342 résultats pour "museum"
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Berlin - geographie.
Das wieder zugängliche Brandenburger Tor (1788-1791), das den Propyläen auf der Akropolis in Athen nachempfunden ist, wird von einer Quadriga mit der Siegesgöttingekrönt. Es ist der westliche Endpunkt der Straße Unter den Linden, die sich bis zur Museumsinsel in der Spree zieht. Bis Dezember 1989 verlief hier die Grenze zwischenOst- und Westberlin. In diesem Bereich liegen die Deutsche Staatsoper, die 1743 im Rokokostil erbaut wurde, die Staatsbibliothek (1774-1780), die 1997 in einem Gebäudevon...
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Lima (Peru) - geography.
home to a wide range of museums, many focusing on Peru’s indigenous heritage. These include the National Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology, the GoldMuseum of Peru, the Museum of the Central Reserve Bank, and the Rafael Larco Herrera Museum, which specializes in pre-Hispanic ceramics. Art and history museumsare also found in metropolitan Lima, including the National Museum of the Republic, the Museum of Peruvian Culture, and the Museum of the Inquisition, in the buildingwhere colonial Cathol...
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Mexico City - geography.
Chapultepec Park also contains several museums. The most important is the National Museum of Anthropology. Other museums include Mexico's Museum of Modern Art andthe Museum of Natural History. (These museums are described below in the section Education and Culture .) Mexico City's major north-south artery is the Avenida Insurgentes, which stretches 30 km (21 mi). It crosses the Paseo de la Reforma just north of the tourist area knownas the Zona Rosa (Spanish for “Pink Zone”). Within this nei...
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Sydney (Australia) - geography.
blocks in the eastern suburbs and around railway stations elsewhere; and homes on large lots in the outer suburbs, especially those to the northwest. For publichousing, the state government built a number of high-rise apartment blocks in run-down inner suburbs after World War II (1939-1945). These housing projects weresoon deemed unsuccessful and were discontinued because they fostered crime and other social problems. More recently, public housing has taken the form of separateor semidetached ho...
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São Paulo (city) - geography.
universities include the State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (1976), and the even larger University of São Paulo (1934), which incorporates the city’s famousand influential Faculty of Law. Important private universities are Mackenzie University, originally founded by Presbyterian missionaries from the United States (1870);the Paulista University (1972); the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (1946); and the University São Judas Tadeu (1971). The city is home to the São Pau...
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Berlin - geography.
boroughs of Wedding and Tiergarten. Other important central areas include Kreuzberg and Friedrichshain, now united as the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough, andPrenzlauer Berg, now incorporated as a part of the Pankow borough. Tiergarten contains a large wooded park, a zoo, and a variety of public monuments as well as the large, modern Congress Hall and the Reichstag building, which wasbuilt from 1884 to 1894. The Reichstag and the surrounding area have undergone renovation to accommodate the Bun...
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Tokyo - geography.
The port of Tokyo has expanded tremendously in recent years and is now the second largest in Japan (after Yokohama) in value of trade. In 1993 it accounted forapproximately 14 percent of all trade by Japan’s ports. Reasons for the port’s growth include the deepening of sea lanes in Tokyo Bay, large reclamation projects tocreate room for new facilities and container terminals, and improvements to storage and distribution facilities. The largest categories of exports from the port of Tokyoare mach...
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Pablo Picasso.
Color juxtapositions—between blue and orange, for instance—are intentionally strident and unharmonious. The representation of space is fragmented and discontinuous. While the left side of the canvas is largely Iberian-influenced, the right side is inspired by African masks, especially in its striped patterns and oval forms. Suchborrowings, which led to great simplification, distortion, and visual incongruities, were considered extremely daring in 1907. The head of the figure at the bottom right,...
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Miami (Florida) - geography.
VI EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS Colleges and universities in the area include the University of Miami, Florida International University, Barry University, St. Thomas University, and Florida MemorialCollege. Miami-Dade Community College, one of the nation’s largest two-year colleges, has six campuses in the region. Leading museums include the Historical Museumof Southern Florida, the Miami Museum of Science, the Miami Art Museum, the Lowe Art Museum on the campus of the University of M...
