1326 résultats pour "majorité"

• Nouvelle-Zélande

  ser d'eventuelles reclama- bons. Doivent etre affi- ches de maniere lisible et visible, pres de chaque installation : - le prix TTC de l'even- tuel forfait de mise a dis- position ; - le prix TTC de ('unite de base servant au calcul du montant de la presta- tion ;lorsque cette unite est une duree, le prix est affi- che selon la cadence fixee par France Telecom en heu- res pleines ; lorsque le prix depend de la destination, it est affiche en distinguant les des- tinations locales, grande dis- tan...

• Arabic Literature I INTRODUCTION Arabic Literature, literature written in the Arabic language, from the 6th century to the present.

  The life of the Prophet Muhammad also generated its own literary sources, primary among which is the hadith. The hadiths were a collection of the Prophet's sayings and actions, transmitted through a chain of authorities said to go back to Muhammad himself. The two most famous collections of hadiths are those of al-Bukhari andMuslim in the 9th century. These works provide a wealth of information covering all aspects of a Muslim's life, from prayer to personal, social, and business conduct. The...

• Republican Party.

  the reaction to the depression that the Republican Party controlled Congress for only 4 of the 48 years between 1932 and 1980. The Republicans did win the presidencyfour times during that period—in 1952, 1956, 1968, and 1972—when the Democratic Party split or when some unusual combination of circumstances occurred. Fromthe 1930s through the 1970s, however, the Democratic Party was the dominant party in the United States. The response of the Republicans to this new situation was confusion, anger,...

• Nicaraguan Revolution.

  Directorate. Within a year Robelo and Violeta Chamorro left the junta, and the Council of State was reorganized to guarantee an overwhelming Sandinista majority.Elections were postponed, restrictions were placed on the media, and relations with the Roman Catholic Church became increasingly tense. Two non-Sandinistasreplaced Robelo and Chamorro on the junta, but they had little power, and the government’s relations with opposition political parties and the private business sectordeteriorated. A D...

• Iranian Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Iranian Art and Architecture, the visual arts of Iran.

  The first great development of ancient Persian architecture took place under the Achaemenid dynasty during the Persian Empire, from about 550 to 330 BC. Remains of Achaemenian architecture are numerous, the earliest being ruins at Pasargadae, the capital city of Cyrus the Great. These ruins include two palaces, a sacred precinct, acitadel, a tower, and the tomb of Cyrus. The palaces were set in walled gardens and contained central columnar halls, the largest of which was 37 m (111 ft) in length...

• Pollution.

  One of the greatest challenges caused by air pollution is global warming, an increase in Earth’s temperature due to the buildup of certain atmospheric gases such ascarbon dioxide. With the heavy use of fossil fuels in the 20th century, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have risen dramatically. Carbon dioxide and othergases, known as greenhouse gases, reduce the escape of heat from the planet without blocking radiation coming from the Sun. Because of this greenhouse effect,average glob...

• Soccer's Big Show Comes to the United States.

  There were many doubters, both overseas and within the United States. Some U.S. sportswriters derided the idea of holding the World Cup in the United States asakin to staging the World Series in India—how could there be any local interest? Foreign critics felt that money was the sole reason for FIFA's decision and that thesport was about to be cheapened to make it acceptable to Americans. The rumors flew: FIFA was going to enlarge the goals, it would allow timeouts (unheard of inthe sport) to ac...

• Mexican War.

  men, mostly Mexicans, rode to Nacogdoches to capture the rebellious Fredonians. The small garrison of Fredonians soundly defeated their attackers in the only battle ofthe rebellion. When Mexican troops arrived at Nacogdoches a short time later, the republic had been dissolved and the leader of the colonists had fled to Louisiana. B The Texas Revolution Although the Fredonians were not successful, by the 1830s the population of Mexican Texas included many immigrants from the United States. These...

