298 résultats pour "clos"
- TOULOUSE-LAUTREC, Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa, dit (1864-1901) Peintre, lithographe et affichiste, il révèle dans ses nombreuses oeuvres, sa fascination et son attachement pour les marginaux issus des cabarets et des maisons closes qui font écho à sa difformité.
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Desinit de Huis-clos de SARTRE: « Eh bien, continuons. »
incongru de la première scène, qui semblait n'être là que pour signifier l'absence de sens, a pris désormais la valeurd'un repère : « [...] je le contemple et je comprends que je suis en enfer. » Naguère symbole du hasard absurde quiavait précipité et rassemblé le trio en enfer, l'objet est devenu le signe d'une nécessité où tout est régi, êtres etchoses : «Ils avaient prévu que je me tiendrais devant cette cheminée, pressant ma main sur ce bronze [..A cette notable exception près, l'enfer reste...
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Huis-Clos de Sartre: Acte I, scène 1 (scène d'exposition)
a de certains moments où je regarderai de tous mes yeux. De tous mes yeux, hein? » Peut-être parcequ'innommable encore, l'objet d'une telle acuité est passé sous silence et sa révélation ultérieure semble déjà pesercomme une menace. Il y a des accrocs dans le discours de Garcin qui ressemblent à des trous de mémoirevolontaires.Ce personnage, qui à plusieurs reprises prétend «n'ignorer rien de sa situation», n'est en fait qu'un ingénudéconcerté par un état auquel, il est...
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2953
Dernière réunion du Conseil Blanc.
Août Toute trace de Gollum est perdue. On pense que traqué à la fois par les Elfes et par les serviteurs de Sauron, il s’est réfugié dans la Moria, mais qu’ayant enfin trouvé le che min qui mène à la Porte d’Occident, il n’est pas cependant parvenu à sortir. Septembre 18 Gandalf s’échappe d’Orthanc au petit jour. Les Noirs Cavaliers franchissent les Gués de l’Isen. 19 Gandalf se présente à Edoras sous les traits d’un men diant et on refuse de le laisser entrer....
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Soi et les autres·
Huis clos soulève le problème fondamental du rapport
de l'individu à autrui. La question commande non...
Soi et les autres· Huis clos soulève le problème fondamental du rapport de l'individu à autrui. La question commande non seule ment le sens, mais la structure de la pièce. Pour bien la saisir. il convient toutefois de rappeler quelques notions essentielles de la philosophie sartrienne, indispensables à la compréhension du texte. L'idée que Sartre se fait de la condition humaine est en effet inséparable de la conception de I' «enfer» que la pièce véhicule. LA CONDITION HUMAINE SELON SARTRE Qu'e...
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Personality Disorders.
People with histrionic personality disorder constantly strive to be the center of attention. They may act overly flirtatious or dress in ways that draw attention. They may also talk in a dramatic or theatrical style and display exaggerated emotional reactions. F Narcissistic Personality Disorder People with narcissistic personality disorder have a grandiose sense of self-importance. They seek excessive admiration from others and fantasize about unlimited success or power. They believe they...
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Coral - biology.
Soft corals lack a distinct skeleton. Although they live in colonies, the individual polyps are fused into a complex body, usually strengthened by small lumps or spikesknown as sclerites, which are made of protein and calcite. Soft corals come in a variety of shapes, including undulating sheets, upright mushroomlike shapes, andbeautiful shapes that form branches. A number of other octocorals have skeletons made from a hard or horny protein, sometimes strengthened with more brittle calcareous dep...
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Molecule - chemistry.
attracted to the negatively charged electrons between them. The electrons belong to the molecule as a whole. However, each hydrogen atom now has a complete outershell of two electrons. The formula H 2 describes a hydrogen molecule, a discrete unit. When a molecule contains just two atoms, such as the hydrogen molecule does, it is called a diatomic molecule. Some atoms can form covalent bonds with more than one other atom and thus create a larger molecule. Atoms form molecules with covalent bo...