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Detroit - geography.
of German and Irish immigrants. In the first half of the 20th century, the percentage of foreign-born residents declined, even though many immigrants arrived fromeastern Europe. During World War II (1939-1945), both whites and blacks were attracted from the South to work in the city’s defense industries. In 1950 foreign-bornand black residents each made up about 16 percent of the total population. In the five decades after 1950, the city lost almost half of its population, as many white resident...
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Le musée a souvent été comparé aux cathédrales médiévales, sur les chapiteaux et les
tympans desquelles chacun pouvait déchiffrer le sens de son existence.
méritait d'être conservé. La Convention divisa le savoir en trois vastes champs : sciences naturelles, sciences et techniques, arts. Toutefois, les objets précieux recueillirent les soins les plus attentifs. La civilisation occidentale s'attachait à sauvegarder son passé, qu'elle voyait avant tout en Égypte et dans le monde gréco-romain. Au British Museum, ces civilisations ont longtemps formé un seul département. Comme en témoigne l'organisation des collections en 1860 (art grec et romain,...
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Houston - geography.
Prominent historical and cultural institutions include the Civic Center Complex, located in the central business district. The complex is composed of the George R. BrownConvention Center; the Wortham Center, which is the home of the Houston Grand Opera and the Houston Ballet; and the Jesse H. Jones Hall for Performing Arts, whichis the home of the Houston Symphony. The nearby Alley Theatre houses a professional repertory acting company. Among other local professional performance groupsare the Ma...
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Uruguay (country) - country.
Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the constitution of Uruguay. Three-quarters of the people belong to the Roman Catholic Church. There are also sizable Protestantand Jewish congregations. The official language is Spanish, which in Uruguay has been influenced by Italian vocabulary and pronunciation. C Education Uruguay has one of the highest rates of literacy in Latin America, at 98.2 percent of the adult population. Six years of primary education is compulsory, and Uruguay isone of the few n...
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Jakarta - geography.
voluntary movement of families to Indonesia's less populated islands). Jakarta is a magnet for migrants from other areas of Indonesia; during the late 1980s an estimated 250 migrants arrived daily. Most were between the ages of 15 and39 years, many with six years of education or less. There is also a significant number of commuters and seasonal migrants who work in government, manufacturing,and services. In addition, many of these temporary residents are engaged in informal employment as drivers...
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New York (ville)
1
PRÉSENTATION
New York (ville), en anglais New York City, ville du sud-est de l'État de New York, située dans le nord-est des États-Unis, à l'embouchure de l'Hudson, sur l'océan
Atlantique.
Les différents districts de New York sont reliés entre eux par de nombreux ponts et tunnels : Brooklyn Bridge, Manhattan Bridge, Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel entre Manhattanet Brooklyn ; Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, l’un des plus longs ponts suspendus du monde, entre Brooklyn et Staten Island ; Queensboro Bridge entre Manhattan et leQueens ; Triborough Bridge entre Manhattan, le Queens et le Bronx ; enfin, le George Washington Bridge, les tunnels Holland et Lincoln, et la voie Port Authority Trans-Hudso...
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Londres.
édifices de Londres : le palais de Westminster, siège du Parlement britannique, avec sa célèbre tour de l'Horloge (98 m de haut) et son carillon (Big Ben) ; Whitehall (siègedu gouvernement) ; l'abbaye de Westminster ( XIIIe-XVe siècles) ; Buckingham Palace, résidence officielle de la famille royale ; les Law Courts (palais de justice), la National Gallery et la Tate Britain. C'est là aussi que s'étend Hyde Park, le plus grand espace vert de Londres, qui mène à l'ouest vers les quartiers de Knigh...
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Atlanta - geography.
Prominent cultural and historical institutions in the city include the High Museum of Art (1983), designed by the noted postmodern American architect Richard Meier; theAtlanta Symphony; the Atlanta History Center, which maintains a history museum, historic houses and gardens, and extensive library and archives; NexusContemporary Art Center; the Robert W. Woodruff Arts Center; the Apex Museum; the Michael C. Carlos Museum at Emory University; the Clark Atlanta University ArtGallery; Fernbank Scie...
