1103 résultats pour "2005"

• Grecia - geografía.

  nivel de contaminación. El Gobierno también incentiva el uso de automóviles con bajo nivel de contaminación. Otra medida importante para combatir la contaminación hasido la utilización de paneles solares para aprovechar la energía. La contaminación del agua es otro de los problemas que enfrenta Grecia. Los residuos de cerca del 50% de los puntos de actividad industrial, además de todas las cloacasde Atenas, desembocan en el golfo de Egina. Gran parte de estos residuos no son tratados. La contami...

• Israel - geographie.

  Israel eingewandert sind, und die Sephardim, deren Vorfahren von der Iberischen Halbinsel und aus Nordafrika nach Israel kamen. Andere Volksgruppen stammen aus demMittleren Osten oder aus Osteuropa. Letztere wanderten vor allem nach dem Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion und dem Zerfall des Ostblocks nach Israel aus. 3.1 Wichtige Städte Größte Stadt des Landes ist Jerusalem (702 000 Einwohner einschließlich der Altstadt). Weitere wichtige Städte sind das Industriezentrum Tel Aviv-Jaffa (369 000), Ha...

• Arabie saoudite

• Gabon - country.

  government is engaged in preservation and reforestation programs. The fish catch in 2005 was 43,941 metric tons. C Mining Mining has developed rapidly since Gabon’s independence in 1960. Annual production of extremely high-grade manganese ore, from Moanda in the southeast, was1,090,000 metric tons in 2004. The rich deposits of iron ore located at Mekambo and Bélinga in the northeast have reserves estimated at more than 500 million metrictons. Exploitation of the iron ore has been hampered by th...

• Aserbaidschan - geographie.

  dem 19. Jahrhundert wird das Kaspische Meer durch Ölbohrungen bei Baku verunreinigt. Damals erlangte das russische Reich die politische Kontrolle über dieses Gebiet undbegann sofort mit der Förderung der Ölvorkommen. Zu Zeiten der Sowjetunion gingen die Fördermengen zurück, die Produktionsabfälle wurden jedoch nach wie vor imKaspischen Meer verklappt. Ein weiterer Grund zur Besorgnis sind die veralteten und undichten Bohrausrüstungen. 6 GESCHICHTE Das Gebiet von Aserbaidschan wurde im 8. Jahrhu...

• Djibouti (country) - country.

  l’Unité et de la Démocratie (FRUD; Front for the Renewal of Unity and Democracy) represents the Afar minority. The Parti National Démocratique (PND; Democratic National Party) and the Parti du Renouveau Démocratique (PRD; Democratic Renewal Party) are both small opposition parties favoring democratic reforms. VI HISTORY Djibouti lies at a major global crossroads where, some 100,000 years ago, early humans migrated from Africa to the Middle East. Livestock herding, which remainsimportant...

• Japon.

  majorité de feuillus. Les pruniers (ume), blancs et rouges, de même que les cerisiers (sakura), à la floraison précoce, constituent, au même titre que le bambou (take) et le pin (matsu), les symboles traditionnels du pays. On distingue au Japon plusieurs types de paysages. Dans le nord et l’est d’Hokkaido, les conifères forment la majorité de la couverture végétale, associés au bouleau et aufrêne. La forêt tempérée réunit feuillus et conifères (chênes, hêtres, érables, thuyas, pins rouge...

• Corée du Sud

• Israël

• Sambia - geographie.

  Alphabetisierungsgrad beträgt 82,2 Prozent. An der Universität von Sambia in Lusaka (gegründet 1965) studieren etwa 4 600 Studenten. Das Livingstone Museum in Maramba enthält eine Sammlung von Ausstellungsstücken zur Archäologie und Naturgeschichte Südafrikas. Das Institut für AfrikanischeStudien, das der Universität von Sambia angegliedert ist, veröffentlicht Studien über Zentralafrika. 5 VERWALTUNG UND POLITIK Sambia ist seit 1964 eine Präsidialrepublik. Gültig ist die Verfassung von 1991. 5....

• Benin - country.

  French is the official language of Benin, but most people speak an African language. Each of the country’s ethnic groups has its own language. Fon is the most widelyspoken language. About 52 percent of the population professes traditional religious beliefs, chiefly Vodun, a belief in spirits. Arab merchants introduced Islam to the region, and today it isthe religion of some 20 percent of the people, most of whom live in the north. Christianity, especially Roman Catholicism, is the religion of ab...

• The Gambia - country.