• Libya - country.

  junipers and mastic trees are found in the higher elevations. Only a few large mammals are found in Libya. Wildlife includes desert rodents, hyenas, gazelles, and wildcats. Eagles, hawks, and vultures are common. E Environmental Issues Libya has undertaken a number of major irrigation projects intended to ease the country’s water shortage. The most ambitious is the so-called Great Man-Made River(GMMR), a massive 25-year irrigation scheme begun in 1984. The GMMR is a vast water pipeline system d...

• L'opinion majoritaire est-elle nécessairement la meilleure ?

  implicitement, quels sont les citoyens qui feraient partie de ces classes. Or tel sera bien le cas si la volonté estgénérale par sa source, puisque la règle de l'unanimité empêche qu'une fraction soit l'objet d'un privilège ou d'unesujétion particuliers. De même, la généralité de l'objet garantit la généralité de la source : il n'est pas nécessaire que les citoyens soient unanimes. La volonté générale n'est pas, en effet, la volonté de tous et peut êtrevalablement exprimée par la maj...

• Slovakia - country.

  The country is divided informally into the three regions of Western Slovakia, Central Slovakia, and Eastern Slovakia, corresponding to administrative divisions that wereabolished in 1989. Most of Slovakia’s 600,000 Hungarians live in the southern parts of Western and Central Slovakia, which served as the cultural center of Hungary forseveral centuries after Hungary proper was invaded by the Ottomans in the 16th century. The Ruthenian and Ukrainian minorities are concentrated in the northernregio...

• Labor Union.

  B The Legal Environment The legal environment, which permits certain types of union activities and prohibits others, also influences the extent of union organization. States with right-to-worklaws have much lower unionization rates than other states. In the United States, the states with the lowest unionization rates are North Carolina, South Carolina, SouthDakota, and Arkansas—states that have right-to-work laws. In 2000 the unionization rate in these states ranged from 4.44 percent to 6.7 per...

• Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.

  A Religious Freedom Although religious freedom has not generally been curtailed in the United States, Roman Catholics, Jews, and members of such unconventional Protestant groups as theOneida Community and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have historically been discriminated against and sometimes have even been persecuted,although today overt discrimination has almost vanished. The federal Civil Rights Act of 1964, as well as many state and local laws, prohibits religious discrimi...

• Bangladesh - country.

  F Environmental Issues Waterborne diseases such as cholera are a serious threat to public health in Bangladesh. Until the 1970s, many of Bangladesh’s people became sick from drinkingpolluted water drawn from surface rivers. Aid agencies such as the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) built shallow wells throughout the country to help provide asafe source of drinking water to Bangladesh’s poor. In the 1990s, however, it was discovered that many of these wells were contaminated by arsenic, a...

• Culture.

  form of knowledge, such as scientific discoveries; objects, such as works of art; and traditions, such as the observance of holidays. C1 Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism Self-identity usually depends on culture to such a great extent that immersion in a very different culture—with which a person does not share common ways of life orbeliefs—can cause a feeling of confusion and disorientation. Anthropologists refer to this phenomenon as culture shock. In multicultural societies —societies s...

• La représentation proportionnelle est-elle un mode de scrutin juste ?

  chômage mieux contrôlé. La représentation proportionnelle présente de nombreux avantages notamment d'être un modèle fidèle de la représentation du nombre de voix obtenu par chaque partien sièges.Mais il faut cependant montrer que la représentation proportionnelle présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients que l'on décrira par la suite. II. Des dysfonctionnements démocratiques facilement repérables Nous verrons tout d'abord que la représentation proportionnelle est un mode de scrutin qui entraine...

• Congress of the United States.

  senator, a person must be at least 30 years old, a citizen for nine years, and a resident of the state from which he or she is elected. Most members of Congress haveserved in state legislatures, city councils, or other elected bodies. See United States Senate: Campaigning for the Senate ; United States House of Representatives: Campaigning for the House. The 435 House seats are divided among the states in proportion to each state’s population. Every state is guaranteed at least one seat. State...

