973 résultats pour "2008"

• Cours de droit Constitutionnel

• Myanmar - geografía.

  La población de Myanmar en 2008 era de 47.758.181 habitantes. La densidad demográfica media era de 73 hab/km², una de las más bajas del Extremo Oriente. El 69% dela población es rural; la mayoría de las áreas urbanas son en realidad pueblos agrícolas. 3.1 Características de la población La población indígena de Myanmar es fundamentalmente de raza mongoloide o xantoderma. Más de dos tercios de la población son birmanos, racialmente semejantes a lostibetanos y los chinos. Además, varias minorías...

• Asteroiden - Astronomie.

  Oberfläche der S-Typ-Asteroiden ist deutlich heller als beim C-Typ und setzt sich vor allem aus Silicaten zusammen. Vermutlich bestehen sie aus dem gleichen Material wiedie gewöhnlichen Chondriten, eine weitere Klasse von Steinmeteoriten. M-Typ (M für Metall): Etwa 5 Prozent aller Asteroiden zählen zum M-Typ und haben einen hohen Metallgehalt, vor allem Eisen und Nickel. Sie stammen vermutlich aus denKernen ehemaliger, geschmolzener Planeten, deren Bestandteile sich entmischten und deren äußere...

• Monaco - geographie.

  Schutzherrschaft, und 1793, während der Französischen Revolution, wurde es vollends von Frankreich annektiert, die Fürstenfamilie wurde enteignet. 1814 erhielten dieGrimaldi Besitz und Macht zurück; jedoch unterstellte der Wiener Kongress Monaco 1815 der Schutzherrschaft des Königreichs Sardinien. Als Sardinien 1861 im neu geschaffenen Königreich Italien aufging, erlosch die sardische Schutzherrschaft. Nun schloss Monaco einen Vertrag mit Frankreich, in demFrankreich Monaco als souveränes Fürste...

• Gewinner der Grand-Slam-Turniere (Damen).

  2004 Justine Henin-Hardenne Belgien 2005 Serena Williams USA 2006 Amélie Mauresmo Frankreich 2007 Serena Williams USA 2008 Maria Scharapowa Russland . French OpenJAHR SIEGERIN LAND 1897 Adine Masson Frankreich 1898 Adine Masson Frankreich 1899 Adine Masson Frankreich 1900 Yvonne Prevost Frankreich 1901 P. Girod Frankreich 1902 Adine Masson Frankreich 1903 Adine Masson Frankreich 1904 Katie Gilou Frankreich 1905 Katie Gilou Frankreich 1906 Katie Gilou Frankreich 1907 Clarissa de Kermel Frankreich...

• Wolf - biology.

  VIII RED WOLF The red wolf is smaller than the gray wolf. An adult red wolf stands about 65 cm (about 2 ft) high at the shoulder, measures 100 to 130 cm (3 to 4 ft) in lengthexcluding the tail, and weighs 20 to 36 kg (45 to 80 lb). It has long legs and ears and its head is not as wide as that of the gray wolf. The coat of red wolves varies incolor from light tan to black with reddish head, ears, and legs. Scientists have debated whether the red wolf is a subspecies of the gray wolf, a separate...

• Tennis Tournament Winners.

  1981 Johan Kriek 1982 Johan Kriek 1983 Mats Wilander 1984 Mats Wilander December 1985 Stefan Edberg January 1987 Stefan Edberg 1988 Mats Wilander 1989 Ivan Lendl 1990 Ivan Lendl 1991 Boris Becker 1992 Jim Courier 1993 Jim Courier 1994 Pete Sampras 1995 Andre Agassi 1996 Boris Becker 1997 Pete Sampras 1998 Petr Korda 1999 Yevgeny Kafelnikov 2000 Andre Agassi 2001 Andre Agassi 2002 Thomas Johansson 2003 Andre Agassi 2004 Roger Federer 2005 Marat Safin 2006 Roger Federer 2007 Roger Federer 2008 Nov...

• Gewinner der Grand-Slam-Turniere (Herren).