  The population of The Gambia (2008 estimate) is 1,735,464, making it one of the least populous countries of Africa. Still, the country has a fairly high overall populationdensity of 174 persons per sq km (449 per sq mi), and the population is increasing at a rate of 2.7 percent a year. Banjul, formerly called Bathurst, is the capital andonly seaport. The largest city is Serrekunda, a transportation hub and commercial center. B Religion and Language The great majority of the people of The Gambia...

• Nahostkonflikt - Geschichte.

  Seit dem Regierungsantritt Benjamin Netanjahus in Israel 1996 kam der Friedensprozess von israelischer Seite her zum Erliegen, was zu (vergeblichen) internationalenProtesten und einer zeitweiligen Entfremdung zwischen Israel und den USA führte. Nach wiederum langwierigen Verhandlungen zwischen Israel und den Palästinensern kamim Januar 1997 ein Abkommen über den israelischen Abzug aus Hebron zustande. Umgesetzt wurde das Abkommen jedoch vorerst nicht; vielmehr erschwerte Israel denFriedensprozes...

• Health Care System in Canada.

  With a few exceptions, provincial health plans cover all medically necessary services, so that patients need not pay directly for anything except so-called incidental costs.These incidental costs include items such as a patient’s private hospital room, unless it is specified by a physician, and transportation to the hospital. Provincial healthplans also do not cover some nonessential procedures, such as laser surgery for the eye, cosmetic surgery, procedures to reverse sterilization, and, in mos...

• Tansania - geographie.

  in Tansania, die Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM), erinnert, der Vereinigungstag (26. April), an dem die 1964 zwischen Tanganyika und den Inseln Sansibar und Pemba geschlossene Union, aus der das Land Tansania hervorging, gefeiert wird, der Tag der Arbeit (1. Mai), der Saba Saba- Tag (Tag der Landwirte am 7. Juli) und der Tag der Unabhängigkeit von Großbritannien (9. Dezember). Daneben feiert die tansanische Bevölkerung auch religiöse Feiertage des Christentums und des Islam, unter anderemauch Oster...

• Francia - geografía.

  2.4 Temas medioambientales Algunos de los ríos de Francia están contaminados por los residuos industriales y por las aguas residuales procedentes de la actividad agrícola. Se está intentando mejorarla calidad del agua mediante la construcción de plantas de tratamiento y la imposición de multas por contaminación. En las principales ciudades, la contaminaciónatmosférica, provocada por los automóviles y los combustibles fósiles, constituye un grave problema medioambiental. Francia obtiene el 76,24...

• Influenza.

  days and disappear in seven to ten days. However, coughing and fatigue may persist for two or more weeks. Death from influenza itself is rare. But influenza can aggravate underlying medical conditions, such as heart or lung disease. Invading influenza viruses produceinflammation in the lining of the respiratory tract, damage that increases the risk that secondary infections will develop. Common complications include bronchitis,sinusitis, and bacterial pneumonia, occurring most frequently in olde...

• Kuwait (country) - country.

  Oil revenues have allowed Kuwait to build an extensive educational system, yielding a literacy rate of 84 percent. Public school is free and compulsory from the age of 6to 13, and several private schools also teach this age group. Kuwait University (founded in 1966) is also free and offers programs in a wide range of professional andscientific fields at several campuses. Both the extensive library system at Kuwait University and the collection at Kuwait National Museum (1957) were heavily damage...

• India - geografía.

  valiosas de madera, entre ellas la teca. En las tierras bajas pantanosas hay grandes regiones de jungla impenetrable y también a lo largo de las laderas bajas de los Ghatesoccidentales. La vegetación del Decán es menos exuberante, pero a través de toda la península se pueden encontrar espesuras de bambú, palmera y árboles caducifolios. Las selvas, llanuras, colinas y montañas de la India están habitadas por gran variedad de vida animal. Los felinos están bien representados, con tigres y panteras...

• Ehemalige Jugoslawische Republik Mazedonien - geographie.

  Der Schulbesuch in Mazedonien ist kostenfrei; es besteht eine allgemeine Schulpflicht von 8 Jahren (2001–2002). Aufgrund der systematischen Förderung desBildungswesens liegt der Alphabetisierungsgrad der Bevölkerung inzwischen bei 89 Prozent, ist aber im europäischen Vergleich immer noch relativ niedrig. Annähernd70 Prozent der Mazedonier absolvieren weiterführende Schulen. Es gibt zwei Universitäten, die sich in der Hauptstadt Skopje (gegründet 1949) und in Bitola (gegründet1979) befinden. Alba...

• Vereinte Nationen - Politik.