• Hinduism.

  they do not share any basic terms. B Sanātana Dharma Evidence from inscriptions indicates that Hindus had begun to use the word dharma for their religion by the 7th century. After other religions of Indian origin also began to use this term, Hindus then adopted the expression san ātana dharma to distinguish their dharma from others. The word san ātana, meaning immemorial as well as eternal, emphasized the unbroken continuity of the Hindu tradition in contrast to the other dharmas . The Bu...

• William Shakespeare I INTRODUCTION William Shakespeare English playwright and poet William Shakespeare, who lived in the late 1500s and early 1600s, is regarded as the greatest dramatist in the history of English literature.

  Avon, Warwickshire, a prosperous town in the English Midlands. Based on this record and on the fact that children in Shakespeare’s time were usually baptized two orthree days after birth, April 23 has traditionally been accepted as his date of birth. The third of eight children, William Shakespeare was the eldest son of John Shakespeare, a locally prominent glovemaker and wool merchant, and Mary Arden, thedaughter of a well-to-do landowner in the nearby village of Wilmcote. The young Shakespeare...

• Roman Empire .

  A Government Augustus did not derive his power from any single office, but from the authority of his name and his victory. In fact, he carefully pieced together a patchwork of powersthat allowed him to be an absolute ruler and yet avoid the hatred Caesar aroused as dictator. In Latin, the name Augustus implies both political authority and religiousrespect. The Romans had for some time called Octavian imperator , a title once awarded to victorious generals that soon became associated with the r...

• Roman Empire - History.

  A Government Augustus did not derive his power from any single office, but from the authority of his name and his victory. In fact, he carefully pieced together a patchwork of powersthat allowed him to be an absolute ruler and yet avoid the hatred Caesar aroused as dictator. In Latin, the name Augustus implies both political authority and religiousrespect. The Romans had for some time called Octavian imperator , a title once awarded to victorious generals that soon became associated with the r...

• Les lunes du système solaire

  LES SATELLITES INTERNES Adrastée, Métis, Amalthée et Thébé évoluent à l'intérieur de l'orbite de lo. De faibles dimensions (moins de 100 km de diamètre), ces lunes sont probablement les sources de poussière qui alimentent les anneaux de Jupiter. LES SATELLITES SATURNIENS principalement de la glace. Il porte la marque d 'un impact gigantesque qui l'a presque désintégré. Le cratère a un diamètre de 30 km, à comparer à un diamètre d'environ 200 km et...

• Le nanisme et le gigantisme (Travaux Personnels Encadrés – Médecine & Santé – TS)

  • La dysplasie polyépiphysaire touche l'épiphyse (extrémité renflée) des os longs, ce qui génère des problèmes de croissance ainsi que des douleurs dans les articulations. On note aussi un retard d'~ge osseux, un visage rond , des patients atteints de myopie , des pieds courts ou encore des petites mains . • La maladie de Morquio se révèle dans la deuxième année. Des complications neurologiques viennent parfois s'ajouter aux troubles de croissan...

• Le Président de la IIIe et de la Ve République

  Nous verrons dans un premier temps comment le mode d’élection du président de la République a évolué et tendu vers une légitimité à gouverner, avant de voir dans un second temps le passage d’une absence totale de responsabilité du président à sa responsabilisation progressive sous la Ve asseyant son autorité. A- Le mandat présidentiel gagnant en légitimité par une évolution du système d’élection d’une république à l’autre Aux vues de l’article 2 de la loi constitutio...

• L'armistice

  Le 24 juin, à 19 h 35, l'armistice franco-italien était signé. Le 25, à 0 h 35, il devenait effectif sur tous les fronts français. La convention d'armistice comportait en premier lieu des clausesmilitaires auxquelles les Français pouvaient s'attendre : cessation immédiate des hostilités toutes les forces armées françaisesseront " désarmées " et " démobilisées " (à l'exception des forces nécessaires au maintien de l'ordre) le Reich pourrait exiger delui que soient livrés les chars, les pièce...

