272 résultats pour "bill"

• Lyndon B.

  A1 First Years in Office Johnson quickly made a two-fold reputation. He was a firm supporter of Roosevelt’s program, both domestic and foreign, and he was also a tireless worker on behalf ofthe voters he represented. Often the two activities coincided, as was the case when he helped to bring public power into Texas through the Rural ElectrificationAdministration and the Lower Colorado River Authority. He also secured funds for the building of dams, roads, and other public improvements in his di...

• American Revolution.

  C1 The South Southern agriculture was founded on the cultivation of tobacco, wheat, and corn in Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina, and of rice and indigo (a blue dye) in SouthCarolina and Georgia. There was a large demand for these crops in Europe. These crops were cultivated with the help of black slaves imported from Africa. The whiteplanter class in the South was the most powerful, both politically and economically. C2 The North Wheat was the main cash crop of the mid-Atlantic colonies...

• American Revolution - U.

  C1 The South Southern agriculture was founded on the cultivation of tobacco, wheat, and corn in Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina, and of rice and indigo (a blue dye) in SouthCarolina and Georgia. There was a large demand for these crops in Europe. These crops were cultivated with the help of black slaves imported from Africa. The whiteplanter class in the South was the most powerful, both politically and economically. C2 The North Wheat was the main cash crop of the mid-Atlantic colonies...

• États-Unis 1994-1995 Débâcle électorale pour Bill Clinton L'année 1994 devait être celle des grandes réformes. Elle avait débuté sous de...

  États-Unis 1994-1995 Débâcle électorale pour Bill Clinton L'année 1994 devait être celle des grandes réformes. Elle avait débuté sous de bons auspices pour le président Bill Clinton: l'économie américaine avait renoué avec la croissance, et, fort d'une série de succès politiques, en particulier concernant l'ALENA (Accord de libre-échange nord-américain), il avait entamé l'année avec 60% d'opinions favorables. Pourtant, au fil des mois, sa popularité ne cessait de s'effriter et, lors des électio...

• Native American Policy.

  of white settlement dominated policy during the second quarter of the 19th century. IV REMOVAL PERIOD The idea of moving Native Americans to a different part of the country was not new. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, President Thomas Jefferson had suggestedthat tracts of land in this vast new territory could be given to native peoples if they agreed to cede their lands in the eastern part of the country. Transfers occurred in apiecemeal way, but no consistent removal program developed u...

• President of the United States.

  Democrats and Republicans—select delegates to attend their party conventions. Primary voters and caucus participants choose delegates who will support their favoredcandidate at the convention. The party conventions, held in the summer before the November general election, formally nominate the winner of the primaries andcaucuses. Would-be candidates crisscross the states that hold the earliest primaries, especially New Hampshire, which holds the country’s first primary, usually in mid-February....

• 1996 : Politique française - LES ILLUSIONS PERDUES

  dent français a dû ten ir compte de la proposi­ tion, émise par son prédécesseur Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, de décrocher ni plus ni moins le franc du deutschemark. Cette suggestion peu ortho­ doxe, en rupture avec la doctrine du franc fort, avait reçu un accueil enthousiaste sur les bancs de l'Assemblée nationale, et principalement sur ceux du RPR, mais aussi auprès de Philippe Seguin, président de l'Assemblée et adversaire de la politique éco nomiq ue...

• western - cinéma.

  Sujet à de multiples variations, le western rassemble son identité autour du thème originel de la conquête des territoires indiens par les pionniers américains ; l’opposition entre l’« état de nature » (incarné par les Indiens d’Amérique, les Amérindiens) et la « civilisation » (la culture occidentale amenée par les pionniers) se joue sur la notion de frontière, véritable territoire où a lieu la confrontation. Du tout premier film réalisé en 1903 par Edwin S. Porter — l’Attaque du grand rapide...

• National Basketball Association Records.

  Elmore Smith 1973-74 4.85 Mark Eaton 1985-86 4.61 Hakeem Olajuwon 1989-90 4.59 Dikembe Mutombo 1995-96 4.49 David Robinson 1991-92 4.49 Hakeem Olajuwon 1991-92 4.34 Manute Bol 1988-89 4.31 Tree Rollins 1982-83 4.29 1. Introduced in the 1979-80 season.2. Did not become an official statistic until 1973-74 season. Source: National Basketball Association.. NBA Records - Career.Player Total Points Kareem Abdul-Jabbar 38,387 Karl Malone 36,928 Michael Jordan 32,292 Wilt Chamberlain 31,419 Moses Mal...

