215 résultats pour "particularités"
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Parkinson Disease.
III SYMPTOMS Parkinson disease most notably affects motor control (muscle activity). The disease progresses differently for each individual—symptoms develop swiftly in some peopleand slowly in others. Some Parkinson patients may develop problems that affect their intellect or ability to reason, or they may suffer from depression or anxiety. A Motor Control Problems Doctors look for the presence of four principal symptoms in patients they suspect may have Parkinson disease. Tremor (the involun...
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Genetics - biology.
construct identical buildings. Just as each contractor would require a full copy of the blueprint to construct a complete building, each new cell needs a complete copy ofan organism’s genetic information to function properly. Organisms use two types of cell division to ensure that DNA is passed down from cell to cell during reproduction. Simple one-celled organisms and other organisms thatreproduce asexually—that is, without the joining of cells from two different organisms—reproduce by a proces...
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Animal Behavior - biology.
The first motor program analyzed in much detail was the egg-rolling response of geese. When a goose sees an egg outside its nest, it stares at the egg, stretches itsneck until its bill is just on the other side of the egg, and then gently rolls the egg back into the nest. At first glance this seems a thoughtful and intelligent piece ofbehavior, but it is a mechanical motor program; almost any smooth, rounded object (the sign stimulus) will release the response. Furthermore, removal of the egg on...
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Immigration.
1655, only to lose all of their North American colonies to the British in 1664. These early colonies were often quite cosmopolitan, drawing settlers from many nations.When the English seized New Amsterdam, the city was home to perhaps 1500 residents, including Walloons, Huguenots, Swedes, Dutchmen, and African Americans. C The French and Spanish The French and Spanish also established colonies in North America. The Spanish established the oldest permanent European settlement in Saint Augustine,...
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Immigration - U.
1655, only to lose all of their North American colonies to the British in 1664. These early colonies were often quite cosmopolitan, drawing settlers from many nations.When the English seized New Amsterdam, the city was home to perhaps 1500 residents, including Walloons, Huguenots, Swedes, Dutchmen, and African Americans. C The French and Spanish The French and Spanish also established colonies in North America. The Spanish established the oldest permanent European settlement in Saint Augustine,...
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Fascism.
values as coming before a radical political transformation. Others argue that a radical political transformation will then be followed by a change in values. Fascists claimthat the nation has entered a dangerous age of mediocrity, weakness, and decline. They are convinced that through their timely action they can save the nation fromitself. Fascists may assert the need to take drastic action against a nation's 'inner' enemies. Fascists promise that with their help the national crisis will end an...
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Les particularités des Caractères de La Bruyère
Les particularités des « Caractères » de La Bruyère. 1- Une esthétique de la brièveté Les auteurs moralistes comme La Rochefoucauld et La Bruyère ont renoncé à écrire des « traités » continus pour choisir des formes brèves, ramassées. C’est une écriture discontinue. - L’écriture brève peut séduire un public rétif aux longs discours. L’écriture brève est une incitation pour le lecteur à continuer, à achever cette réflexion. La forme des caractères : une écriture par petites touches....
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Human Evolution - biology.
classified as Plesiadapiformes—evolved at least 65 million years ago. The earliest primates evolved by about 55 million years ago, and fossil species similar to lemursevolved during the Eocene Epoch (about 55 million to 38 million years ago). Strepsirhines share all of the basic characteristics of primates, although their brains are notparticularly large or complex and they have a more elaborate and sensitive olfactory system (sense of smell) than do other primates. B Haplorhines B1 Tarsiers T...
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Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Akrasia
apparent contradiction. Certainly, though, VII 3 does make it seem as though Aristotle is inclined to deny that there can be such a thing as utterly clear-eyed akrasia - the calm, deliberate and intentional performance of an action known not to be in one's own best interests. The chapter is largely concerned with the application to the problemof akrasia of two distinctions, one rooted in Aristotle's doctrine of the practical syllogism, the other concerned with a contrast between the mere po...