• Algérie (carte - géographie)

  , . elile Le pays Après cent trente ans d'occupation franç aise , l'Algér ie acqu i ert son indépendance en 1962 , au prix d 'une guerre de huit ans. L' immense majorité du territoire est occupée par le Sahara . Malgré d'importantes ressources naturelles , notamment en gaz , le pays s'enfonce dans la crise économ ique (un quart de la population est au chômage , dont une majorité de jeunes) , aggravée par la récente guerre civile qui aurait f...

• Article de presse: La fusion AFL-CIO

  mort de Roosevelt, un Congrès républicain ayant été élu en 1946, le climat était à tous égards favorable à une réaction anti-ouvrière, qui, dès juin 1947, et malgré le veto du président Truman, se manifeste sous la forme de la loi Taft-Hartley. Cette loi prétend interdire des excès dont on ne saurait nier l'existence : les syndicats américains possèdent une structure assezdictatoriale qui permet aux dirigeants de se livrer à certains abus,-le banditisme pur et simple n'est pas absent de diver...

• Article de presse: Tony Blair, an II

  dont un cinquième des ménages sont de fait exclus. Baptisée d'un de ces slogans dont les experts en communication du NewLabour ont le secret, l'opération Welfare to work (passer de l'assistance au travail) est présentée comme une déclaration deguerre à la pauvreté et à l'ignorance, dans le plus pur style messianique. Dans son introduction au Livre vert sur la reconstruction du Welfare State , présenté fin mars au Parlement, Tony Blair écrit : " La réforme nous redonne une véritable cause nation...

• Republic of the Congo - country.

  rate of 50 CFA francs equal to 1 French franc was in force from 1948 to 1994, when the CFA franc was devalued by 50 percent. The leading commercial banks are theBanque Internationale du Congo and the Union Congolaise de Banques. E Foreign Trade In 2000 imports cost $930 million and exports earned $2.09 billion. The Congo engages in considerable trade with the nearby countries of Cameroon, the CentralAfrican Republic, and Gabon, with which it is joined in the Customs and Economic Union of Centra...

• Seoul - geography.

  higher learning in South Korea. All of South Korea’s top-ranked universities are in Seoul, including Chung-ang University (1918), Ewha Women’s University (1886),Korea University (1905), Seoul National University (1946), Sogang University (1960), Sung Kyun Kwan University (1938), and Yonsei University (1885). The National Museum features collections of Korean art and artifacts, and the National Science Museum showcases modern Korean technology. The National Library ofKorea, the country’s largest...

• Voisin des États-Unis, le Mexique, État fédéral, est la deuxième grande puissance démographique et économique de l'Amérique latine.

  Californie (Basse-) Chihuahua Madre (sierra) Mexique (golfe du) Popocatépetl Tehuantepec (isthme de) Yucatán La diversité climatique. L'étirement en latitude et l'étagement lié à l'altitude entraînent une grande diversité climatique. Trois grands ensembles naturels peuvent être dégagés : le Sud tropical humide, le Nord semi-aride et le Centre volcanique, où l'Altiplano et les basses terres ont un climat tropical à deux saisons (sèche de novembre à mai et humide de juin à octobre). À la l...

• Yangtze - Geography.

  A Agriculture and Industry Today about 400 million people, or about one-third of the population of China, live in the Yangtze Basin. Many are engaged in agriculture. The basin contributes nearlyhalf of China’s crop production, although only one-quarter of the basin is arable. The most fertile areas for farming are the Sichuan Basin, the plains between theYangtze and its tributary the Han, and the plains of the lower basin. In all about 40 percent of the cereals, more than 30 percent of the cott...

• Traumatismes profonds pour les générations d'hommes qui en furent les acteurs et les victimes, les guerres mondiales resteront comme les événements les plus marquants du XXe siècle.

  Les corrélats alliance - Triple-Alliance Alsace-Lorraine balkaniques (guerres) Bosnie-Herzégovine Bosnie-Herzégovine - Histoire Entente cordiale François-Ferdinand de Habsbourg Jaurès Jean Sarajevo Serbie Serbie - Histoire 1914-1916 : l'échec de la guerre de mouvement. Les Alliés comme les Empires centraux imaginaient une guerre courte, sans implication des civils. L'Allemagne appliqua aussitôt le plan Schlieffen : dans une manœuvre d'enveloppement par la Belgique, ses troupes défe...