  4.3 Wirtschafts- und Sozialrat (ECOSOC) Das Gremium ist zuständig für die Verwirklichung der wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Programme, die zur Vermeidung und Beseitigung der Konfliktursachen aufder Erde beitragen sollen. Es umfasst (seit 1973) 54 Mitglieder, von denen jedes Jahr ein Drittel nach einem regionalen Verteilungsschlüssel für drei Jahre gewählt wird. DerECOSOC kann Empfehlungen an die UN-Mitglieder und -Organe aussprechen und internationale Konferenzen einberufen, die auc...

• Vereinte Nationen - Geschichte.

  4.3 Wirtschafts- und Sozialrat (ECOSOC) Das Gremium ist zuständig für die Verwirklichung der wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und kulturellen Programme, die zur Vermeidung und Beseitigung der Konfliktursachen aufder Erde beitragen sollen. Es umfasst (seit 1973) 54 Mitglieder, von denen jedes Jahr ein Drittel nach einem regionalen Verteilungsschlüssel für drei Jahre gewählt wird. DerECOSOC kann Empfehlungen an die UN-Mitglieder und -Organe aussprechen und internationale Konferenzen einberufen, die auc...

• Weißrussland - geographie.

  Ausrüstungen, Textilien und Fahrzeuge. In der Landwirtschaft wird mehr als die Hälfte der Wertschöpfung durch Viehzucht und Milchwirtschaft erzielt; daneben spielen auch Anbauprodukte wie Kartoffeln, Weizen,Zuckerrüben und weiteres Getreide eine wichtige Rolle. 26,3 Prozent der Fläche werden als Ackerland genutzt. Durch den Reaktorunfall in Tschernobyl 1986 erlitt dieweißrussische Landwirtschaft einen erheblichen Schaden: Knapp 70 Prozent des gesamten radioaktiven Niederschlags gingen auf weißru...

• Tanzania - country.

  The population of Tanzania (2008 estimate) is 40,213,162, giving the country an overall population density of 45 persons per sq km (118 per sq mi). Yet the populationdistribution is irregular, with high densities found near fertile soils around Kilimanjaro and the shores of Lake Malawi, and comparatively low density throughout much ofthe interior of the country. In the late 1960s and 1970s the Tanzanian government resettled most of the rural population in collective farming villages as part of i...

• Air Pollution.

  Several pollutants attack the ozone layer. Chief among them is the class of chemicals known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), formerly used as refrigerants (notably in airconditioners), as agents in several manufacturing processes, and as propellants in spray cans. CFC molecules are virtually indestructible until they reach thestratosphere. Here, intense ultraviolet radiation breaks the CFC molecules apart, releasing the chlorine atoms they contain. These chlorine atoms begin reacting withozone, br...

• Berlin.

  Kunsthochschule (1975). Kulturelle Veranstaltungen wie die Internationalen Filmfestspiele und das Berliner Jazzfest genießen international hohes Ansehen. DerRundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (RBB) mit Sitz in Berlin und Potsdam ist die größte regionale Sendeanstalt. Sie ging 2003 aus der Fusion von Sender Freies Berlin (SFB)und Ostdeutschem Rundfunk Brandenburg (ORB) hervor. 4.3 Sehenswürdigkeiten Das wieder zugängliche Brandenburger Tor (1788-1791), das den Propyläen auf der Akropolis in Athen nache...

• Berlin - geographie.

  Das wieder zugängliche Brandenburger Tor (1788-1791), das den Propyläen auf der Akropolis in Athen nachempfunden ist, wird von einer Quadriga mit der Siegesgöttingekrönt. Es ist der westliche Endpunkt der Straße Unter den Linden, die sich bis zur Museumsinsel in der Spree zieht. Bis Dezember 1989 verlief hier die Grenze zwischenOst- und Westberlin. In diesem Bereich liegen die Deutsche Staatsoper, die 1743 im Rokokostil erbaut wurde, die Staatsbibliothek (1774-1780), die 1997 in einem Gebäudevon...

• Venezuela - geographie.

  3.3 Soziales Die Gesellschaft Venezuelas ist von erheblichen sozialen Gegensätzen geprägt. 31,3 Prozent der Landesbewohner leben unterhalb der Armutsgrenze. Der Staat unterstütztin begrenztem Umfang eine Gesundheits-, Unfall- und Rentenversicherung. Die Lebenserwartung liegt bei 73,5 Jahren (2008). Aufgrund der Armut und der hohenArbeitslosigkeit suchen viele Menschen aus ländlichen Gebieten nach besseren Lebensbedingungen in den Städten, wo sich in den Außenbezirken Slumsiedlungen (Barrios)mit...

• Kansas City (Missouri) - geography.