• National Basketball Association Records.

  Elmore Smith 1973-74 4.85 Mark Eaton 1985-86 4.61 Hakeem Olajuwon 1989-90 4.59 Dikembe Mutombo 1995-96 4.49 David Robinson 1991-92 4.49 Hakeem Olajuwon 1991-92 4.34 Manute Bol 1988-89 4.31 Tree Rollins 1982-83 4.29 1. Introduced in the 1979-80 season.2. Did not become an official statistic until 1973-74 season. Source: National Basketball Association.. NBA Records - CareerPlayer Total Points Kareem Abdul-Jabbar 38,387 Karl Malone 36,928 Michael Jordan 32,292 Wilt Chamberlain 31,419 Moses Malo...

• Pro Football Hall of Fame.

  Griese, Bob Quarterback 1990 Groza, Lou Offensive Tackle/Placekicker 1974 Guyon, Joe Halfback 1966 Halas, George Contributor 1963 Ham, Jack Linebacker 1988 Hampton, Dan Defensive End/Defensive Tackle 2002 Hannah, John Guard 1991 Harris, Franco Running Back 1990 Haynes, Mike Cornerback 1997 Healey, Ed Tackle 1964 Hein, Mel Center 1963 Hendricks, Ted Linebacker 1990 Henry, Wilbur (Pete) Tackle 1963 Herber, Arnie Quarterback 1966 Hewitt, Bill End 1971 Hickerson, Gene Guard 2007 Hinkle, Clarke Fullb...

• Pro Football Hall of Fame.

  Griese, Bob Quarterback 1990 Groza, Lou Offensive Tackle/Placekicker 1974 Guyon, Joe Halfback 1966 Halas, George Contributor 1963 Ham, Jack Linebacker 1988 Hampton, Dan Defensive End/Defensive Tackle 2002 Hannah, John Guard 1991 Harris, Franco Running Back 1990 Haynes, Mike Cornerback 1997 Healey, Ed Tackle 1964 Hein, Mel Center 1963 Hendricks, Ted Linebacker 1990 Henry, Wilbur (Pete) Tackle 1963 Herber, Arnie Quarterback 1966 Hewitt, Bill End 1971 Hickerson, Gene Guard 2007 Hinkle, Clarke Fullb...

• Gerald Ford.

  In May 1973 the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Activities opened hearings and in a series of startling revelations, Dean testified that Mitchell had ordered thebreak-in and that the president had authorized payments to the burglars to keep them quiet. The Nixon administration vehemently denied these assertions. In March 1974 a grand jury indicted Mitchell, Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and four other White House officials for their part in covering up the Watergate break-in andreferred to Nixon...

• Gerald Ford

  In May 1973 the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Activities opened hearings and in a series of startling revelations, Dean testified that Mitchell had ordered thebreak-in and that the president had authorized payments to the burglars to keep them quiet. The Nixon administration vehemently denied these assertions. In March 1974 a grand jury indicted Mitchell, Haldeman, Ehrlichman, and four other White House officials for their part in covering up the Watergate break-in andreferred to Nixon...

• Animal Behavior - biology.

  The first motor program analyzed in much detail was the egg-rolling response of geese. When a goose sees an egg outside its nest, it stares at the egg, stretches itsneck until its bill is just on the other side of the egg, and then gently rolls the egg back into the nest. At first glance this seems a thoughtful and intelligent piece ofbehavior, but it is a mechanical motor program; almost any smooth, rounded object (the sign stimulus) will release the response. Furthermore, removal of the egg on...

• LA PSYCHOLOGIE DE L'ENFANT PIAGET (début 20ème) : avant d'être un spécialiste de l'enfant, il était spécialiste des grenouilles.

  Exemple : le fait de mettre autant de billes dans 2 vases différents : l’enfant pense qu’il y a plus de billes dans le vase le plus haut. Pré-opératoire = stade des préoccupations perceptives . L’enfant est victime de ses illusions optiques.  7 ans – 12 ans : le stade des opérations concrètes L’enfant atteint la réversibilité. Exemple : l’enfant saura qu’il y a autant de billes dans l es 2 vases. L’enfant est moins sensible à ce qu’il voit qu’à la l...

