area of high hills andmountains in the north and west. The lowland zone in the south and east consists mostly of rolling plains. The zones are divided by an imaginary line running throughEngland from the River Exe on the southwest coast to the mouth of the River Tees on the northeast coast. The lowland zone has a milder climat...

• Sciencefiction (Sprache & Litteratur).

  Elemente des Genres häufig mit gesellschaftskritischen Aspekten. Der Biochemiker Isaac Asimov verfasste neben mehreren populärwissenschaftlichen Werken seit Ende derdreißiger Jahre auch wissenschaftlich äußerst fundierte Sciencefictionromane wie Ich, der Roboter (1950) oder die Trilogie Der Tausendjahresplan (1951). Zu den ersten Sciencefictionautoren, denen es gelang, die vorgegebenen Klischees der Gattung zu durchbrechen und besonders ihre literarischen Qualitäten weiterzuentwickeln, gehör...

• Kuwait (country) - country.

  Oil revenues have allowed Kuwait to build an extensive educational system, yielding a literacy rate of 84 percent. Public school is free and compulsory from the age of 6to 13, and several private schools also teach this age group. Kuwait University (founded in 1966) is also free and offers programs in a wide range of professional andscientific fields at several campuses. Both the extensive library system at Kuwait University and the collection at Kuwait National Museum (1957) were heavily damage...

• Herbert Hoover.

  E Postwar Work Even after the armistice, the Allies continued their blockade around Germany. Hoover, in Europe again, worked to have it relaxed. He was appointed chairman of theAmerican Relief Administration to assist in the economic restoration of Europe, receiving from the U.S. Congress $100 million to fight famine and plague. In this officialrole, and afterward as a private citizen, Hoover oversaw the distribution of 46 million tons of food to people in 30 countries. He controlled shipping,...

• Herbert Hoover

  E Postwar Work Even after the armistice, the Allies continued their blockade around Germany. Hoover, in Europe again, worked to have it relaxed. He was appointed chairman of theAmerican Relief Administration to assist in the economic restoration of Europe, receiving from the U.S. Congress $100 million to fight famine and plague. In this officialrole, and afterward as a private citizen, Hoover oversaw the distribution of 46 million tons of food to people in 30 countries. He controlled shipping,...

• Hong Kong - geography.

  higher than China’s average standard of living. In 2006 Hong Kong’s per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was $27,679.20, although much of the wealth isconcentrated into relatively few hands. IV ECONOMY Hong Kong’s position as one of the world’s most important economic centers is based on several factors. It is located midway between Japan and Singapore, and it liesastride the main shipping and air routes of the western Pacific. It also has long served as a major port of entry and trade for...

• Ice Skating.

  cold climate. Competitors for these events are chosen from the best skaters in each participating country, usually through preliminary national competitions. Speedskaters also compete on a World Cup circuit, which pits the world’s best skaters against one another during the year. A Figure Skating The major types of competitive figure skating are individual men’s and women’s competitions, pairs skating, ice dancing, and precision skating. In individualcompetitions a single skater performs requir...

• Iranian Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Iranian Art and Architecture, the visual arts of Iran.

  The first great development of ancient Persian architecture took place under the Achaemenid dynasty during the Persian Empire, from about 550 to 330 BC. Remains of Achaemenian architecture are numerous, the earliest being ruins at Pasargadae, the capital city of Cyrus the Great. These ruins include two palaces, a sacred precinct, acitadel, a tower, and the tomb of Cyrus. The palaces were set in walled gardens and contained central columnar halls, the largest of which was 37 m (111 ft) in length...

• Japan - country.

  island’s fertile soils support agriculture and provide the vast majority of Japan’s pasturelands. In addition, Hokkaidō contains coal deposits, and the cold currents off itsshores supply cold-water fish. Winters are long and harsh, so most of Hokkaid ō is lightly settled, housing about 5 percent of Japan’s population on approximately 20 percent of its land area. However,its snowy winters and unspoiled natural beauty attract many skiers and tourists. Hokkaid ō is thought of as Japan’s northern fr...

• Horse - biology.

  Horses reach sexual maturity at about one and a half years. The estrous cycle in the mare—a mature female horse—typically lasts 21 days. During the first five days ofthe cycle, the mare is usually receptive to mating. The estrous cycle stops during winter and resumes in the spring, which is the start of the breeding season. Astallion—a mature male horse—approaching a mare in estrus engages in various courtship rituals. These include uttering nickering sounds and sniffing and licking themare’s ge...

• Honduras - country.

  A Principal Cities The capital and largest city of Honduras is Tegucigalpa (2006 estimate, 1,324,000), located in the south-central highlands region. The country’s second largest city isSan Pedro Sula (549,498). The principal city and commercial center in the north, it lies in the heart of the vast banana plantations on the Caribbean Sea. La Ceiba(127,590) and Puerto Cortés (90,161) are among the leading Caribbean ports. B Language and Religion Spanish is the official language and is spoken by...

• Ancient Rome .

  attributed to Numa, including the selection of virgins to be priestesses of the goddess Vesta. He also established a calendar to differentiate between normal workingdays and those festival days sacred to the gods on which no state business was allowed. His peaceful reign lasted from 715 to 673 BC. Under Tullus Hostilius (672–641 BC) the Romans waged an aggressive foreign policy and began to expand their lands by the conquest of nearby cities like Alba Longa. When the warlike King Hostilius co...

• Ancient Rome - USA History.

  attributed to Numa, including the selection of virgins to be priestesses of the goddess Vesta. He also established a calendar to differentiate between normal workingdays and those festival days sacred to the gods on which no state business was allowed. His peaceful reign lasted from 715 to 673 BC. Under Tullus Hostilius (672–641 BC) the Romans waged an aggressive foreign policy and began to expand their lands by the conquest of nearby cities like Alba Longa. When the warlike King Hostilius co...