  1987 Stefan Edberg Schweden 1988 Mats Wilander Schweden 1989 Ivan Lendl Tschechoslowakei 1990 Ivan Lendl Tschechoslowakei 1991 Boris Becker Deutschland 1992 Jim Courier USA 1993 Jim Courier USA 1994 Pete Sampras USA 1995 Andre Agassi USA 1996 Boris Becker Deutschland 1997 Pete Sampras USA 1998 Petr Korda Tschechien 1999 Jewgeni Kafelnikow Russland 2000 Andre Agassi USA 2001 Andre Agassi USA 2002 Thomas Johansson Schweden 2003 Andre Agassi USA 2004 Roger Federer Schweiz 2005 Marat Safin Russland...

• Oman - geographie.

  Die Industrie, in der 11 Prozent der Erwerbstätigen beschäftigt sind, spielt in Oman nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Der begrenzte Binnenmarkt setzt dem produzierendenGewerbe enge Grenzen. Zu den wichtigsten Industriezweigen zählen Erdölverarbeitung und Herstellung von Baustoffen (vor allem Zement). Von lokaler Bedeutung ist dastraditionelle Handwerk. Die Energieerzeugung erfolgt zu 100 Prozent in Wärmekraftwerken. 6.4 Währung und Außenhandel Die Währungseinheit in Oman ist der Rial Omani zu 1 0...

• Tonga (country) - country.

  as the Fale Alea, or Legislative Assembly, consists of the cabinet, nine representatives elected by Tonga’s 33 nobles, and nine representatives elected by the people.Elections are held every three years; all citizens aged 21 and over are eligible to vote. The Privy Council acts as the Court of Appeal, except for criminal cases, andappoints the Supreme Court judge. The country has a small defense force of about 200 and a separate police force. Tonga is a member of the United Nations (UN), theComm...

• Andorra - country.

  For 715 years Andorra was ruled jointly by Spanish and French co-princes—respectively the Bishop of Urgel and, in modern times, the president of France. Under thisarrangement, which granted Andorra a limited form of autonomy, responsibility for domestic affairs was delegated to an elected general counsel ( Consell General de las Valls ). Judicial matters, foreign affairs, and defense remained under the control of the co-princes. In March 1993 Andorrans voted to end this semifeudal system ( see...

• Timor-Leste - geographie.

  Während des 2. Weltkrieges stand Timor unter japanischer Besatzung. Nach der Unabhängigkeit Indonesiens von den Niederlanden 1945 ging der westliche Teil anIndonesien, während der Osten bis 1975 portugiesisches Kolonialgebiet blieb. Nach dem Rückzug Portugals aus Osttimor rief die linksgerichtete osttimoresische Befreiungsfront FRETILIN (Frente Revolucionária de Timor Leste Independente) im Oktober 1975 die Unabhängigkeit für den östlichen Teil der Insel aus; aber Indonesien unter Präsident Su...

• Oscar-Preisträger.

  Beste RegieJAHR NAME ORIGINALTITEL DEUTSCHER TITEL 1929 Lewis MilestoneFrank Borzage Two Arabian KnightsSeventh Heaven SchlachtenbummlerIm siebenten Himmel 1930 Frank Lloyd The Divine Lady Die ungekrönte Königin 1930 Lewis Milestone All Quiet on the Western Front Im Westen nichts Neues 1931 Norman Taurog Skippy - 1932 Frank Borzage Bad Girl - 1934 Frank Lloyd Cavalcade Cavalcade 1935 Frank Capra It Happened One Night Es geschah in einer Nacht 1936 John Ford The Informer Der Verräter 1937 Frank C...

• synthese personnelle TPE

• Kuwait - geographie.

  Kuwait verfügt mit knapp 13 Milliarden Tonnen Erdöl über die viertgrößten nachgewiesenen Ölreserven der Welt. Große Ölfelder gibt es u. a. bei Raudhatain im Norden undbei Burgan sowie Al Wafrah im Süden des Emirates. Neben der Erdölförderung und -verarbeitung haben auch die Erdgasförderung und -aufbereitung sowie dieDüngemittelproduktion Bedeutung. Im Bereich Leichtindustrie sind u. a. die Papier- und Zementproduktion zu nennen. Wichtige Industriestandorte sind z. B. Kuwait (Stadt),Mina Abdallah...