• Coins and Coin Collecting.

  U.S. coins dates from 1909, when the first Lincoln Cents appeared during the centennial of Abraham Lincoln’s birth. George Washington’s profile was used on thequarter-dollar of 1932, a coin originally intended as a one-year commemorative to honor the 200th anniversary of his birth. The design quickly became so popular thatit was retained for regular-issue quarters and is still being used today. Thomas Jefferson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, and Dwight D. Eisenhower are theother Americ...

• Republic of Singapore - country.

  Singaporeans of Chinese and Indian ancestry live in small, nuclear families. Housing favors smaller families, as most units consist of small apartments in high-risebuildings. Western clothing is common, and foods reflect the Chinese, Malay, and Indian origins of the people. D Social Issues Since Singapore became an independent state in 1965, government policies have brought orderliness and efficiency to the country. Examples are supplanting slum andsquatter areas with high-rise public housing p...

• Gothic Art and Architecture I INTRODUCTION Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris Notre Dame Cathedral, in Paris, was begun in 1163 and completed for the most part in 1250.

  and by external arches, called flying buttresses. Consequently, the thick walls of Romanesque architecture could be largely replaced by thinner walls with glass windows,and the interiors could reach unprecedented heights. A revolution in building techniques thus occurred. With the Gothic vault, a ground plan could take on a variety of shapes. The general plan of the cathedrals, however, consisting of a long three-aisled nave interceptedby a transept and followed by a shorter choir and sanctuary,...

• Earthquake.

  III CAUSES Most earthquakes are caused by the sudden slip along geologic faults. The faults slip because of movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates. This concept is called theelastic rebound theory. The rocky tectonic plates move very slowly, floating on top of a weaker rocky layer. As the plates collide with each other or slide past eachother, pressure builds up within the rocky crust. Earthquakes occur when pressure within the crust increases slowly over hundreds of years and finally exceeds...

• History of United States Business.

  their lives. But the rewards were worth it; a few lucrative voyages and a merchant could buy a townhouse, a carriage, perhaps a summer retreat. The merchant couldclimb the social ladder and circulate among the powerful in this highly materialistic society. This prospect of riches and the honor that accompanied them made Americancolonists willing to engage in highly speculative enterprises, such as shipping flour to the West Indies or importing goods from England by the thousands without beingcer...

• Laos - country.

  by the year 2025. About one-quarter of Laos’s people live in mountainous regions. The rest live in upland valleys or on the flood plains of the Mekong and its tributaries.Just over three-quarters of the population live in rural areas, although the proportion of people living in urban areas is steadily increasing. Vientiane is the capital and largest city of Laos. Louangphrabang, the former royal capital, is an increasingly popular tourist destination. Other major cities are theregional capitals...

• Johann Sebastian Bach.

  from his duties, and even tossed him into jail for “too obstinately requesting his dismissal.” But after several weeks the duke saw it was of no use and let him go. E Köthen: 1717-1723 Bach’s new employer, Leopold, loved and understood music and could play the violin, viola da gamba, and harpsichord as well as sing bass. The prince held Bach in highregard and stood as godfather for his seventh child. Bach, in turn, named the child Leopold August in his employer’s honor. Bach later said that the...

• Vermont - geography.

  Forests cover 78 percent of Vermont. Most of the trees are deciduous, principally the maple, elm, birch, beech, oak, hickory, ash, cherry, and butternut. The state treeis the sugar maple, which provides Vermont’s famous maple syrup. Conifers are common in some mountain areas and include mainly the white pine, red spruce,hemlock, and cedar. A great variety of ferns have been found within the state. Among the more common wildflowers that grow in Vermont are anemones, arbutuses,violets, lilacs, dai...

• Vermont - USA History.