• MÉCANIQUE QUANTIQUE

  2 2 Planck arriva au bon résultat en imaginant que l'énergie émise à une fréquence donnée ne pouvait qu'être un multiple entier d'un quantum d'énergie, proportionnel à la fréquence émise. La constante de proportionnalité est ce que l'on appelle maintenant la « constante de Planck », universellement notée h et dont la valeur est environ 6x10 -34 joule seconde. La fréquence de la lumière visible étant de l'ordre de 10 15 hertz, les quanta d'énergie ainsi introduits ont une valeur d'environ 10 -...

• Grand oral du bac : Les institutions des États-Unis

  • Dix de ces amendements sont ratifiés en 1791. lis constituent la Déclaration des droits ou Bill of Rights . Y sont consignées les libertés fondamentales auxquelles les Américains sont attachés : la liberté de culte, la liberté d'opinion , la liberté de la presse, la liberté de manifestation , le droit de porter une arme, la protection des accusés contre les abus du pouvoir judiciaire. • L'objectif clairement affiché de cette déclaration était de restrein...

• Canadian Football Hall of Fame.

  Fieldgate, Norm Player 1979 Fleming, Willie Player 1982 Flutie, Darren Player 2007 Forster, Sidney (Sid) Builder 2001 Foulds, William Builder 1963 Frank, Bill Player 2001 Fulton, Greg Builder 1995 Gabriel, Tony Peter Player 1985 Gaines, Gene Player 1994 Gall, Hugh Player 1963 Gaudaur, Jake Builder 1984 George, Ed Player 2005 Gibson, Frank Builder 1996 Golab, Tony Player 1964 Grant, Bud Builder 1983 Grant, Tommy Player 1995 Grey, Herbert Player 1983 Gray, Lord Earl Builder 1963 Griffing, Dean Pla...

• Canadian Football Hall of Fame.

  Fieldgate, Norm Player 1979 Fleming, Willie Player 1982 Flutie, Darren Player 2007 Forster, Sidney (Sid) Builder 2001 Foulds, William Builder 1963 Frank, Bill Player 2001 Fulton, Greg Builder 1995 Gabriel, Tony Peter Player 1985 Gaines, Gene Player 1994 Gall, Hugh Player 1963 Gaudaur, Jake Builder 1984 George, Ed Player 2005 Gibson, Frank Builder 1996 Golab, Tony Player 1964 Grant, Bud Builder 1983 Grant, Tommy Player 1995 Grey, Herbert Player 1983 Gray, Lord Earl Builder 1963 Griffing, Dean Pla...

• CONSTITUTION (États-Unis)

  • Dix de ces amendements sont ratifiés en 1791. lis constituent la Déclaration des droits ou Bill of Rights. Y sont consignées les libertés fondamentales auxquelles les Américains sont attachés : la liberté de culte, la liberté d'opinion , la liberté de la presse , la liberté de manifestation, le droit de porter une arme , la protection des accusés contre les abus du pouvoir judiciaire. • l'objectif clairement affiché de cette déclaration était de restre...

• George W. Bush, PDG de l'Amérique

  confie en privé avoir vécu 36 jours « très durs, mais qui feront de lui un meilleur président ». A la veille de son inauguration, il donne aux journalistes de USA Today et du Wall Street Journal qu'il reçoit longuement uneimpression de grande confiance en lui, tout en faisant part de son « humilité » : « il ne paraît pas du tout ébranlé par la tournurechaotique de sa victoire », note l'une des journalistes. La transition, de la mi-décembre à la mi-janvier, est plus révélatrice encore. Mené...

• Duck - biology.

  from water. When ducks feed they push their tongue against the top of their mouth to squeeze water through the lamellae, leaving the food behind. Mergansers arefish-eating ducks with slender bills that are notched on the edges like the blade of a saw. These saw-toothed beaks help the ducks catch and hold their slippery prey. VI COURTSHIP AND REPRODUCTION Ducks form pairs long enough to mate, but most species find new mates each year. In a few species, including buffleheads and whistling ducks,...