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Cheetah - biology.
animals such as zebras. Unlike most cats, cheetahs hunt during the day, when lions and hyenas that compete with them for prey are less likely to be active. Still,scientists in Tanzania have observed that cheetahs lose 10 to 13 percent of their kills to lions and hyenas. Alerted by the panic of a gazelle herd or by the circling ofvultures, lions and hyenas close in and easily drive the more timid cheetah away from a fresh kill. A cheetah usually stalks prey to within about 10 m (about 33 ft) and...
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Astronomy - astronomy.
Telescopes may use either lenses or mirrors to gather visible light, permitting direct observation or photographic recording of distant objects. Those that use lenses arecalled refracting telescopes, since they use the property of refraction, or bending, of light ( see Optics: Reflection and Refraction ). The largest refracting telescope is the 40-in (1-m) telescope at the Yerkes Observatory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, founded in the late 19th century. Lenses bend different colors of light by d...
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Snake (reptile).
in their heads that conduct sound. They are able to hear low-frequency sounds and to sense vibrations that travel through the ground or water. The majority of snakeshave good eyesight, especially for detecting moving objects, although most burrowing snakes can only distinguish between light and dark. Pit vipers, boas, and pythons have an unusual adaptation for detecting warm-blooded prey and predators. On the heads of these snakes are small pits lined with cellsthat are extremely sensitive to he...
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Turtle.
Turtles use their jaws to cut and handle food. Instead of teeth, a turtle’s upper and lower jaws are covered by horny ridges, similar to a bird’s beak. Meat-eating turtlescommonly have knife-sharp ridges for slicing through their prey. Plant-eating turtles often have ridges with serrated edges that help them cut through tough plants.Turtles use their tongues in swallowing food, but unlike many other reptiles, such as chameleons, they cannot stick out their tongues to capture food. C Limb Structu...
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Turtle - biology.
Turtles use their jaws to cut and handle food. Instead of teeth, a turtle’s upper and lower jaws are covered by horny ridges, similar to a bird’s beak. Meat-eating turtlescommonly have knife-sharp ridges for slicing through their prey. Plant-eating turtles often have ridges with serrated edges that help them cut through tough plants.Turtles use their tongues in swallowing food, but unlike many other reptiles, such as chameleons, they cannot stick out their tongues to capture food. C Limb Structu...
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Gravitation
I
INTRODUCTION
Gravitation, the force of attraction between all objects that tends to pull them toward one another.
precise observations possible, and Galileo was one of the first to use a telescope to study astronomy. In 1609 Galileo observed that moons orbited the planet Jupiter, afact that could not reasonably fit into an earth-centered model of the heavens. The new heliocentric theory changed scientists' views about the earth's place in the universe and opened the way for new ideas about the forces behind planetarymotion. However, it was not until the late 17th century that Isaac Newton developed a theory...
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Gravitation - astronomy.
precise observations possible, and Galileo was one of the first to use a telescope to study astronomy. In 1609 Galileo observed that moons orbited the planet Jupiter, afact that could not reasonably fit into an earth-centered model of the heavens. The new heliocentric theory changed scientists' views about the earth's place in the universe and opened the way for new ideas about the forces behind planetarymotion. However, it was not until the late 17th century that Isaac Newton developed a theory...
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Tiger - biology.
have a simple digestive system designed to process meat so that the nutrients can be readily absorbed into the bloodstream. With the exception of white tigers, which have blue eyes, all tigers have yellow eyes. Tigers mainly use vision to find prey. Although tigers see about as well as humansduring the day, their large eye openings gather more light than do human eyes, making tiger night vision far superior to that of humans. In addition, a special structurein the tiger’s eye, called the tapetu...
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Learning.
B1 Acquisition The acquisition phase is the initial learning of the conditioned response—for example, the dog learning to salivate at the sound of the bell. Several factors can affect the speed of conditioning during the acquisition phase. The most important factors are the order and timing of the stimuli. Conditioning occurs most quickly when theconditioned stimulus (the bell) precedes the unconditioned stimulus (the food) by about half a second. Conditioning takes longer and the response is...
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Radar.
gathers the weak returning radar signals and converts them into an electric current. Because a radar antenna may both transmit and receive signals, the duplexerdetermines whether the antenna is connected to the receiver or the transmitter. The receiver determines whether the signal should be reported and often does furtheranalysis before sending the results to the display. The display conveys the results to the human operator through a visual display or an audible signal. B1 The Antenna The rec...