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Rome (Italy) - geography.
country’s best, and in the summer at the Baths of Caracalla. The city also has some 20 theaters and 6 major concert halls, which offer a varied repertory during the fall,winter, and spring. The museums of the city deal with all aspects of the arts and sciences and are among the world’s finest. The oldest art collection in Rome, housed in the CapitolineMuseum, was established in 1471 and contains exceptional antiquities. Among other Roman museums are the National Museum of the Villa Giulia, which...
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Pittsburgh - geography.
College of Allegheny County (1966), with branches in the city and suburbs. Pittsburgh has many outstanding cultural institutions. The Oakland district is where Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh are located. The CarnegieMuseums of Pittsburgh include The Carnegie Museum of Art (including the Scaife Galleries), which holds a distinguished motion-picture and video collection and a uniquestudy of architecture; the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, which displays an extensi...
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Honolulu - geography.
of Brigham Young University. The state’s largest museum, the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, is located in Honolulu. It contains a large collection of Polynesian archaeological artifacts, as well asmany exhibits on Hawaiian history and culture. The museum also has an extensive entomological collection with more than 13 million specimens. Other importantmuseums include the Honolulu Academy of Arts, known for its extensive collection of Japanese, Chinese, and Korean art; the Contemporary Museum, wit...
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Griechische Kunst und Architektur - Geschichte.
3.2 Architektur Etwa ins 7. Jahrhundert v. Chr. fallen die Anfänge einer monumentalen Tempelarchitektur in Stein. Dafür benutzte man in den griechischen Kolonien in Italien und Sizilienmeist Kalkstein, auf den griechischen Inseln war Marmor der bevorzugte Baustoff. Auf dem griechischen Festland und in Kleinasien wurde häufig ein Kern aus Kalkstein miteinem Marmormantel umgeben. Der archaische Tempel war schmal und lang gestreckt und meistens nach Osten orientiert. Im Inneren, der Cella, war d...
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Griechenland - Geschichte.
In den Bergregionen gibt es noch die Großraubtiere Braunbär, Wolf, Luchs und Goldschakal, andere bemerkenswerte Raubtiere sind Wildkatze, Fischotter und der imNordosten des Landes vorkommende Tigeriltis; im Mittelmeer lebt die stark gefährdete Mönchsrobbe. Auf den griechischen Inseln (und ausgesetzt auf dem Festland) lebendie den Steinböcken ähnlichen Bezoarziegen; weitere Paarhufer sind Gämsen, Rothirsche, Rehe und Wildschweine. Zur reichen Avifauna (Vogelwelt) gehören u. a. vier Geierarten (Ba...
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Griechenland - geographie.
In den Bergregionen gibt es noch die Großraubtiere Braunbär, Wolf, Luchs und Goldschakal, andere bemerkenswerte Raubtiere sind Wildkatze, Fischotter und der imNordosten des Landes vorkommende Tigeriltis; im Mittelmeer lebt die stark gefährdete Mönchsrobbe. Auf den griechischen Inseln (und ausgesetzt auf dem Festland) lebendie den Steinböcken ähnlichen Bezoarziegen; weitere Paarhufer sind Gämsen, Rothirsche, Rehe und Wildschweine. Zur reichen Avifauna (Vogelwelt) gehören u. a. vier Geierarten (Ba...
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paléochrétien, art - peinture.
La grande tradition de la mosaïque paléochrétienne débute au IVe siècle. Dans les basiliques, de longues séquences extraites de l’Ancien Testament ou représentant des processions de saints, ornaient les murs de la nef dans l’espace situé au-dessus des arcs. Le grand arc qui sépare la nef du sanctuaire — l’arc triomphal — était habituellement couvert de mosaïques, et le demi-dôme de l’abside était réservé à la représentation du Christ, de la Vierge ou de saints auxquels étaient dédiées les égli...
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paléochrétien, art - sculpture.
La grande tradition de la mosaïque paléochrétienne débute au IVe siècle. Dans les basiliques, de longues séquences extraites de l’Ancien Testament ou représentant des processions de saints, ornaient les murs de la nef dans l’espace situé au-dessus des arcs. Le grand arc qui sépare la nef du sanctuaire — l’arc triomphal — était habituellement couvert de mosaïques, et le demi-dôme de l’abside était réservé à la représentation du Christ, de la Vierge ou de saints auxquels étaient dédiées les égli...