  Major institutions of higher education in Kansas City are a branch (established in 1929) of the University of Missouri, Avila College (1916), Rockhurst College (1910),DeVry Institute of Technology (Missouri) (1931), and the Kansas City Art Institute (1885). Schools in neighboring suburbs include Park University (1875), in Parkville,and William Jewell College (1849), in Liberty. Baptist, Nazarene, and Methodist theological schools are also located in the area. Midwest Research Institute, one of t...

• Jordan (country) - country.

  whom belong to the Greek Orthodox Church, make up about 4 percent of the population. Islam is the state religion and Arabic the official language. C Education Jordan has made significant strides in education in recent decades, despite the influx of hundreds of thousands of refugees and the very large share of the nationalbudget assigned to the armed forces. Public education is free and compulsory between the ages of 6 and 15. At the secondary level, about 85 percent of the malechildren and 87 p...

• Äthiopien - geographie.

  Etwa 52 Prozent der Gesamtbevölkerung gehören dem christlichen Glauben an. In den nördlichen Provinzen ist das Christentum die vorherrschende Religion. Die äthiopischeKirche ist eine der ältesten und größten Ostkirchen. Sie wird von einem Patriarchen geleitet und steht in enger Verbindung zur koptischen Kirche in Ägypten. Bis zum Sturzdes Kaisers Haile Selassie 1974 war sie die Staatskirche von Äthiopien. In den südlichen Regionen dominiert der Islam; insgesamt gehören etwa 31 Prozent der Bevölk...

• Pérou

• 861 SUJETS-TEXTES DE L’ÉPREUVE DE PHILOSOPHIE AU BACCALAURÉAT

• Georgia (country) - country.

  1917. During the subsequent Soviet period, religious practice was strongly discouraged because the Soviet state was officially atheistic; however, the GeorgianOrthodox Church was allowed to function openly. Orthodox Christianity is the religion of about 58 percent of the Georgian population. Muslims represent about 19 percent of the country’s population, with ethnicAzerbaijanis, Kurds, and Ajars comprising the principal Muslim groups. Ajars are ethnic Georgians who converted to Islam in the 17th...

• Haiti - country.

  Haitian Creole and French are the official languages of Haiti. Haitian Creole, a French-based Creole with influences from West African languages, was made an officiallanguage under the 1987 constitution. It is the mother tongue for nearly the entire population of Haiti and the language of instruction in schools. French is spokenmainly as a second language by a small section of the population. B Religion About 80 percent of Haiti’s people are nominal Roman Catholics, many of them combining an Af...

• Automobile.

  Electric motors have been used to power automobiles since the late 1800s. Electric power supplied by batteries runs the motor, which rotates a driveshaft, the shaftthat transmits engine power to the axles. Commercial electric car models for specialized purposes were available in the 1980s. General Motors Corporation introduced amass-production all-electric car in the mid-1990s. Automobiles that combine two or more types of engines are called hybrids. A typical hybrid is an electric motor with ba...

• Berlin - geography.

  boroughs of Wedding and Tiergarten. Other important central areas include Kreuzberg and Friedrichshain, now united as the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough, andPrenzlauer Berg, now incorporated as a part of the Pankow borough. Tiergarten contains a large wooded park, a zoo, and a variety of public monuments as well as the large, modern Congress Hall and the Reichstag building, which wasbuilt from 1884 to 1894. The Reichstag and the surrounding area have undergone renovation to accommodate the Bun...

• Labor Union.

  B The Legal Environment The legal environment, which permits certain types of union activities and prohibits others, also influences the extent of union organization. States with right-to-worklaws have much lower unionization rates than other states. In the United States, the states with the lowest unionization rates are North Carolina, South Carolina, SouthDakota, and Arkansas—states that have right-to-work laws. In 2000 the unionization rate in these states ranged from 4.44 percent to 6.7 per...

• Lebanon (country) - country.

  during the civil war. Within the country, thousands of Shia Muslim refugees fled fighting in southern Lebanon in the 1990s and moved into shantytowns in Beirut’ssouthern suburbs. Lebanon’s major cities were greatly affected by the civil war. Beirut has gradually regained most of its prewar population and remains the country’s largest city. Tripoli,the northern port, is the second largest city. Jūniyah, north of Beirut, was developed as a wartime port and subsequently had a population boom. Za ḩl...

• Washington, D.

  structures built according to L’Enfant’s plan. During the War of 1812, British troops set fire to the White House, destroying its interior. President James Madison and hisfamily lived in the Octagon while the White House was being rebuilt. South of the Federal Triangle is the Mall, a narrow park stretching roughly 1.6 km (1 mi) from the Capitol to the Washington Monument. Although the Mall officially endsat 14th Street, landscaped greenery extends to the Potomac. The Washington Monument, whose m...