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Saudi Arabia - country.
C Natural Resources Some of the world’s largest oil and natural gas fields lie beneath Saudi Arabia and its offshore waters, representing the country’s most economically important naturalresource. In 2007 Saudi Arabia’s oil reserves were estimated at 264 billion barrels. Before the discovery and exploitation of these reserves in the mid-20th century,Saudi Arabia was one of the poorest countries in the world. Its relatively small population subsisted in a harsh environment with little agricultur...
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Franklin D.
Roosevelt entrusted his campaign management to the journalist Louis McHenry Howe. Howe, a genius at politics, performed brilliantly. Henceforth, Roosevelt and Howewere to be almost inseparable, and Howe, a wizened and colorful little man, guided the political fortunes of the Hyde Park aristocrat. B Assistant Secretary of the Navy Even before his reelection to the New York legislature, Roosevelt had entered the national political arena by taking part in the campaign of Governor Woodrow Wilson of...
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Franklin D.
Roosevelt entrusted his campaign management to the journalist Louis McHenry Howe. Howe, a genius at politics, performed brilliantly. Henceforth, Roosevelt and Howewere to be almost inseparable, and Howe, a wizened and colorful little man, guided the political fortunes of the Hyde Park aristocrat. B Assistant Secretary of the Navy Even before his reelection to the New York legislature, Roosevelt had entered the national political arena by taking part in the campaign of Governor Woodrow Wilson of...
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L'enfer c'est les Autres: Vrai ou faux?
« L'enfer, c'est les Autres. » Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980), Huis c/0s18 Ce verdict, qui clôt la pièce de Sartre, semble confirmer l'un de nos pressentiments : tout serait tellement plus simple si les « autres » n'interféraient dans nos désirs, ligués, semble-t-il, pour nous rendre l'existence infernale. Faut-il en conclure que ce sont eux les responsables de nos malheurs ? La philosophie sartrienne affirme exactement l'inverse : rien ne nous permet d'accuser autrui de ce que nous vivons, car...
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Africa.
The highest elevations in Africa are found in the various ranges of East Africa. After Kilimanjaro, the next highest peaks are Mount Kenya (5,199 m/17,057 ft), north ofKilimanjaro in central Kenya; Margherita Peak (5,109 m/ 16,762 ft) in the Ruwenzori Range on the border between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC); Ras Dashen (4,620 m/ 15,157 ft) in the Ethiopian Highlands of northern Ethiopia; Mount Meru (4,565 m/ 14,977 ft), close to Kilimanjaro in Tanzania; and MountElgon (4,...
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Africa - Geography.
The highest elevations in Africa are found in the various ranges of East Africa. After Kilimanjaro, the next highest peaks are Mount Kenya (5,199 m/17,057 ft), north ofKilimanjaro in central Kenya; Margherita Peak (5,109 m/ 16,762 ft) in the Ruwenzori Range on the border between Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC); Ras Dashen (4,620 m/ 15,157 ft) in the Ethiopian Highlands of northern Ethiopia; Mount Meru (4,565 m/ 14,977 ft), close to Kilimanjaro in Tanzania; and MountElgon (4,...
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Federal Republic of Germany - country.
B Rivers and Lakes Rivers have played a major role in Germany’s economic development. The Rhine River flows in a northwesterly direction from Switzerland through much of westernGermany and The Netherlands into the North Sea. It is a major European waterway and a pillar of commerce and trade. Its primary German tributaries include theMain, Mosel, Neckar, and Ruhr rivers. The Oder (Odra) River, along the border between Poland and Germany, runs northward and empties into the Baltic; it provides an...
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Butterflies and Moths - biology.
The smallest butterflies are certain blues that have wingspans of a mere 0.7 cm (0.25 in). The largest are the female giant birdwings of Papua New Guinea, whichmeasure up to 30 cm (12 in) across. Moths range in size from tiny Microlepidoptera, several groups of small moths with wings no more than 0.16 cm (0.06 in) across, togiant silk moths, such as the atlas moth, which may exceed 30 cm (12 in) in wingspan. IV REPRODUCTION AND LIFE CYCLE Butterflies locate potential mates by sight, identifyin...