• Países Bajos - geografía.

  Hace tiempo se creía que los Países Bajos eran pobres en recursos minerales. En distintas regiones se explotaba la turba para su aprovechamiento como combustible, seobtenía sal, y se sabía que la provincia meridional de Limburgo contenía depósitos de carbón. En las décadas de 1950 y 1960 se descubrieron grandes yacimientos de gasnatural en la provincia de Groninga. Hay otros más pequeños de petróleo en el norte y sur del país. 2.6 Temas medioambientales Los Países Bajos son uno de los países má...

• Tuvalu - country.

  Funafuti has a town council, and each of the other islands except Niulakita has an island council. Members of these councils are directly elected to four-year terms. Tuvalu is active in regional affairs. It is a member of the South Pacific Commission, an advisory body of Western and Pacific nations promoting social stability in theSouth Pacific, and the South Pacific Forum, a regional organization that addresses the foreign affairs and international trade of its member countries. Tuvalu became a...

• Gabun - geographie.

  dem Großteil der Landesbevölkerung nicht viel ein. Die meisten exportierenden Unternehmen sind im ausländischen Besitz, die die erwirtschafteten Gewinne ins Auslandtransferieren. Die Auslandsverschuldung Gabuns mit fast vier Milliarden US-Dollar ist enorm hoch. Rückläufige Erdölproduktion (seit 1997), Ölpreisverfall, Einbrüche imHolzexport und Schwankungen des Dollarkurses tun ihr Übriges. Rund drei Viertel der Bevölkerung Gabuns lebt in Armut. 6.1 Landwirtschaft Zwar sind 52 Prozent der Bevölk...

• Trinidad und Tobago - geographie.

  der Petrochemie machen über 40 Prozent des gesamten Exportvolumens aus. Der Inselstaat gehört mittlerweile zu den weltweit bedeutenden Exporteuren von Flüssiggas.Kehrseite der Medaille sind allerdings die Belastungen der Umwelt (vor allem auf Trinidad) durch die Öl- und Gaswirtschaft. Um das Land von der Abhängigkeit vom Erdöl- und Erdgassektor zu lösen, förderten die Regierungen zur Diversifikation der Wirtschaft auch andere Wirtschaftszweige, wieetwa die Eisen- und Stahlindustrie und die Leich...

• Republic of the Congo - country.

  rate of 50 CFA francs equal to 1 French franc was in force from 1948 to 1994, when the CFA franc was devalued by 50 percent. The leading commercial banks are theBanque Internationale du Congo and the Union Congolaise de Banques. E Foreign Trade In 2000 imports cost $930 million and exports earned $2.09 billion. The Congo engages in considerable trade with the nearby countries of Cameroon, the CentralAfrican Republic, and Gabon, with which it is joined in the Customs and Economic Union of Centra...

• USA - Iraq War - History.

  B Making the Case for War B1 “Neoconservatives” and the Bush Doctrine Long before President George W. Bush took office in 2001, elements in or close to the Republican Party had called repeatedly for firmer U.S. steps against Iraq,including a war if necessary to force a regime change. One such group authored a white paper in 1996 called A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm , which was later sent to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of Israel’s Likud Party. It advocated...

• U.S.-Iraq War - U.S. History. I INTRODUCTION U.S.-Iraq War, military action begun in

  B Making the Case for War B1 “Neoconservatives” and the Bush Doctrine Long before President George W. Bush took office in 2001, elements in or close to the Republican Party had called repeatedly for firmer U.S. steps against Iraq,including a war if necessary to force a regime change. One such group authored a white paper in 1996 called A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm , which was later sent to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of Israel’s Likud Party. It advocated...

• Zentralafrikanische Republik - geographie.

  ist weit verbreitet. 36,5 Prozent (2005) des Landes sind bewaldet. Die Ausbeutung der Wälder gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung: Holz macht etwa 14 Prozent der Exporteinnahmen aus. 6.2 Bergbau Die Bodenschätze dieses hauptsächlich landwirtschaftlich geprägten Landes sind vergleichsweise schlecht erschlossen. Diamanten sind die bedeutendsten Mineralien, dieabgebaut werden. Es gibt sowohl Vorkommen von Uran als auch von Eisenerz, Gold, Kalk, Zink, Kupfer und Zinn. 6.3 Industrie und Handel Die indust...