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Beijing - geography.
other polluting materials contributes to the city’s severe air and water pollution. V EDUCATION AND CULTURE Beijing has more colleges and universities than any other Chinese city. The most prominent institutions are Peking University, founded in 1898; and Tsinghua University,founded in 1911, which is the most prestigious scientific and technical institution in the country. Both institutions are located in the northwest suburbs, an areaassociated with higher education and research. Also in this...
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Polen - geographie.
Etwa 98 Prozent der Bevölkerung sind Polen. Die größten ethnischen Minderheiten sind Ukrainer und Weißrussen, zu den kleineren Gruppen gehören u. a. Slowaken,Tschechen, Litauer, Deutsche, Roma und Juden. Die Verstädterung hat seit dem Ende des 2. Weltkrieges zugenommen; mittlerweile leben 62 Prozent der Bevölkerung in Städten (2005). Obwohl die Bevölkerungvergleichsweise jung ist, nimmt das Durchschnittsalter ständig zu. Seit dem Ende der massiven Bevölkerungsverschiebungen in den ersten Jahren...
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Algeria - country.
areas to fishing. National parks, including the giant Tassili N’Ajjer National Park in the eastern corner of the country, comprise a large proportion of the protected area. The effects of Algeria’s human population on the fragile landscape have been severe. The greatest ecological threats are deforestation and burning of scrub vegetation,conversion of steppe habitat to arable land, and soil erosion due to overgrazing and poor farming practices. Pollution of Mediterranean coastal waters is pervas...
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Irak - geographie.
der Grundschulen sank im Gegensatz zu der der Kindergärten in den achtziger Jahren stark. 1986 nutzten 89,3 Prozent der Jungen und 82,1 Prozent der Mädchen das Angebot eines Besuchs der Primarstufe im Bildungswesen ihres Landes. Der Unterricht wird inarabischer Sprache abgehalten; in einigen Gebieten im Norden ist in den Grundschulen Kurdisch die Unterrichtssprache. Der Alphabetisierungsgrad des Landes liegt bei41,1 Prozent (2005). Von den sechs Universitäten des Irak befinden sich drei in Bagda...
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New Orleans - geography.
D Metropolitan Region The New Orleans metropolitan region covers 8,800 sq km (3,400 sq mi) and includes the counties—known in Louisiana as parishes— of Orleans, Jefferson, Saint Bernard, Saint Charles, Saint John the Baptist, Saint Tammany, Saint James, and Plaquemines. At the center is the city of New Orleans, which is coextensive withOrleans Parish. It has a land area of 468 sq km (181 sq mi). Extending from this base are numerous suburban towns in the surrounding parishes. Metairie, Harahan...
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Cranach l'Ancien, Lucas - dessin & gravure.
Cranach l'Ancien, Portrait de Martin Luther Lucas Cranach l'Ancien, Portrait de Martin Luther, 1550.THE BETTMANN ARCHIVE La rencontre avec Martin Luther, initiateur de la Réforme religieuse, constitue l’un des faits marquants de la carrière du peintre. Une profonde amitié se noue entre les deux hommes et Cranach réalise de lui plusieurs portraits gravés et peints (notamment Luther et sa femme Katharina von Bora, 1527, galerie des Offices, Florence). Il contribue également de façon déterminante...
- Madame Tussaud's Museum
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Jerusalem - geography.
There are many other artifacts in the city, tied to various periods of history; those of Canaanite, Israelite, Greek, Roman, Arab, Crusader, and Ottoman origin areamong the more prominent. Modern attractions include the Israel Museum (completed in 1965), which houses the Shrine of the Book, where the Dead Sea Scrolls areexhibited; the Rockefeller Museum (opened in 1938), which contains archaeological finds; the Yad Vashem Holocaust Museum; the Museum of Biblical Archaeology; theMuseum of Islamic...
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Dominican Republic - country.