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Genética - ciencias de la naturaleza.
5 HERENCIA CUANTITATIVA Los caracteres que se expresan como variaciones en cantidad o extensión, como el peso, la talla o el grado de pigmentación, suelen depender de muchos genes, así comode las influencias del medio. Con frecuencia, los efectos de genes distintos parecen ser aditivos, es decir, parece que cada gen produce un pequeño incremento o descensoindependiente de los otros genes. Por ejemplo, la altura de una planta puede estar determinada por una serie de cuatro genes: A, B, C y D....
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Colleges and Universities.
and (3) large universities that include undergraduate programs in addition to graduate and professional schools. D Graduate and Professional Schools Professional schools are typically divisions of large universities. They offer specialized education in a variety of professional fields, such as education, business, medicine,law, social work, agriculture, journalism, architecture, fine arts, nursing, engineering, and music. Some professional schools offer four- or five-year programs leading toa b...
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Drug.
I
INTRODUCTION
Drug, substance that affects the function of living cells, used
normalizing chemical activity in the emotional centers of the brain. Antianxiety drugs, also referred to as tranquilizers, treat anxiety by decreasing the activity in theanxiety centers of the brain. Sedative-hypnotic drugs are used both as sedatives to reduce anxiety and as hypnotics to induce sleep. Sedative-hypnotic drugs act by reducing brain-cell activity.Stimulant drugs, on the other hand, increase neuronal (nerve cell) activity and reduce fatigue and appetite. Analgesic drugs reduce pain...
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Culture.
form of knowledge, such as scientific discoveries; objects, such as works of art; and traditions, such as the observance of holidays. C1 Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism Self-identity usually depends on culture to such a great extent that immersion in a very different culture—with which a person does not share common ways of life orbeliefs—can cause a feeling of confusion and disorientation. Anthropologists refer to this phenomenon as culture shock. In multicultural societies —societies s...
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Constitution of the United States.
chief executive should have the power to veto legislation, should be elected by Congress or the people, should be eligible to run for reelection, and should command thearmed forces. Some delegates even hoped for a limited monarchy. Not until September 8, more than three months after the convention started, did the final shape ofthe presidency emerge: a single leader, elected to a four-year term and eligible for reelection, with authority to veto bills enacted by Congress. The president was alsog...
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Constitution of the United States - U.
chief executive should have the power to veto legislation, should be elected by Congress or the people, should be eligible to run for reelection, and should command thearmed forces. Some delegates even hoped for a limited monarchy. Not until September 8, more than three months after the convention started, did the final shape ofthe presidency emerge: a single leader, elected to a four-year term and eligible for reelection, with authority to veto bills enacted by Congress. The president was alsog...
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HEGEL: l'indépendance de l'Etat
Seconde partie (phrase n°4) 4) Les principes de l'esprit de chaque peuple sont essentiellement limités à cause de la particularité dans laquelle ils ontleur réalité objective et leur conscience de soi en tant qu'individus existants. Cette seconde partie est très obscure à cause du terme « esprit de peuple ». L'esprit d'un peuple est l'esprit qui naît au sein d'un peuple, chaque peuple a un esprit différent, selon ses institutions etc. Donc un esprit de peuple est particulier à chaque peuple. C...
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Concepts
suggested that concept possession need not consist in knowing a definition, but in appreciating the role of a concept in thought and practice. Moreover, he claimed, a concept need not apply to things by virtue of some closed set of features captured by a definition, but rather by virtue of ‘family resemblances' among the things, a suggestion that has given rise in psychology to ‘prototype' theories of concepts. Most traditional approaches to possession conditions have been concerned with t...
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Psychotherapy.
Other managed-care companies pay therapists a set fee to meet with a client for up to a specified maximum number of sessions depending on the nature of theproblem, free of interference from case reviewers. For example, a managed-care firm may pay a therapist $200 to hold up to eight sessions with a person. If the clientuses all eight sessions, the therapist normally loses money. But if treatment stops after two or three sessions, the therapist makes a profit. This relatively new system iscontrov...