  Forests cover 78 percent of Vermont. Most of the trees are deciduous, principally the maple, elm, birch, beech, oak, hickory, ash, cherry, and butternut. The state treeis the sugar maple, which provides Vermont’s famous maple syrup. Conifers are common in some mountain areas and include mainly the white pine, red spruce,hemlock, and cedar. A great variety of ferns have been found within the state. Among the more common wildflowers that grow in Vermont are anemones, arbutuses,violets, lilacs, dai...

• Latin American Independence.

  be inferior and were not permitted a university education. In the lowest caste were the African slaves. As the Spanish monarchy tried to increase its authority, it was hampered by the power of the Catholic Church. The church, including various religious orders, hadacquired great wealth, including large holdings of land, in the colonies. The Jesuit order especially had gained extraordinary wealth and political influence, and it alsocontrolled much of the university and high school education in th...

• Global Warming.

  some of the warming influence of increasing greenhouse gases. A1 Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide is the second most abundant greenhouse gas, after water vapor. Carbon dioxide constantly circulates in the environment through a variety of naturalprocesses known as the carbon cycle. It is released into the atmosphere from natural processes such as eruptions of volcanoes; the respiration of animals, whichbreathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide; and the burning or decay of plants and other organic...

• Uzbekistan - country.

  E Environmental Issues The evaporation of the Aral Sea is one of the worst ecological disasters in the world. The Aral has shrunk so much that it now holds only about one-fifth the volume ofwater it held in 1960. The shrinkage is due to irrigation withdrawals from the Amu Darya and Syr Darya, a practice that began on a massive scale in the early 1960s aspart of the Soviet Union’s ill-conceived drive to increase cotton yields in Central Asia. Growing cotton in the naturally arid and saline soil...

• Cambodia - country.

  The population of Cambodia is 14,241,640 (2008 estimate). Population growth per year is estimated at 1.8 percent, one of the highest rates in Asia. The rate of infantmortality is also high. The population density is 81 persons per sq km (209 per sq mi), with the densest concentrations on the heavily cultivated central plain. Themountainous regions of the country, where malaria is widespread, are thinly populated, as are the poorly watered northern provinces. During the late 1970s, under thebruta...

• Art 1411, IV. du Code général des impôts: commentaire

  teres) par le nombre des locaux correspondants. Quel est le taux des abattements ? II est fixe par le conseil municipal dans les limites suivantes. L'abattement obligatoire pour charges de famille est egal : - pour chacune des deux premieres personnes charge, a 10 % de la valeur locative moyenne des ha- bitations de la commune ; - pour chacune des per- sonnes a charge suivantes, a 15 % de cette meme 'valeur locative moyenne. Ces taux peuvent etre major& de 5 ou 10 points par le conseil municipal...

• Cartel des gauches A la veille des élections législatives de 1924 destinées à renouveler la " Chambre bleu horizon" constituée d'une majorité de modérés et de conservateurs, les divers partis de gauche se coalisent pour présenter des listes uniques et remporter la majorité des sièges.

• La cohabitation sous la Vème république

  B) Cette ambiguïté est à l'origine d'un phénomène atypique. 1) Pour De Gaulle, la dyarchie est aussi impossible que le maintien d'un président désavoué. De Gaulle avait exclu en 1964 dans une conférence de presse "toute dyarchie au sommet". Comme cette possibilité n'est pas interdite par la constitution, on peut se demander pourquoi De Gaulle ne l'a pas fait? De même, selon la vision qui était la sienne, il était inenvisageable surtout après 62 qu'on président doté de si larges pouvoir...

• « La fonction du parlement serait aujourd'hui réduite au contrôle de l'activité législative du gouvernement » Philippe Seguin.

  L’apparition du Gouvernement en tant que législateur tient surtout aux prérogatives que celui-ci détient par le biais de la Constitution de 1958. La première prérogative qui affirme que le Gouvernement prend la place de législateur est la maîtrise de la procédure législative. En effet, l’initiative des lois appartient aux membres du Parlement, ainsi on parlera des propositions et au Premier ministre, dans ce cas on parlera de projets (article 39 de la Constitution). À première vue, no...