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Hugo Chávez.
VII 2006 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION AND AFTER Chávez easily won reelection in the 2006 presidential contest. Although opposition parties had boycotted legislative elections in 2005, they returned to the electoralprocess in 2006. Nevertheless, Chávez won handily with about 63 percent of the vote as most Venezuelans appeared to approve of the way the country’s oil wealth wasbeing distributed. Following the election, Chávez asked the National Assembly for the power to rule by decree for a period of 18...
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Heart.
situation. A Cardiac Cycle Although the right and left halves of the heart are separate, they both contract in unison, producing a single heartbeat. The sequence of events from the beginning ofone heartbeat to the beginning of the next is called the cardiac cycle. The cardiac cycle has two phases: diastole, when the heart’s chambers are relaxed, and systole,when the chambers contract to move blood. During the systolic phase, the atria contract first, followed by contraction of the ventricles. T...
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I
Au retour, dans l'encombrement des voitures qui rentraient par le bord du lac, la calèche dut marcher au pas.
mondaines envoiture découverte, menaçaitdeseterminer parune soirée d’unefraîcheur aiguë. Un moment, lajeune femme restapelotonnée, retrouvantlachaleur deson coin, s’abandonnant aubercement voluptueux de toutes cesroues quitournaient devantelle.Puis, levant latête vers Maxime, dontlesregards déshabillaient tranquillement lesfemmes étaléesdanslescoupés etdans leslandaus voisins : – Vrai, demanda-t-elle, est-cequetulatrouves jolie,cette Laure d’Aurigny ? Vousenfaisiez unéloge, l’autre jour,lorsqu’o...
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Eye.
I
INTRODUCTION
Eye, light-sensitive organ of vision in animals. The eyes of
Several structures, not parts of the eyeball, contribute to the protection of the eye. The most important of these are the eyelids, two folds of skin and tissue, upper andlower, that can be closed by means of muscles to form a protective covering over the eyeball against excessive light and mechanical injury. The eyelashes, a fringe ofshort hairs growing on the edge of either eyelid, act as a screen to keep dust particles and insects out of the eyes when the eyelids are partly closed. Inside the...
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Saturn - astronomy.
measurements of the magnetic field made by the Voyager space probes in the 1980s. Additional Cassini findings reported in March 2007 suggested that particles originating from geysers on the moon Enceladus may provide a partial explanation for thechange. The neutral gas particles become electrically charged and are captured by Saturn’s magnetic field, forming a disk of hot, ionized gas around the planet’sequator. The charged particles interact with the magnetic field and slow down the rotation of...
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Electoral College.
III HISTORY OF THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE A Origins One thing is clear about the political theory underpinning the electoral college: The framers of the Constitution could not agree on one. From the outset, the framerswere uncertain about how the president should be chosen. Meeting in the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1787, the framers originally decidedto have Congress choose the president, and that there should be no popular vote to elect the president. Then the Con...
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Electricity
I
INTRODUCTION
Electricity, one of the basic forms of energy.
electrons in the neutral object are attracted to the positive object. Some of these electrons flow to the side of the neutral object that is nearest to the positive object.This side of the neutral object accumulates electrons and becomes negatively charged. Because electrons leave the far side of the neutral object while its protonsremain stationary, that side becomes positively charged. Since the negatively charged side of the neutral object is closest to the positive object, the attraction bet...
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Star (astronomy) - astronomy.
absorbing the missing colors of light. For example, the set of dark lines made by hydrogen includes a dark red line, the set of dark lines made by sodium includes a pairof dark yellow lines, and the set of dark lines made by iron includes lines of nearly every color. Each element in the gaseous outer layer of a star produces its ownparticular pattern of dark spectrum lines, depending on the temperature and pressure of the gas. Astronomers have observed spectrum lines, or spectra, for hundredsof...
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Iraq - country.
The Euphrates begins in Turkey, crosses Syria, and enters Iraq at Abū Kam āl. The flow of the Euphrates into Iraq has been greatly reduced by dams built by Turkeyand Syria. The gradient of the Euphrates above the town of H īt, in west central Iraq, is steep. In the 2,640 km (1,640 mi) from its source in Turkey to H īt, the river fallsfrom 3,000 m (10,000 ft) to a low water elevation of 50 m (170 ft) above sea level, an average drop of 1 m per km (6 ft per mi). In Iraq below H īt the fall is very...