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Medicine.
C Other Health Professionals Medicine is not restricted to physicians. A wide variety of health care practitioners work in this exciting field. By far the largest professional group is nurses. Registerednurses help physicians during examinations, treatment, and surgery. They observe, evaluate, and record patients’ symptoms, administer medications, and provideother care ( see Nursing). Nurse practitioners perform basic duties once reserved for physicians, such as diagnosing and treating common i...
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Archaeology.
Prehistoric archaeology is practiced by archaeologists known as prehistorians and deals with ancient cultures that did not have writing of any kind. Prehistory, a term coined by 19th-century French scholars, covers past human life from its origins up to the advent of written records. History—that is, the human past documented insome form of writing—began 5000 years ago in parts of southwestern Asia and as recently as the late 19th century AD in central Africa and parts of the Americas. Becaus...
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Evolución humana - ciencias de la naturaleza.
Los cambios genéticos pueden mejorar la capacidad de los organismos para sobrevivir, reproducirse y, en animales, criar a su descendencia. Este proceso se denominaadaptación. Los progenitores transmiten mutaciones genéticas adaptativas a su descendencia y finalmente estos cambios se generalizan en una población —un grupo de organismos de la misma especie que comparten un hábitat local particular. Existen numerosos factores que pueden favorecer nuevas adaptaciones, pero los cambios delentorno d...
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Anatomy.
The body defends itself against foreign proteins and infectious microorganisms by means of a complex dual system that depends on recognizing a portion of the surfacepattern of the invader. The two parts of the system are termed cellular immunity, in which lymphocytes are the effective agent, and humoral immunity, based on theaction of antibody molecules. When particular lymphocytes recognize a foreign molecular pattern (termed an antigen), they release antibodies in great numbers; other lymphocy...
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Confucian philosophy, Korean
neglected by more traditional Confucianism. Read with new eyes, an entirely new level of meaning was uncovered in the ancient texts: they discovered a Confucian foundation for the meditative cultivation of consciousness that had been a particular strength of the Buddhists, and to frame it and provide an account of sagehood equal to Buddhist talk of enlightenment, they found a complete metaphysical system, a Confucian version of the kind of thinking that had been elaborated mainly under Daoist au...
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Psychology.
Clinical psychology is dedicated to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of mental illnesses and other emotional or behavioral disorders. More psychologists work in this field than in any other branch of psychology. In hospitals, community clinics, schools, and in private practice, they use interviews and tests to diagnose depression,anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and other mental illnesses. People with these psychological disorders often suffer terribly. They experience disturbing symptoms t...
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Astronomy - astronomy.
Telescopes may use either lenses or mirrors to gather visible light, permitting direct observation or photographic recording of distant objects. Those that use lenses arecalled refracting telescopes, since they use the property of refraction, or bending, of light ( see Optics: Reflection and Refraction ). The largest refracting telescope is the 40-in (1-m) telescope at the Yerkes Observatory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, founded in the late 19th century. Lenses bend different colors of light by d...
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Dissertation: l'efficacité de la PUV
de conclure avec d’autres personnes pendant le temps de la promesse. C’est un outil de protection du promettant. C’est le cas par exemple dans une vente immobilière Au niveau de la jurisprudence , la Cour de Cassation considère qu’une indemnité d’immobilisation d’un montant trop élevé limite le droit d’option du bénéficiaire et transforme la promesse unilatérale de vente en promesse synallagmatique. Si l’option et l’indemnité d...
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Un critique a écrit : « le conte voltairien a cette particularité remarquable
que la fantaisie et la vérité intimement...