• Guinea - country.

  Mining operations in 2004 yielded 16 million metric tons of bauxite, 468,400 carats of high-quality diamonds, and 16,000 kg (35,300 lb) of gold. Environmental concernsand political instability in neighboring Liberia have delayed exploitation of high-grade iron ore from Mount Nimba. In 1999 the national budget included $466 million in revenues and $414 million in expenditures. The unit of currency is the Guinean franc, which is divided into 100 centimes (3,644 francs equal U.S.$1; 2005 average...

• annales maths

  Avant-propos Ces annales sont un recueil des énoncés et des corrigés de certains des contrôles des années précédentes. Au chapitre I page 4, on trouvera les énoncés, éventuellement quelque peu modiés, des épreuves. Pour la plupart d'entre elles, les documents et calculatrices personnels étaient inter- dits mais, lors de certaines, les calculatrices du département avaient été mises à la disposition des étudiants. Jusqu'à l'année universitaire 2004–2005, le temps imparti pour chaque épreuve était...

• Chad - country.

  B Industries The processing of cotton and cottonseed oil and the manufacturing of peanut oil are major industries in Chad. Modern meatpacking plants have been established inN’Djamena and Sarh. The fishing industry furnishes fresh, dried, and smoked fish for domestic use and export. Petroleum mining and processing are increasinglyimportant industries in Chad. Gold and natron, a mineral used to make soap, glass, paper, and medicines, are also mined. Forestry is important in the south. The outputo...

• Eritrea - country.

  1993 decree set up a formal transitional government under EPLF control. This provided for a National Assembly, a president, and council of ministers. Isaias Afwerki,secretary general of the EPLF, was formally elected president by the National Assembly in June 1993. A new constitution was approved in 1997. Under this constitution, the National Assembly is the country’s legislature. Its members are popularly elected to five-yearterms. A president, elected by the National Assembly to a five-year te...

• Mauretanien - geographie.

  Kupfererzförderung, einst ein wichtiger Industriezweig, wurde 1978 abgebrochen. 6.4 Währung und Außenhandel Die Währungseinheit Mauretaniens ist der Ouguiya, der fünf Khoums entspricht. Die Mauretanische Zentralbank (gegründet 1973) ist die Notenbank des Landes. Wichtigste Exportgüter sind Eisenerz und Fischereiprodukte. Importiert werden vorwiegend Nahrungsmittel, Maschinen, Baumaterial, Erdöl und Konsumgüter. WichtigsteHandelspartner sind Frankreich, Italien, Belgien, Luxemburg, Deutschland,...

• Grenada - country.

  Grenada is a member of the Organization of American States and the United Nations. From 1958 to 1962, it was a member of the West Indies Federation, and in theearly 1960s it participated in unsuccessful attempts to form a federation linking the Leeward Islands and Windward Islands. Grenada is tied with other Caribbeancountries through membership in the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM). VI HISTORY Grenada was originally inhabited by Arawak Indians, who were killed or driven away...

• Dominica - country.

  Other crops are being promoted to diversify the economy away from reliance on bananas. They include coffee, cacao, mangoes, citrus fruit, and root vegetables. Pumice is quarried and exported on Dominica. Manufacturing is on a small scale and largely limited to the processing of farm products. The main manufactured goodsare fruit juices, alcoholic beverages, soap, and essential oils. The island also has electronic assembly plants, data-processing companies, and garment manufacturers. The governme...

• Central African Republic - country.

  Manufacturing activity in the Central African Republic is very limited. Products include cottonseed, peanut, and sesame oils; textiles; leather goods; tobacco products;soap; flour; bricks; and paint. The output of electricity in 2003 was 106 million kilowatt-hours, 80.19 percent of which was generated in hydroelectric installations. Gemdiamonds account for nearly all the country’s mineral output and two-thirds of its export revenue. Production was 250,000 carats in 2004. Uranium was discovered i...