• Cuba 1996-1997 La réélection de Bill Clinton en novembre 1996 n'a en rien modifié la politique américaine envers Cuba. La...

  Cuba 1996-1997 La réélection de Bill Clinton en novembre 1996 n'a en rien modifié la politique américaine envers Cuba. La loi Helms-Burton est restée une source de tensions très sérieuses entre l'Union européenne (UE), le Canada, le Mexique, le Japon d'une part, et les États-Unis d'autre part. Or, cette législation ne peut être annulée sans l'approbation des deux chambres du Congrès américain. Avec une majorité républicaine au Sénat, cet objectif est apparu impossible à atteindre. Le compromis...

• 1992: Clinton président des États-Unis

  En matière de politique intérieur e, beaucoup de ses projets, notamment dans le doma ine de la sa nté, ne peu vent être menés à terme, ou sont profondément modifiés. Il n'est donc pas étonnant que pour la premièr e fois depuis 19 54, les démo crates perdent leur majorité dans les deux chambr es du Congrès. Fin 1995, à la suite de l'échec de l' accord entre Clinton et le Congrès rass emblé autour de son porte­ par ole républ icain Newt Gingrich sur l...

• Golfe (guerres du).

  soutenir les révoltes des minorités chī‘ites et kurdes, qui furent durement réprimées. Complétez votre recherche en consultant : Les corrélats Égypte - Histoire - L'Égypte contemporaine États-Unis - Histoire - Les États-Unis de Jimmy Carter à Bill Clinton Israël - Histoire - Le processus de paix Les livres Golfe (guerres du), page 2188, volume 4 Koweït - puits de pétrole en feu, page 2760, volume 5 Koweït - libération, page 2760, volume 5 armée - char léger français AMX 10 à roues, p...

• Associated Press Athletes of the Year.

  1961 Wilma Rudolph track and field 1962 Dawn Fraser swimming 1963 Mickey Wright golf 1964 Mickey Wright golf 1965 Kathy Whitworth golf 1966 Kathy Whitworth golf 1967 Billie Jean King tennis 1968 Peggy Fleming skating 1969 Debbie Meyer swimming 1970 Chi Cheng track and field 1971 Evonne Goolagong tennis 1972 Olga Korbut gymnastics 1973 Billie Jean King tennis 1974 Chris Evert tennis 1975 Chris Evert tennis 1976 Nadia Comaneci gymnastics 1977 Chris Evert tennis 1978 Nancy Lopez golf 1979 Tracy Aus...

• Associated Press Athletes of the Year This award was first presented in 1931.

  1961 Wilma Rudolph track and field 1962 Dawn Fraser swimming 1963 Mickey Wright golf 1964 Mickey Wright golf 1965 Kathy Whitworth golf 1966 Kathy Whitworth golf 1967 Billie Jean King tennis 1968 Peggy Fleming skating 1969 Debbie Meyer swimming 1970 Chi Cheng track and field 1971 Evonne Goolagong tennis 1972 Olga Korbut gymnastics 1973 Billie Jean King tennis 1974 Chris Evert tennis 1975 Chris Evert tennis 1976 Nadia Comaneci gymnastics 1977 Chris Evert tennis 1978 Nancy Lopez golf 1979 Tracy Aus...

• Le western

  • 1991 Kevin Costner, qui avait déjà participé au succès de Silverado (Lawrence Kasdan, 1985), tourne Danse avec les loups. Le film prend résolument la défense des Indiens et dénonce leur persécution par l'armée américaine elles immigrants. C'est un triomphe. • 1991 Clint Eastwood tourne Impitoyable. Le film se situe dans la lignée des westerns crépusculaires et montre un héros fatigué, ancien tueur repenti reprenant du service. • 1995 Jim Jarmu...

• le western (Exposé – Art & Littérature – Collège/Lycée) IL ETAIT UNE FOIS DANS L'OUEST

  • 1991 Kevin Costner, qui avait déjà participé au succès de Silverado (Lawrence Kasdan, 1985), tourne Danse avec les loups. Le film prend résolument la défense des Indiens et dénonce leur persécution par l'armée américaine elles immigrants. C'est un triomphe . • 1991 Clint Eastwood tourne Impitoyable . Le film se situe dans la lignée des westerns crépusculaires et montre un héros fatigué, ancien tueur repenti reprenant du service. • 1995 Jim Ja...