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Brazil - country.
occasional droughts. Brazil contains a wealth of mineral and plant resources that have not yet been fully explored. It possesses some of the world’s largest deposits of iron ore and containsrich deposits of many other minerals, including gold and copper. Brazil’s fossil fuel resources are modest, but this limitation is offset by the considerable hydroelectricpotential of the nation’s many rivers. Although Brazil is an important producer of tropical crops, areas of highly fertile land are limited...
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Le jeu du miroir
et du regard
Le miroir occupe une place essentielle dans Huis clos.
Voilà qui peut de...
Le jeu du miroir et du regard Le miroir occupe une place essentielle dans Huis clos. Voilà qui peut de prime abord étonner puisque la chambre dans laquelle sont enfermés les trois damnés ne comporte précisément aucun miroir. À quoi d'ailleurs leur servirait-il? Par définition, les objets de la vie courante n'ont plus lieu d'être, en enfer. Les personnages de la pièce parlent pourtant constam ment des miroirs, comme s'ils étaient obsédés par la né cessité de se regarder dans une glace. Ce miroi...
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TPE : L'évolution des paysages de Compiègne de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale à aujourd'hui
Compiègne est confrontée à la crise du logement à cause de la forte croissance démographique des années 50, ce qui aggrave les problèmes de reconstruction.Une fois l'achèvement complet de l'Eglise Saint-Paul-Des-Sablons par la construction des bâtiments de la Glacière avec ses murs en pierres, ses toits en ardoises, sesgrandes baies vitrées, ainsi que d'un centre commercial, tous ornés de bas et hauts reliefs, est bâti un nouveau quartier, appelé La Victoire en 1960. Entre 1954 et1959, 397 logem...
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Francis Ponge, « L'huître », Le Parti pris des choses
« grosseur » « grossier » et en [fr] « franc ». Ces sons accentuent le caractère ingrat de l’action, de plus l’accent circonflexe de « blanchâtre » reprend celui de l’huîtreet évoque la coquille par « âtre », qui en grec donne « ostracon » et signifie coquille. b) Structure intérieure L’ouverture de l’huître est indiquée par « à l’intérieur » au début du 2e paragraphe, on y rencontre un univers clos et total « tout un monde ». C’est également un objetlibérateur de sensation gustative « à boire e...
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Peut-on croire au Diable ?
l'agir de l'homme sinon la liberté.L'enfer pour Sartre comme il l'écrit dans la pièce de théâtre Huis clos : « Pas de besoin de gril, l'enfer c'est les autres ». Plus précisément, l'enfer consiste à être vu par les autres, car comme il l'exposait déjà dans L'être et le néant , la relation à autrui se constitue d'une opposition originelle. Plus encore, comme il le montre dans la pièce l'enfer est un lieu angoissant, puisque les protagonistes de Huis Clos attendent d'être torturés. Mais l'enf...
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La Terre est, à notre connaissance, la seule planète à abriter la vie.
Les corrélats abiotique (milieu) atmosphère atmosphère - Composition de l'atmosphère terrestre hydrosphère Lamarck (Jean-Baptiste de Monet, chevalier de) lithosphère Les livres biosphère - impalas dans la savane (Kenya), page 656, volume 2 biosphère - vue aérienne à basse altitude de la forêt amazonienne, qui couvre quelque 6 millions de km2, page 656, volume 2 La composition de la biosphère La biosphère est en majeure partie constituée d'eau. On y rencontre, comme dans les organis...
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Vocabulaire:
COIN2, substantif masculin.
? Mettre un enfant au coin. L'obliger ? se tenir debout dans l'angle d'une pi?ce, ou par extension face ? un mur, en signe de punition. ? Acculer quelqu'un dans son coin (figur?). L'exasp?rer jusqu'? ses derni?res limites. Les hommes (...) s'amusaient de la col?re qui l'?touffait, l'acculait dans son coin et le submergeait sous des spectres embusqu?s (HENRI BARBUSSE, Le Feu, 1916, page 136 ). ? Par analogie. ? Aux quatre coins de. Dans tous les lieux possibles d'un espace consid?r?...