Manatees and sea turtles also live in Dominican waters. Common birds include blue herons, glossy ibis, flamingos, and brown pelicans. E Environmental Issues Urban dwellers of the Dominican Republic enjoy good access to safe water, but rural communities do not. While current water use is low relative to available resources,water shortages do occur. Although deforestation was once a serious problem in the Dominican Republic, by the beginning of the 21st century, the annual rate of deforestation h...
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Lord Carnarvon, un mécène éclairé
lui apporte qu'ennui. Sur les conseils de Lord Cramer, re présentant de la Grande-Bre tagne en Égypte, il s'intéres se à l'Égypte antique . Loin de se douter que ce passe-temps va devenir une passion. Première trouvaille : une momie de chat ! G râce à l'intercession de Lord Cramer, Carnarvon obtient l'autorisation de fouiller le site de Cheikh abd el-Gournah, qui a déjà été re tourné de fond en comble, mais qui a l...
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Afghanistan - geographie.
3.2. 1 Feiertage Die weltlichen Feiertage in Afghanistan umfassen den Siegestag der muslimischen Nation (28. April), den nationalen Gedenktag (4. Mai) und den Unabhängigkeitstag(Jashn, am 18. August). Das Jashn-Fest erinnert an die Befreiung des Landes von der britischen Herrschaft im Jahr 1919 und dauert eine ganze Woche. Alle bedeutenden islamischen Feiertage richten sich nach dem Mondkalender und fallen daher jedes Jahr auf ein anderes Datum. Der Ramadan ist der Fastenmonat der Muslime. Der...
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Cleveland (Ohio) - geography.
Cleveland Children’s Museum. Also located in University Circle is Severance Hall, the home of the world-acclaimed Cleveland Orchestra. Nearby is the Cleveland PlayHouse, with three large, restored theaters and one of the largest non-profit professional theaters in the country. Downtown is Playhouse Square Center, with fourrecently restored theaters, home to the Cleveland Opera and the Great Lakes Theater Festival. On the waterfront is the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum,opened in 1995 and...
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Wien - geographie.
Oper Die Hochzeit des Figaro; zu sehen ist u. a. Mozarts Arbeitszimmer. Das Museum für angewandte Kunst zeigt Kunstgegenstände aus aller Welt. Zahlreiche Exponate zu Brauchtum und Volkskunst sind im Österreichischen Museum für Volkskunde zu sehen. Das MuseumsQuartier beherbergt eine Reihe von kulturellen Einrichtungen, darunterdas Architekturzentrum Wien, das Museum moderner Kunst (MUMOK) das Kindermuseum und die Kunsthalle Wien. Im Globenmuseum lässt sich der Wandel des Weltbildesseit dem 16....
- Museum of Modern Art (MOMA).
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Peter Paul Rubens
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INTRODUCTION
Thetis Dipping Achilles in the Styx
The sea nymph Thetis is seen dipping her son Achilles in the River Styx to make him immortal.
Rubens, Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of LermaIn 1603 Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens traveled to Spain as part of a diplomatic mission. While there, he received acommission for this portrait of the Duke of Lerma, the powerful prime minister of Spanish king Philip III. The painting nowhangs in the Prado Museum in Madrid, Spain.The Prado Museum, Madrid/Archivo Fotografico Oronoz Shortly thereafter, following the example of many northern European artists of the period, Rubens traveled to Italy...
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Acropolis - geography.
The Erechtheum is one of the most elaborate buildings on the Acropolis. Its plan is irregular, probably because of the sloping site and the need to preserve earlier placesof worship on the site or nearby. Porches project from three sides of the Erechtheum, but they are at different heights and are not centered on each side. GracefulIonic columns support the porches on the eastern and northern sides. Elegant caryatids (columns carved in the shape of draped female figures) support the Porch of t...
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Acropolis - USA History.
The Erechtheum is one of the most elaborate buildings on the Acropolis. Its plan is irregular, probably because of the sloping site and the need to preserve earlier placesof worship on the site or nearby. Porches project from three sides of the Erechtheum, but they are at different heights and are not centered on each side. GracefulIonic columns support the porches on the eastern and northern sides. Elegant caryatids (columns carved in the shape of draped female figures) support the Porch of t...