• Insanity planning

• Grönland - geographie.

  Herstellung von Aluminium, Milchglas, Email und Fluor verwendet wird. Seit den späten siebziger Jahren sind die Vorkommen jedoch erschöpft. Auch Blei und Zink wurdenabgebaut, bis die Vorräte um 1990 ebenfalls zurückgingen. Vorkommen von Gold, Kohle und Uran sind bekannt. Der Außenhandel wird durch die 1774 gegründete,staatliche Königlich-Grönländische Handelsgesellschaft (Grønlands Handel) dominiert. Die wichtigsten Exportwaren sind Fisch und Fischprodukte, die Hauptimportgüter sind Energieträ...

• Djibouti (country) - country.

  l’Unité et de la Démocratie (FRUD; Front for the Renewal of Unity and Democracy) represents the Afar minority. The Parti National Démocratique (PND; Democratic National Party) and the Parti du Renouveau Démocratique (PRD; Democratic Renewal Party) are both small opposition parties favoring democratic reforms. VI HISTORY Djibouti lies at a major global crossroads where, some 100,000 years ago, early humans migrated from Africa to the Middle East. Livestock herding, which remainsimportant...

• Beijing - geography.

  other polluting materials contributes to the city’s severe air and water pollution. V EDUCATION AND CULTURE Beijing has more colleges and universities than any other Chinese city. The most prominent institutions are Peking University, founded in 1898; and Tsinghua University,founded in 1911, which is the most prestigious scientific and technical institution in the country. Both institutions are located in the northwest suburbs, an areaassociated with higher education and research. Also in this...

• la metamorphose

• Slovenia - country.

  Democratic Party of Slovenia, the Christian Democratic Party, United List, the Slovenian National Party, the Democratic Party of Slovenia, and Greens of Slovenia. Slovenia has eight trial courts, four appellate courts, and a Supreme Court. The Assembly appoints all judges, including the justices of the Supreme Court. Slovenia hasan extensive network of social service programs sponsored by the government, including low-cost medical coverage and retirement pensions. Slovenia had an army of 6,550 a...

• Comoros - country.

  Since 1981 the currency has been the Comorian franc. The Comorian franc had a fixed exchange rate with the French franc of 50 to 1 until 1994, when the rate was changed to 75 Comorian francs to 1 French franc. In 2006, the Comorian franc exchanged at an average of 392 to U.S.$1. Transport between the islands is mostly by air, and there is an international airport at Hahaia on Njazidja where jets can land. Road networks have been built betweenmost of the main island settlements, but the mountai...

• The Gambia - country.

  The population of The Gambia (2008 estimate) is 1,735,464, making it one of the least populous countries of Africa. Still, the country has a fairly high overall populationdensity of 174 persons per sq km (449 per sq mi), and the population is increasing at a rate of 2.7 percent a year. Banjul, formerly called Bathurst, is the capital andonly seaport. The largest city is Serrekunda, a transportation hub and commercial center. B Religion and Language The great majority of the people of The Gambia...

• Extrasolar Planets - astronomy.

  When a planet passes in a front of the star it orbits—an event called a transit—it causes a small dip in the brightness of the star. Measuring the slight change in thebrightness can be used not only to directly detect a planet, but to determine its size and orbit. However, the planet needs to orbit in a plane that lies in a telescope’sline of sight on the star. Despite long odds, Earth-based telescopes have detected and studied a few exoplanets using this method. The first space telescope design...

• Central America - Geography.

  F Animal Life Most of the animal life of Central America is similar to that of South America, but some animals have ties with North America. The marley and opossum have links withSouth America, as do the jaguar, ocelot, jaguarundi, and margay, which are members of the cat family. In contrast, the puma, gray fox, and coyote are of NorthAmerican origin. The armadillo, anteater, and sloth have ties to the south, deer to the north. The large manatee, an aquatic plant eater, survives in the isolated...

• United Arab Emirates - country.