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Nicklaus-Watson Match.
until 1977, primarily because golf officials felt that there weren't enough hotel rooms in the area to attract and accommodate the crowds. But officials finally relented,deciding that the majestic course deserved to stage golf's most noble tournament. The sun shone brightly over this scene for the July event. Nicklaus and Watson were both on the leader board after the first two rounds with identical scores of 68-70-138. Their dramatic play began in the third round, on Friday. Nicklaus jumped...
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Le temps
et l'éternité
Sur le plan technique, l'écriture de Huis clos posait à
Sartre une redoutable difficulté: comment suggérer...
Le temps et l'éternité Sur le plan technique, l'écriture de Huis clos posait à Sartre une redoutable difficulté: comment suggérer l'éter nité? Par définition, il n'y a ni passé ni présent ni futur. Avec les dates et les horloges, la chronologie est une in vention humaine. L'éternité est, quant à elle, une donnée insaisissable et même inconcevable. Sartre réussit pour tant la prouesse d'en rendre l'impression. Il y parvient par deux moyens: par l'effacement progres sif du temps humain et par...
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Rôle
et signification
des émotions
Les relations avec autrui constituent le sujet même de
Huis clos (voir ci-dessus, p. 31)....
Rôle et signification des émotions Les relations avec autrui constituent le sujet même de Huis clos (voir ci-dessus, p. 31). Dans ces relations, le lan gage joue un rôle primordial. mais non unique. Intervient également une autre forme de langage que l'on appelle paraverbal et qui réside dans la manifestation des émotions. Pleurer, frapper, s'attendrir sont aussi des façons de s'expri mer et d'entretenir avec autrui un certain type de relations. Or, dans l'un de ses traités philosophiques, E...
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Rhinoceros - biology.
Male and female rhinos have a similar physical appearance, although male rhinos are usually larger than females, with the size difference varying between species. Inthe wild, some rhinos probably live into their late 40s, and they have survived into their 30s in captivity. IV TYPES OF RHINOCEROSES Until recently, mammalogists divided the rhinoceros family into three subfamilies, each with different characteristics. Scientists now believe that living rhinos belong to asingle subfamily, although...
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Relativity
I
INTRODUCTION
Albert Einstein
In 1905 German-born American physicist Albert Einstein published his first paper outlining the theory of relativity.
in calculating very large distances or very large aggregations of matter. As the quantum theory applies to the very small, so the relativity theory applies to the verylarge. Until 1887 no flaw had appeared in the rapidly developing body of classical physics. In that year, the Michelson-Morley experiment, named after the American physicistAlbert Michelson and the American chemist Edward Williams Morley, was performed. It was an attempt to determine the rate of the motion of the earth through t...
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Antelope - biology.
antelopes still display complex patterns of behavior, although much of it is instinctive rather than learned. In open habitats, antelopes run a high risk of predation (being preyed upon). To survive they use several kinds of defensive strategy, including living in herds. Herd living ensures that many pairs of eyes and ears are on the alert for danger. Herd living also gives individuals a better chance of avoiding attack, because predators canchoose from many potential targets. When danger thre...
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Mesoamerica.
for cooking. In other regions, the earliest ceramics are more sophisticated technically and aesthetically. At around 1800 BC in the Pacific coastal region of Soconusco (in what is now southeastern Chiapas State, Mexico), the earliest pottery was very complex both in forms and decoration. It seems to have had a social function and beenused primarily for ritual feasting. III MAJOR CIVILIZATIONS Over a period of 3000 years, beginning in about 1500 BC, a number of important cultures emerged in M...
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Poetry
I
INTRODUCTION
Phyllis McGinley
American poet and author Phyllis McGinley composed light, witty verse, much of which deals with family life.
repetition of certain lines and the rhyming of certain lines. The Provençal sestina features a set of six words that end lines (end-words), repeated in a dizzyingly complexpattern. The range of effects created by the poetic line varies tremendously depending on its length, its patterns of repetition, and whether the sentence stops at the end of theline (end-stopped) or carries over the end of the line (enjambed). Many of the earliest examples of Old English poetry feature an accentual line with...