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Rembrandt.
myth that the painting was rejected by those who commissioned it, and led to a decline in Rembrandt's reputation and fortune, it was actually well received. Many of Rembrandt's landscapes in this middle period are romantic and based on his imagination rather than recording specific places. The inclusion of ancient ruins androlling hills, not a part of the flat Dutch countryside, as in River Valley with Ruins (Staatliche Gemäldegalerie, Kassel), suggests a classical influence derived from Italy...
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Sudan - country.
B Principal Cities and Political Divisions The principal city is Khartoum, the capital; other major cities include Omdurman and Khartoum North, major industrial centers, and Port Sudan, a seaport on the RedSea. Sudan is divided into 26 states. C Religion and Language About 70 percent of the people of Sudan are Muslims, some 15 percent are Christians, and most of the remainder follow traditional religions. The people of northernSudan are predominantly Sunni Muslims (Sunni Islam). Most of the pe...
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Iran - geographie.
persische Sprache) und wird mit den Zeichen des arabischen Alphabets geschrieben ( siehe arabische Sprache). Es gibt viele Lehnwörter aus dem Arabischen. Zu den verbreitetsten Minderheitensprachen gehören Turkmenisch, Aserbaidschanisch, Kurdisch, Luri und Arabisch. 3.3 Religion Offizielle Religion ist der schiitische Zweig des Islam, dem mehr als 91 Prozent der Bevölkerung angehören. Einige der wichtigsten heiligen Stätten der Schiiten liegen imIran. Dazu gehört die Stadt Qum, ein bekannter Wa...
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Portugal - geographie.
und erinnert an den Tag, als die Republik Portugal ausgerufen wurde. Am 2. November feiern die Menschen Allerseelen (Dia dos Finados), indem sie ihre Verstorbenen ehren. Portugal erlangte 1640 die Unabhängigkeit von Spanien. Dieses Ereignis wird am Unabhängigkeitstag am 1. Dezember festlich begangen. Weitere Feiertage sind derTag der Unbefleckten Empfängnis am 8. Dezember und Weihnachten am 25. Dezember. 4 BILDUNG UND KULTUR Die portugiesische Kultur ist eng verwandt mit der Kultur Spaniens....
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Philippinen - geographie.
Einwohner leben in Städten (2005). Das Bevölkerungswachstum beläuft sich auf 1,9 Prozent pro Jahr (2008). 3.1 Wichtige Städte Größte Stadt der Philippinen ist die Hauptstadt Manila mit etwa 10,4 Millionen Einwohnern (2003) in der Agglomeration. Die Stadt verfügt über den wichtigsten Hafen undist bedeutendster Produktionsstandort des Landes. Weitere wichtige Städte sind Quezon City (2,39 Millionen), das von 1948 bis 1976 die Hauptstadt des Landes war, Davao(1,40 Millionen), Cebu (662 000) und Za...
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Jordan (country) - country.
whom belong to the Greek Orthodox Church, make up about 4 percent of the population. Islam is the state religion and Arabic the official language. C Education Jordan has made significant strides in education in recent decades, despite the influx of hundreds of thousands of refugees and the very large share of the nationalbudget assigned to the armed forces. Public education is free and compulsory between the ages of 6 and 15. At the secondary level, about 85 percent of the malechildren and 87 p...
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Syria - country.
D Education Primary education is free and compulsory for all children aged 6 through 12. Some 78 percent of the adult Syrian population was estimated to be literate in 2005.Primary schools enrolled 2.8 million pupils in the 2000 school year, and 1.1 million students attended secondary schools and vocational institutes. In 1998, 94,110 Syrian students were enrolled in institutes of higher education. Syria has universities in Damascus, Ḩalab, Ḩim ş, and Al L ādhiq īyah. Also in Damascus isthe Ar...
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Estonia - country.
protest the expansion of open-pit phosphorite mining in northeastern Estonia. Their success in stopping the expansion prompted further demonstrations as part of thecountry’s independence movement. Since independence Estonia has taken measures to protect the environment. The government has ratified international agreementsto reduce emissions of hazardous wastes and greenhouse gases, as well as to protect biodiversity, wetlands, and endangered species. Estonians cherish thecountryside, and 31 perc...