Un critique a écrit : « le conte voltairien a cette particularité remarquable que la fantaisie et la vérité intimement mêlées l'une à l'autre s'y renforcent mutuellement ». Vous expliquerez et commenterez cette phrase en fondant cette réflexion sur les contes philosophiques étudiés de Voltaire (Zadig, Candide et l'Ingénu). Un critique a écrit : « le conte voltairien a cette particularité remarquable que la fantaisie et la vérité intimement mêlées l'une à l'autre s'y renforcent mutuellement ». V...
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La structure narrative
Au plan structurel, Le Procès se déroule sous le signe de l'in
achèvement. Cette particularité narrative peut...
La structure narrative Au plan structurel, Le Procès se déroule sous le signe de l'in achèvement. Cette particularité narrative peut être considérée comme la marque des incertitudes du sens ménagées par Kafka. Nous allons voir en outre que Welles a enrichi ce procédé par toutes sortes de modifications, en particulier en ce qui concerne les lieux et les personnages. UNE STRUCTURE OUVERTE Kafka ne désirait pas publier Le Procès, mais il en a malgré tout fait paraître deux parties : « La légende...
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Geography - Geography.
Geographers have developed a standard pattern of map symbols for identifying such cultural features as homes, factories, and churches; dams, bridges, and tunnels;railways, highways, and travel routes; and mines, farms, and grazing lands. C Analyzing Geographic Information Techniques that use mathematics or statistics to analyze data are known as quantitative methods. The use of quantitative methods enables geographers to treat a largeamount of data and a large number of variables in an objectiv...
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Confucian philosophy, Japanese
1 Confucian philosophy in early Japan The earliest extant Japanese histories record that in AD 285 - the actual date was probably a century or so later - Wani, of the Korean kingdom of Paekche, brought copies of the Analects (Lunyu ; in Japanese, Rongo ) of Confucius and the Qianziwen (Thousand Character Classic; Senjimon in Japanese) from Korea to Japan ( Confucian philosophy, Korean ). Even though most scholarship on Japan tends to identify this introduction of Confucian texts with...
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Native American Religions.
In the worldview of most of the indigenous peoples of North America, there were also spiritual beings to be avoided. Native Americans of the Southwest in particular,such as the Navajo and Apache, dreaded contact with ghosts, who were believed to resent the living. These peoples disposed of the bodies of deceased relativesimmediately and attempted to distance themselves from the spirits of the dead, avoiding their burial sites, never mentioning their names, and even abandoning thedwellings in whi...
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Heredity - biology.
allele from the mother and a mutated allele from the father. In both of these cases, the child will be a carrier. The child develops the disease only if he or she receives amutated allele from each parent. When both parents are carriers, there is a 25 percent chance that a child will be disease-free, a 25 percent chance that it will have thedisease, and a 50 percent chance that it will be a carrier. Examples of genetic diseases that follow the dominant-recessive pattern include sickle-cell anemi...
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Social Psychology.
During the 1960s, American psychologist Stanley Milgram studied a form of social influence stronger than conformity: obedience to authority. In a famous series ofexperiments that attracted controversy about human research ethics, Milgram put each of 1,000 subjects into a situation in which they were ordered by anexperimenter to administer painful electric shocks to a confederate (who did not actually receive any shocks). The subjects in these studies were led to believe that theywere acting as '...
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Literary Criticism
I
INTRODUCTION
Literary Criticism, discussion of literature, including description, analysis, interpretation, and evaluation of literary works.
IV THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES The climate of criticism changed with the arrival on the literary scene of such giants as Miguel de Cervantes, Lope de Vega, and Pedro Calderòn in Spain; WilliamShakespeare, Ben Jonson, and John Milton in England; and Pierre Corneille, Jean Baptiste Racine, and Molière in France. Most of these writers specialized or excelled indrama, and consequently the so-called battle of the ancients and moderns—the critical comparison of Greek and Roman authors with more rece...