• Panamá.

  Bunau-Varilla, l'État naissant concéda à son protecteur, moyennant des annuités, un couloir de 10 miles de large dit « zone du canal ». Cette opération fit du Panamá un satellite des États-Unis dont l'administration prit en charge le contrôle de toute la zone du canal. Face aux interventions fréquentes des États-Unis, qui n'hésitaient pas à envoyer les « marines » (1908, 1912, 1918) pour le maintien de l'ordre, le nationalisme panaméen se développa rapidement, surtout après 1921, date à laquelle...

• Vocabulaire: COLLER, verbe.

  (L?ON FRAPI?, La Maternelle, 1904, page 183 ). Des filaments de mousse collaient les pages humides, ? la forte odeur moisie (JULIEN GRACQ, Le Rivage des Syrtes, 1951, page 202) : ? 2.... l'homme porte une croix, et l'on entend son r?le; ses pieds dans les cailloux saignent; ses yeux noy?s pleurent, pleins de crachats qu'on n'a pas essuy?s; le sang colle et noircit ses cheveux sur sa tempe; et l'homme, que la croix accable, tombe, rampe, se tra?ne, et sur ses mains retombe, et par moments ne p...

• La rencontre des premiers occupants de l'Amérique du Nord avec les Européens n'a pas échappé au schéma classique de la colonisation : privations de territoires, déplacements de populations, guerres et guérillas.

  systématiquement violés par les Blancs, et le gouvernement américain procéda à la déportation des tribus indiennes de l'Est. La conquête de l'Ouest s'accompagna de violents combats et de nombreux massacres. En Californie, la « ruée vers l'or », à partir de 1848, aboutit à un véritable génocide. Les dernières tribus indiennes qui résistaient à la conquête, comme les Apaches d'Arizona et du Nouveau-Mexique, furent vaincues dans les années 1880 (défaite de Geronimo, 1886). Après leur dé...

• Stevenson: From Treasure Island - anthology.

  air in front of him: ‘Will any kind friend inform a poor blind man, who has lost the precious sight of his eyes in the gracious defence of his native country, England, and God bless KingGeorge!—where or in what part of this country he may now be?’ ‘You are at the “Admiral Benbow,” Black Hill Cove, my good man,’ said I. ‘I hear a voice,’ said he—‘a young voice. Will you give me your hand, my kind young friend, and lead me in?’ I held out my hand, and the horrible, soft-spoken, eye...

• The Undefeated Dolphins.

  The Dolphins weren't seriously challenged during the remainder of the regular season. They defeated the St. Louis Cardinals, 31-10; the Patriots, 37-21; the NewYork Giants, 23-13; and the Colts, 16-0. In the playoffs Miami defeated the Cleveland Browns, 20-14, and then captured the American Football Conference (AFC)championship by downing the Pittsburgh Steelers, 21-17. Miami's opponent in Super Bowl VII was the Washington Redskins. The Redskins had finished the regular season with an 11-3 r...

• Impeachment.

  In February 1868 the U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson and appointed a committee to preparearticles of impeachment. The House passed 11 articles of impeachment against Johnson in March 1868. Ten of the articles concerned the president’s alleged violation ofthe Tenure of Office Act, an 1867 statute that required the president to seek congressional approval before dismissing officials confirmed by the Senate. The othercharge against J...

• Sir Charles Tupper.

  campaign, Macdonald asked him to become minister of finance. He was then sent to Washington, D.C., as leader of the Canadian delegation to settle a fisheries disputewith the United States. A treaty was worked out and signed, but the U.S. Senate refused to ratify it. Tupper had already become a Knight Commander of St. Michaeland St. George in 1879, and he received the Knight Grand Cross of St. Michael and St. George in 1886. For his services in Washington he was given the hereditary titleof baron...

• Sir Charles Tupper - Canadian History.

  campaign, Macdonald asked him to become minister of finance. He was then sent to Washington, D.C., as leader of the Canadian delegation to settle a fisheries disputewith the United States. A treaty was worked out and signed, but the U.S. Senate refused to ratify it. Tupper had already become a Knight Commander of St. Michaeland St. George in 1879, and he received the Knight Grand Cross of St. Michael and St. George in 1886. For his services in Washington he was given the hereditary titleof baron...