  III PEOPLE Most people living in the UAE (known as Emiris) are Arabs, a large majority of whom are city and town dwellers. A small number are nomadic (having no permanent home). The population has grown dramatically since the mid-1960s, largely due to the influx of oil workers to the country. Four-fifths of the UAE’s inhabitants areforeign workers and their families. The UAE also has a very youthful population, due to the large numbers of young foreign workers, a cultural preference for larg...

• Costa Rica - country.

  protection from future deforestation is not guaranteed. Deforestation places Costa Rica’s rich biodiversity in danger. The country’s location on the cusp between Northand South America and its abundance of tropical forests make it home to a great variety of species, many of them rare and threatened. Deforestation also contributesto the country’s problematic rate of soil erosion. Costa Rica is party to international treaties concerning biodiversity, climate change ( see Global Warming), endangere...

• Trinidad and Tobago - country.

  III PEOPLE The history of Trinidad and Tobago is reflected in the makeup of its population, among the most ethnically diverse in the Caribbean. Blacks of African ancestry andAsians of Indian ancestry each make up about 40 percent of the population. The remainder is mainly of mixed ancestry, although there are also small groups of peopleof Chinese, European, South American, and Middle Eastern descent. The ethnic diversity of Trinidad and Tobago owes its origins to slavery and its abolition. Afr...

• Brasilien - geographie.

  3 BEVÖLKERUNG Die Einwohnerzahl beträgt etwa 192 Millionen (2008). Dies entspricht einer Bevölkerungsdichte von rund 23 Einwohnern pro Quadratkilometer. Die Bevölkerung ist sehrungleich über das Land verteilt, etwa 84 Prozent der Brasilianer leben in Städten. Aufgrund der wechselvollen Geschichte des Landes ist seine Bevölkerung ethnisch sehr heterogen zusammengesetzt. Etwas mehr als die Hälfte der brasilianischenBevölkerung sind Weiße (u. a. 15 Prozent portugiesischer, 11 Prozent italienischer...

• Iceland - country.

  III PEOPLE Icelanders are one of the most homogenous peoples in the world. They are predominantly of Nordic origin, descendants of the hardy people who emigrated fromNorway to Iceland in the Middle Ages. There are also some Celtic influences from Irish and Scottish immigrants who arrived from the British Isles ( see Celts). The population of Iceland (2008 estimate) is 304,367. Numerous times in its history, Iceland has suffered major population losses due to epidemics, volcanic eruptions, and...

• Lithuania - country.

  pollution. III PEOPLE Ethnic Lithuanians constitute about 80 percent of the country’s population. The proportion of Lithuanians increased slightly in the first years after the dissolution of theSoviet Union—many Lithuanians returned to their homeland from that country and abroad while some Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians left the country. Russiansand Poles constitute the country’s largest minority groups, each accounting for roughly 7 percent of the population. Jews were the largest mino...

• Estonia - country.

  protest the expansion of open-pit phosphorite mining in northeastern Estonia. Their success in stopping the expansion prompted further demonstrations as part of thecountry’s independence movement. Since independence Estonia has taken measures to protect the environment. The government has ratified international agreementsto reduce emissions of hazardous wastes and greenhouse gases, as well as to protect biodiversity, wetlands, and endangered species. Estonians cherish thecountryside, and 31 perc...

• Latvia - country.

  The population of Latvia is about 2,245,423 (2008 estimate), yielding an average population density of 35 persons per sq km (91 per sq mi). Latvia is highly urbanized.Some 66 percent of the population lives in urban areas, with nearly one-third of the total population residing in the capital, Rīga. Other important cities includeDaugavpils, an industrial center in the southeast, on the Daugava River; Liep āja, an important port on the Baltic Sea; Jelgava, an industrial center near Rîga; J ūrmala,...

• Finland - country.

  Productive forestland is the most valuable natural resource of Finland. Spruce, pine, and silver birch are the principal trees used to manufacture wood and pulp andpaper products. Finland lacks coal and petroleum resources and is a net importer of energy resources. However, Finland does have significant deposits of peat, which is cut from thenumerous peat bogs that cover much of the north. Peat is an important heat source for homes, and it provides about 7 percent of Finland’s electricity needs....