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Globalization.
higher living standard for their people. The World Bank made loans to developing countries for dams and other electrical-generating plants, harbor facilities, and otherlarge projects. These projects were intended to lower costs for private businesses and to attract investors. Beginning in 1968 the World Bank focused on low-cost loansfor health, education, and other basic needs of the world’s poor. B International Monetary Fund The IMF makes loans so that countries can maintain the value of thei...
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Cancer (medicine).
unable to repair the DNA damage, p53 instructs the cell to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis , putting a stop to runaway cell division before it starts. Programmed cell death is a normal part of cell life and is tightly controlled by many genes, primarily p53. In a cancerous cell, one or more mutations prevent these genes from doing their jobs. When mutated, p53 allows a cell to continue to divide, even with damaged DNA.This can lead to additional mutations in proto-oncogenes or tumor...
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Chemistry - chemistry.
parts of oxygen by weight, which is a ratio of about 1 to 8, regardless of whether the water came from the Mississippi River or the ice of Antarctica. In other words, acompound has a definite, invariable composition, always containing the same elements in the same proportions by weight; this is the law of definite proportions. Many elements combine in more than one ratio, giving different compounds. In addition to forming water, hydrogen and oxygen also form hydrogen peroxide.Hydrogen peroxide h...
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Italy - country.
C Natural Resources Italy is poor in natural resources. Much of the land is unsuitable for agriculture because of mountainous terrain or unfavorable climate. Italy, moreover, lacks substantialdeposits of basic natural resources such as coal, iron, and petroleum. Natural gas is the country’s most important mineral resource. Other deposits include feldspar andpumice. Many of Italy’s mineral deposits on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia had been heavily depleted by the early 1990s. Italy is rich...
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Qu'apportent les particularités de l'écriture au sens du roman?
178 Il. Le choix des points de vue Le point de vue interne à quelques personnages Même si le narrateur principal, qui ouvre et ferme le roman, peut se confondre avec l'auteur, le point de vue qu'il adopte n'en est pas pour autant un point de vue omniscient. Il rapporte une histoire sur laquelle il a enquêté, et dans laquelle il s'im plique souvent, devenant en quelque sorte personnage de son propre récit, et utilisant alors un point de vue...
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Solitude et communication
en vue de la recherche sincère de la vérité. La seconde, au contraire, est polémique et ne cherche qu'à réduirel'adversaire au silence. En ce sens, pour Platon, la pratique sophistique du dialogue n'est au fond qu'une formedéguisée de violence. « Chacun de nous a sa manière d'aimer et de haïr, et cet amour, cette haine,reflètent sa personnalité tout entière. Cependant le langage désigne ces étatspar les mêmes mots chez tous les hommes ; aussi n'a-t-il pu fixer que l'aspectobjectif et imperson...
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Qu'est-ce que faire le bonheur d'autrui ?
Dissertations 47 I - La puissance a) Il y a un moyen simple de faire le bonheur d'autrui : c'est de donner à chacun de ses désirs la satisfaction qui lui correspond. Le désir d'autrui est à chaque fois présupposé, il faut en être l'instrument. Ce que l'imagination résume en disant : pour faire le bonheur d'autrui, il faut lui fournir la lampe d'Aladin, qui figurè une puissance illimitée au service du désir. La satisfaction du désir ne requiert...
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Lettre à Ménécée
b) individuelle : tout homme étant unique, soit un être absolument singulier, il entre dans les déterminations de son bonheur les particularités liées à sa nature 8 et à sa condition. Ce dont attestent les propriétés, les particularités de ses désirs. Le désir est par essence immodéré, parfois démesuré , mais surtout affecté d’une variabilité élevée et contingent . Plus grave quand il est empêché et ne trouve pas satisfaction il est source de peine...
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La discussion permet-elle de lever tous les obstacles qui nous empêchent de comprendre autrui ?