• Business.

  The most common form of ownership is a sole proprietorship —that is, a business owned by one individual. At the beginning of the 21st century, there were more than 17 million sole proprietorships in the United States. These businesses have the advantage of being easy to set up and to dissolve because few laws exist to regulatethem. Proprietors, as owners, also maintain direct control of their businesses and own all their profits. On the other hand, owners of proprietorships are personallyrespon...

• Democratic Party.

  At the beginning of the 20th century the Democrats’ minority position among voters remained central to their existence. The Progressive split in Republican rankshelped elect Woodrow Wilson twice, but the entry of the United States into World War I ended that. The war, popular at first, backfired against the Wilsonadministration when large numbers of German Americans and Irish Americans protested with their votes against U.S. involvement on England’s side. The result wasanother Republican landsli...

• From Moby Dick - anthology.

  'My song for ever shall recordThat terrible, that joyful hour;I give the glory to my God,His all the mercy and the power.' Nearly all joined in singing this hymn, which swelled high above the howling of the storm. A brief pause ensued; the preacher slowly turned over the leaves of theBible, and at last, folding his hand down upon the proper page, said: 'Beloved shipmates, clinch the last verse of the first chapter of Jonah—'And God had prepared agreat fish to swallow up Jonah.' 'Shipmate...

• Jean Chrétien.

  In 1969, when Chrétien introduced policy proposals based on this principle, indigenous peoples reacted with such hostility that he ultimately had to withdraw theproposals. Despite this and other clashes with indigenous leaders, Chrétien continued to work at improving the government relations with them. By the time he left theDepartment of Indian and Northern Affairs in 1974, he had earned their respect and appreciation for his efforts. Following the 1974 election, Trudeau appointed Chrétien pres...

• Jean Chrétien - Canadian History.

  In 1969, when Chrétien introduced policy proposals based on this principle, indigenous peoples reacted with such hostility that he ultimately had to withdraw theproposals. Despite this and other clashes with indigenous leaders, Chrétien continued to work at improving the government relations with them. By the time he left theDepartment of Indian and Northern Affairs in 1974, he had earned their respect and appreciation for his efforts. Following the 1974 election, Trudeau appointed Chrétien pres...

• James Monroe.

  In October 1786, Monroe resigned from Congress and settled with his bride in Fredericksburg, Virginia, where he began a law practice. His retirement from politics wasbrief. He was soon elected to the town council, and then once again to the Virginia legislature. However, Monroe never lost touch with national politics. He corresponded regularly with both Jefferson and Madison. In 1786 Monroe attended the AnnapolisConvention, which had been called to consider interstate commerce and other matters...

• James Monroe - USA History.

  In October 1786, Monroe resigned from Congress and settled with his bride in Fredericksburg, Virginia, where he began a law practice. His retirement from politics wasbrief. He was soon elected to the town council, and then once again to the Virginia legislature. However, Monroe never lost touch with national politics. He corresponded regularly with both Jefferson and Madison. In 1786 Monroe attended the AnnapolisConvention, which had been called to consider interstate commerce and other matters...

• Jazz - Musik.

  Pianist und Komponist Jelly Roll Morton. Zu einer der einflussreichsten Persönlichkeiten des Jazz sollte später jedoch King Olivers zweiter Trompeter Louis Armstrongwerden. 4.2 Louis Armstrong und sein Einfluss Der erste virtuose Solist des Jazz, der Trompeter und Sänger Louis Armstrong, war ein atemberaubender Improvisator, sowohl in technischer als auch in emotionaler undintellektueller Hinsicht. Er veränderte das Bild des Jazz entscheidend, indem er den Solisten in den Mittelpunkt rückte. Se...

• Johnson Bill

• Forrester Bill

• Max Bill

• À la suite de la démission du Premier ministre, Bill Skate, le 7 juillet 1999, le Parlement a élu le...

  À la suite de la démission du Premier ministre, Bill Skate, le 7 juillet 1999, le Parlement a élu le 14 juillet Sir Mekere Morauta (Mouvement démocratique) à la tête du gouvernement. M. Morauta, qui a hérité d'une situation économique et financière désastreuse, a renoué des liens avec les principaux bailleurs de fonds,...