• Iraq - country.

  The Euphrates begins in Turkey, crosses Syria, and enters Iraq at Abū Kam āl. The flow of the Euphrates into Iraq has been greatly reduced by dams built by Turkeyand Syria. The gradient of the Euphrates above the town of H īt, in west central Iraq, is steep. In the 2,640 km (1,640 mi) from its source in Turkey to H īt, the river fallsfrom 3,000 m (10,000 ft) to a low water elevation of 50 m (170 ft) above sea level, an average drop of 1 m per km (6 ft per mi). In Iraq below H īt the fall is very...

• El Salvador - country.

  III PEOPLE The Spanish subjugated the native population of El Salvador in the 16th century. Few Spanish women came to the country, however, so many Spanish men took NativeAmerican women as their mates. Today nearly 90 percent of the population is mestizo , of mixed European and Native American descent. People of purely Native American descent represent about 5 to 10 percent of the population, while people of European descent represent only about 1 percent. El Salvador’s population, 5.2 millio...

• Newfoundland and Labrador - Geography.

  Precipitation averages about 1,120 mm (about 44 in) yearly in Newfoundland. In Labrador precipitation varies from about 1,020 mm (about 40 in) in the southeast toabout 510 mm (about 20 in) in the extreme north. Heavy winter snowfalls are common, especially in Newfoundland. D Plant Life About one-third of Newfoundland is forested, and most of the rest of the island is made up of barren areas of reindeer moss and lichens. The forests consist almostentirely of conifers. The most important species...

• Newfoundland and Labrador - Canadian History.

  Precipitation averages about 1,120 mm (about 44 in) yearly in Newfoundland. In Labrador precipitation varies from about 1,020 mm (about 40 in) in the southeast toabout 510 mm (about 20 in) in the extreme north. Heavy winter snowfalls are common, especially in Newfoundland. D Plant Life About one-third of Newfoundland is forested, and most of the rest of the island is made up of barren areas of reindeer moss and lichens. The forests consist almostentirely of conifers. The most important species...

• Los Angeles - geography.

  (2006 population, 472,494), located east of the Port of Los Angeles. The city of Compton (95,701) is located north of Long Beach, on the east side of the AlamedaCorridor. On the other side of the corridor are the cities of Torrance (142,350) and Inglewood (114,914). Northwest of Inglewood and west of downtown Los Angeles are the wealthy and fashionable Santa Monica (88,050) and Beverly Hills (34,979). Both cities are enclaves:Santa Monica is surrounded by the City of Los Angeles to the north, ea...

• Los Angeles - geography.

  (2006 population, 472,494), located east of the Port of Los Angeles. The city of Compton (95,701) is located north of Long Beach, on the east side of the AlamedaCorridor. On the other side of the corridor are the cities of Torrance (142,350) and Inglewood (114,914). Northwest of Inglewood and west of downtown Los Angeles are the wealthy and fashionable Santa Monica (88,050) and Beverly Hills (34,979). Both cities are enclaves:Santa Monica is surrounded by the City of Los Angeles to the north, ea...

• Canada.

  Six general landform regions are distinguishable in Canada: the Appalachian Region, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Canadian Shield, the Great Plains,the Canadian Cordillera, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. B1 Appalachian Region and Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands Eastern Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Appalachian Region embraces Newfoundland Island, NovaScotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and the G...

• Canada - country.

  Six general landform regions are distinguishable in Canada: the Appalachian Region, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Canadian Shield, the Great Plains,the Canadian Cordillera, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. B1 Appalachian Region and Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands Eastern Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Appalachian Region embraces Newfoundland Island, NovaScotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and the G...

• Canada - Canadian History.

  Six general landform regions are distinguishable in Canada: the Appalachian Region, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Canadian Shield, the Great Plains,the Canadian Cordillera, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. B1 Appalachian Region and Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands Eastern Canada consists of the Appalachian Region and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Appalachian Region embraces Newfoundland Island, NovaScotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and the G...

• Puerto Rico - geography.

  the length of the day remains fairly constant throughout the year. San Juan has a mean July temperature of 28°C (83°F) and a mean January temperature of 25°C (77°F). The average temperature of the seawater surrounding theisland is 27°C (81°F), with little variation during the course of the year. The entire island is cooled by the trade winds from the northeast. This air also contains much water vapor. As the air is forced to rise over the mountains, it becomescooler and the water vapor condenses...