Un sentiment (parmi les mille, évoqués ultérieurement) qui dit tout de la personnalité est, pense Bergson, l'amour (etson opposé, la haine), non pas traité en général, mais dans l'individualité (« chacun de nous ») qui nous appartienten propre (« sa » manière, « sa » personnalité) en tant que sujet. Cette particularité (que l'on sous-entend êtredifférente de l'un à l'autre) exprime cependant à chaque fois la totalité (la personnalité « tout entière »).La richesse du concret d'un sentiment véc...
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Cannibale
Séance 1 (1h) Objectifs : -Observer et trouver des informations avant même la lecture. -Sélectionner les informations qui seront utiles pour construire un axe de lecture. -Trouver un axe de lecture à partir des particularités et de la visée du texte. I. Le livre. -Observation en commun des éléments extérieurs de l’objet livre. 1) La couverture. Objectif : informer et intéresser le lecteur. a. Le nom de l’auteur. -Lecture de la courte biographie qui apparait au début du roman. Sélectionne...
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Suis-je un homme si je ne suis pas un citoyen ?
Introduction L'homme n'est pas seulement l'individu, il est aussi l'espèce. L'homme, bien que conscient de sa particularité, a conscience de son appartenance à ungroupe, groupe qui dès lors l'encadre dans une définition cons équente. L'homme ainsi serait cet être social, dont la vie pratique (éthique, morale) s erait lereflet des exigences imposées par le groupe. La vie de l'homme, en ce sens, s erait constamment guidée par cette définition sous-jacente de l'homme social,de citoyen, définit...
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L'analyse de l'exécution des contrats administratifs
_ Le pouvoir de modification unilatérale est un pouvoir reconnu à l ' administration pour modifier, en cours d ' exécution, l ' étendue des prestations à effectuer par le cocontractant. I l a pour effet soit une augmentation, soit une diminution de ces prestations. Moyens utilisés pour modifier unilatéralement le contrat: des actes administratifs unilatéraux individuels dénommés ordres de service. Une des particularités les plus remarquables...
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le parasitisme (Exposé – SVT – Collège/Lycée)
LES CARACTÉRISTIQUES DES PLANTES ÉPIPHYTES DES PLANTES COMMENSALE S • Par définition , les plantes épiphytes sont des espèces qui utilisent d 'autres plantes -des arbres le plus souvent - comme support . Ce ne sont donc pas des parasites . Profitant de leur hôte sans lui nuire , elles sont qualifiées de" commen sales "· • Les plantes épiphytes sont présente s dans de très nombreux milieux ; c'est toutefois dans les forêts tropicales humides qu'elles...
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Myriapodes ou mille-pattes) aptères (Exposé – SVT – Collège/Lycée)
fourmi, en se détachant. Ils arrivent à déceler les mouvements d'air pouvant annoncer une menace, par des sortes de détecteurs formés de petits cils présents à la surface du corps. Ils y réagissent en se déplaçant dans le sens opposé à la source du courant d'air . Les archéognathes utilisent leurs cerques terminaux comme appareil de saut, et se propulsent par contraction du thorax et de l'abdomen. MJi!.J,!I!§i!o]/1 Les aptères sont ovipares : les...
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Encyclopedia of Philosophy: METAPHYSICS (the system of aristotle)
study something as a being is to study something about which true predications can be made, precisely from thepoint of view of the possibility of making true predications of it. Aristotle's first philosopher is not making a study ofsome particular kind of being; he is studying everything, the whole of Being, precisely as such. Now an Aristotelian science is a science of causes, so that the science of Being qua being will be a science whichassigns the causes of there being any truths whatever abo...
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la matière et l'esprit
qui est perçu (vu, entendu, etc.) est alors appréhendé comme renvoyant à du non perceptible. D'autre part l'esprit est invoqué comme l'autre du concept ou de l'idée : même un système conceptuel peut se voir reconnaître un "esprit", alors irréductible à ce que la raison, comme faculté de formuler et de lier des concepts, peut en saisir. Ainsi par exemple d'une institution ou d'une époque. Elles sont manifestées au travers d'une matérialité sensible (lieux, bâtiments, emblèmes ; objet...